Chapter 7Anatomy

Skeletal System

1. How many bones are there in the adult skeleton?

2. Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeletons.

3. Where is the hyoid bone located? What is its purpose?

4. In the front label the pectoral girdle. What bones are included?

5. What is the purpose of the pelvic girdle?6. What are the 3 parts to the pelvic girdle?

Dem Bones!

We sure have lots of bones!We sure have lots of bones!

A newborn baby has more bonesthan an adult. A baby is born with 300 bones. An adult only has 206.

Your hand has 27 bones.

Your face has 14 bones.

Smallest and The Longest:The longest bone in your body is your thigh bone, the femur it is about 1/4 of your height.

The smallest bone in your body is the stirrup bone in your ear which can measure only 1/10 of an inch.

Did You Know?

Humans and giraffes have the same number of bones in their necks? A Giraffe’s

neck vertebrae are just much, much longer!

Your Femur (thigh bone) is stronger than concrete.

Bone is stronger, inch for inch than the steel used in skyscrapers.

Babies are bornwithout the patella (knee bone)

it develops between ages 2 and 5.

One fourth of your bones are located in your feet.

Your backbone is really thirty-three bones that run down the middle of

your body.

The jawbone is the hardest in the human body.

The only bones not broken so far during any ski accident are ones located

in your middle ear.

If you break your wrist as an adult it will take you 8 weeks to

heal. A five year old child who

breaks their wrist only takes 3 weeks to heal.

Your big toes have 2 bones in them, while all your

other toes have 3 bones in them.

Your bones also manufacture blood cells and stores

useful minerals.

Appendicular SkeletonAppendage- extension of a main structure

consists of upper and lower limbs & bones that anchor limbs

consist of 2 anchoring girdles:1. pectoral girdle- clavicle and

scapula2. pelvic girdle- 2 coxae (hip bones)

very lightallows for wide range of movement

poor shoulder stabilitydislocations occur frequentlyonly attached at sternoclavicular joint

1. Pectoral Girdle

“little keys”anchors many muscles act like braceswhen broken, entire shoulder collapses forward

Clavicle

“spade or shovel”aka shoulder blade

Scapula

Bones of upper limbs: Humerus

Radius

Colle’s fracture

Ulna

Hand bones

stable report for lower limbsmost of body weight is carried by

pelvic girdleprovides support, protects bladder,

parts of large intestine, and internal reproductive organs

3 separate bones in infants- what are they?

fused into 1 in adults

2. Pelvic Girdle

longest and heaviest bone in bodyvery vascular; large amounts of blood losswhen brokenwhen broken, many times a metal rod is putinside the hollow bone

Femur

Tibiaaka shin bone

bears major portion of body weight

doesn’t bear ANY body weight or offer strength for leg

main fxn: point of attachment for muscles

can be used for bone grafting

Fibula

knee capPatella

Bones of Foot

arches in foot enable the foot to support the weight of the body & provide leverage for walking

not rigid