Simply English GRAMMAR - SARASWATI HOUSE Material/978-93-5199-741... · Terry O’Brien Answer Key...

Terry O’Brien

Answer KeyGRAMMAR

English

SimplyGRAMMAR

(An imprint of New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.)New Delhi-110002 (INDIA)

(An imprint of New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.)

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First published 2016Reprinted 2017

ISBN: 978-93-5199-741-2

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1. Parts of Speech 1

2. AbstractandCollectiveNouns 4

3. Gender 5

4. Adjectives 7

Simply Quizzing-1 9

5. Articles 11

6. SingularandPlural 13

7. CountableandUncountableNouns 14

8. Pronouns 15

Simply Quizzing-2 18

9. Adverbs 20

10. Prepositions 22

11. Conjunctions 24

12. Sentences 26

13. PhrasesandClauses 28

14. Subject-VerbAgreement 31

15. Tenses 32

16. PastParticiples 34

17. ActiveandPassiveVoice 35

18. DirectandIndirectSpeech 37

19. Punctuation 39

Contents

20. WordBank 42

21. Comprehension 43

Phonics 45

Worksheet-1 49

Worksheet-2 51

Worksheet-3 53

Worksheet-4 55

Worksheet-5 57

Worksheet-6 59

Worksheet-7 61

Worksheet-8 64

Worksheet-9 66

Worksheet-10 68

Worksheet-11 70

Worksheet-12 73

Worksheet-13 76

Worksheet-14 78

Worksheet-15 80

Worksheet-16 83

Worksheet-17 85

Worksheet-18 87

Worksheet-19 90

20. Comprehension 93

21. Writing 99

Answerkey 103

1. Parts of Speech

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF Noun - Prateek;boy;money;food Adjective - good;needy Pronoun - he Verb - is;helps Adverb - really Preposition - with Conjunction - and Interjection - wow!

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. adverb b. adverb c. noun d. verb e. preposition f. adjective g. conjunction h. interjection i. verb j. verb

2. a. Noun - luggage Verb - helped;carry Pronoun - I;him

b. Noun - weather Verb - was Adjective - sultry Adverb - very

c. Noun - evening Verb - spend Pronoun - we Adverb - there

d. Noun - friend;weather Verb - said Pronoun - my Adjective - humid Interjection - oh

e. Noun - hills Verb - left Pronoun - we Adjective - eight Adverb - just;beforeeightinthemorning Preposition - for;in

f. Noun - supermarket;things Verb - went;buy Pronoun - we Adjective - first;some Preposition - to;to

g. Noun - breakfast;restaurant Verb - had Pronoun - we Adverb - neartherailwaystation Preposition - at

h. Noun - man;suitcase Verb - was;lift Pronoun - his Adjective - old;strong Adverb - enough Preposition - to

i. Noun - car;pole Verb - rammed;gotout

Pronoun - everyone Adverb - safely Preposition - into Conjunction - but

j. Noun - home Verb - gotback;gotosleep Pronoun - we;we Adjective - lateatnight Adverb - immediately Preposition - at Conjunction - but

3. Free response.

4. Free response.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF 1. a. fleet b. army c. crowd d. herd e. class f. panel

2. a. N b. N c. Y d.Y e.N f. Y g. N h. N i.N j. Y

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. belt b. library c. bevy d.pack e. bunch f. bundle g. litter h.pit

2. a. cheerfulness b. bravery c. sadness d.knowledge e. expectation f. excellence g. belief h.friendship

3. Free response.

4. a. lions Sentence-Free response. b. stars Sentence-Free response. c. bread/cookies Sentence-Free response. d. flowers Sentence-Freeresponse. e. bees Sentence-Free response. f. people/onlookers Sentence-Free response. g. musicians Sentence-Free response. h. dust/smoke Sentence- Free response.

2. Abstract and Collective Nouns

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. goose b. countess c. mare d. spinster e. jenny f. hen

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. M b. C c. N d.F e.N f. N g. C h. M i.F j. F

2. a. hen-sparrow b. mare c. bull d. doe e. nanny-goat f. ram g. peahen h. bachelor i. poetess j. witch

3. a. masculine-boar feminine-sow b. masculine-tom feminine-pussy c. masculine-bull feminine-cow d. masculine-dog feminine-bitch e. masculine-rooster feminine-hen f. masculine-man feminine-woman g. masculine-stallion feminine-mare h. masculine-buck feminine-doe

3. Gender

i. masculine-fox feminine-vixen

4. a. sister;duck b. goose;lady c. lady;nun d. ewe;hind e. aunt;abbess f. czarina;signora g. administratrix;great-aunt h. executrix;duchess i. baroness;murderess j. Jewess;manageress

SIMPLY DO IT

H K L M J I L A D Y Y SE P O U I I A H G B H GA F H J K L N P F N F RD B N M J K A E D D Y GM F H J K L T A S C U RI A S D F G L H A B J GS E R T Y U U E S T S HT I G R E S S N U I T TR M A I D S E R V A N TE C O N D U C T R E S SS A A C T R E S S F G HS C V B N M H J K L L I

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. wise(adjectiveofquality) b. last(definitenumeraladjective) c. which(interrogativeadjective) d. these(demonstrativeadjective) e. latest(adjectiveofquality) f. several(indefinitenumeraladjective);grammar(adjectiveofquality)

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. comparative-younger superlative-youngest b. comparative-greater superlative-greatest c. comparative-happier superlative-happiest d. comparative-hotter superlative-hottest e. comparative-fatter superlative-fattest f. comparative-cleverer superlative-cleverest g. comparative-moredifficult superlative-mostdifficult h. comparative-moreproper superlative-mostproper i. comparative-farther superlative-farthest j. comparative-less,lesser superlative-least

4. Adjectives

2. a. prettier b. nice c. mostintelligent d. well e. largest f. large g. larger h. mostinteresting i. smarter j. shorter

3. Free response.

4. Free response.

SIMPLY QUIZZING-1 § Nametheeightdifferentparts of speech.

Nouns,verbs,pronouns,adjectives,adverbs,prepositions,conjunctionsandinterjections.

§ Thenamesoftheartsandsciencesareabstract nouns.TrueorFalse?

§ Whichamongtheseisnotanabstract noun: fear,anger,laughter,joy,grammar,climb?

§ The neuter genderisalsousedtodenotelivingbeings.TrueorFalse?

§ The feminine genderisoftenusedforobjectsrepresenting....................... and........................

beauty;grace

§ Animalstodayarealsoreferredtousingthemasculine or feminine gender.TrueorFalse?

§ Say the feminine genderofthefollowingnouns:

administrator

administratrix

giantess

prophet

prophetess

czarina

sultan

sultana

§ What are the three degrees of comparisoncalled?

Positive,comparativeandsuperlative.

§ Saywhatshouldcomeinthemissingrows:

Positive Comparative Superlative

difficult moredifficult mostdifficult eager moreeager mosteager grey greyer greyest new newer newest fine finer finest

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. the b. the c. an d. a e. the

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. b. c. d.

e. f. g. h. i. j.

2. a. The; the b. ; a c. the d. the; the e. a f. an; the

g. The; h. The; the i. the j. the; the

3. a. J K Rowling is the author of the Harry Pott er series. b. Paul is at home all day long. c. Did you know that the Earth is a planet? d. We have got a small house near the lake. e. I have got water. Do you want to drink some? f. The Chinese people eat lots of rice. g. Harman Singh is a doctor of bones. h. The Smiths are my immediate neighbours. i. Golf is a nice game to play and watch. j. The Pyramids and Sphinx are in Egypt.

5. Articles

4. Imaginethatyouareatanexhibitiononrobots.Suddenly,yourealisethatyouareabouttopushsomeone,buttheperson,justatthelastmoment,gracefullysmilesatyou.Youstarttoapologiseasthispersonturnstofaceyou,whenyourealisethispersonisactuallyarobot.Therobot,however,continueswithitspoliteapologybeforemovingon.

The robot has betterdevelopedmannersthanyou!Itsapologysoundscompletelysincereeventhoughthenearcollisioncouldn’thavebeentherobot’smistake.

The robot is equippedwithmotiondetectorswhich sense the distanceandmove the robotawayfrompeopleandthings.Realisingyourownmistake,youquicklyapologisetotherobotandmoveon.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF 1. deer 2. trousers 3. monuments 4. child 5. visuals 6. foot

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. commanders-in-chief b. coats-of-mill c. sons-in-law d. mothers-in-law e. sisters-in-law f. maid-servants g. passers-by h. editors-in-chief 2. Free response.

SIMPLY DO IT 1. children 2. shape 3. advice 4. scissors 5. fish 6. trousers

6. Singular and Plural

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF

Countable nouns Uncountable nouns

machine air refrigerator water antelope honey director fire pillar business book intelligence

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. countable b. countable c. uncountable d. countable e. uncountable f. countable g. countable h. uncountable i. uncountable j. uncountable

2. a. uncountable b. uncountable c. countable d. countable e. uncountable f. uncountable g. countable h. countable/uncountable i. uncountable j. uncountable k. uncountable l. uncountable m. countable n. uncountable o. uncountable Sentences-Free response.

3. Free response.

7. Countable and Uncountable Nouns

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF

8. Pronouns

Third person Singular Plural

Subject pronoun he/she/it they

Object pronoun him/her/it them

Possessive adjective his/her/its their

Possessive pronoun his/hers/its theirs

First person Singular Plural

Subject pronoun I we

Object pronoun me us

Possessive adjective my our

Possessive pronoun mine ours

Second person Singular Plural

Subject pronoun you

Object pronoun you

Possessive adjective your

Possessive pronoun yours

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. ThisisthemovieIwanttosee. this-demonstrativepronoun;I-subjectpronoun b. Which dancing class do yougoto? which-interrogativepronoun;you-objectpronoun

c. Allanimalscareforthemselves. themselves-reflexivepronoun d. Whoisthegirlinthegreendress? who-interrogativepronoun e. Sarahherselfwenttothepark. herself-emphasisingpronoun f. Everybodymakesmistakesinlife. everybody-indefinitepronoun g. Thesearespecificallymadehandicraftitems. these-demonstrativepronoun h. I myselfsawthethieflastnight. I-subjectpronoun;myself-emphasisingpronoun i. Thepencilwhichwaslyingonmydeskseemstohavevanished. my-possessiveadjective j. Thecoachwasangrywithhimselffornothavingtrainedhisteamwell. himself-reflexivepronoun;his-posessiveadjective

2. a. Everybody b. anybody c. One d. Nobody e. few f. many g. some

3. a. Which b. whom c. Whose d. What e. Which/Whose f. whom g. Who h. Which i. Who j. Whose/Which

4. a. Imyselfheardhislecture.

b. Imyselfwenttothemallandboughtit.

c. Hehimselfpaintedtheglassceiling.

d. Andrewcompletedithimself.

e. Don’ttouchthatknife.Youwillhurtyourself.

f. Iwillgivemyselfaweektofinishthesummerproject.

g. Sumitaherselfwasnotawareofthevacationplan.

h. Theterroristshothimselfwhenhewascaptured.

i. Theyinjuredthemselvesduringanearthquake.

j. Youmustbelieveme.Imyselfheardhimtellherthat.

SIMPLY QUIZZING-2

§ Wedonotusethewithpropernouns.TrueorFalse?

§ Weusethewithabstractnouns.TrueorFalse?

§ Wedonotusethewithnamesofmaterials.TrueorFalse?

§ What is an indefinite article?

Thearticles‘a’and‘an’,whichrefertoanyperson,place,animalorthingingeneral, areknownasindefinitearticles.

§ What is a definite article?

Thearticles‘the’,whichreferstoaparticularperson,place,animalorthing,is knownasadefinitearticle.

§ Whichamongsttheseisadefinite article: a,an,the?

§ State the pluralformsofthenounsgivenbelow:

step-son - step-sons

passer-by - passers-by

looker-on - lookers-on

trousers - trousers

billiards - billiards

alms - alms

gulf - gulfs

§ Someuncountable nounscanbecomecountable nouns dependingontheirusage.CorrectorIncorrect?

Correct

§ Tick(ü)thecorrectones:

ü acartonofmilk threecupsofmilks

ü ajugofwater fivelitersofwaters

§ Namethefivedifferenttypesofpronouns.

Demonstrative,interrogative,reflexive,emphasisingandindefinitepronouns.

§ What is the difference between an emphasising and a reflexive pronoun?

Anemphasisingpronounisusedtolayemphasisandareflexivepronounrefersto thenounthatdoestheveryaction.Anemphasisingpronouncanberemovedfroma sentenceandthesentencewouldstillmakesense.Whereas,ifareflexivepronounis removedfromasentence,thesentencewillnotmakecompletesense.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF Free response.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. Johnpractisedcricketfrequently. frequently-adverboffrequency b. Janetalwayswantedtobeapilot. always-adverboffrequency c. Jerry’sfathersangthehymnloudly. loudly-adverbofmanner d. Jagritieagerlylickedhericecreamcone. eagerly-adverbofmanner e. Mary’sparentswillarrivetomorrow. tomorrow-adverboftime f. HowdoesJaffarfeelrightnow? how-interrogativeadverb g. Thebombexplodedhere. here-adverbofplace h. Whywereyoumissingfromtheconcert? why-interrogativeadverb i. Skiingonthetallestmountainwasreallyexhilarating. really-adverbofdegree j. Thepilotquicklyboardedtheaircraftandtookoff. quickly-adverbofmanner

2. a. Wehadabadlydamagedcaraftertheaccident.

b. Theromanticsongisverybeautiful.

c. Ablogwrittenwellisapleasuretoread.

d. Thespecialenginewasincrediblyhuge.

e. Theattractivepaintingsthattheysellarefairlysturdy.

9. Adverbs

f. Youaretoointelligenttodoanythingfoolish!

g. Peggyproudlydisplayedhercarefullypaintedpotteries.

h. AnystorythatRuskinBondwritesistrulyexciting.

i. Ifindwardrobecleaningtobeataskthatissomewhatenjoyable.

j. Nina’sshoppingspreegaveherfaceaslightlydifferentsmile.

3. Free response.

4. Free response.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. Pritamwenttotheice-creamparlouron5pm. b. NaveenwasbornatthemonthofDecember. c. ShaliniwillbethereinHyderabadatMondayandTuesday. d. In19July2017,wewillinauguratethenewbuilding. e. Atthenextfifteenyears,theworldwillbecomeasuperglobalvillage. f. Noonehasseenachangeonthelastdecade.Wemustdosomethingnow. g. TherewillbeapowerfailureatmorningtonoononSunday.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. through;into b. from;to c. into d. over e. to;by/by;to f. In;on g. in h. to;from i. to;near j. at

2. a. Thechirpingbirdflewtoitsmother. to-prepositionofdirection b. Theconferencewillgoonfrom3rdJanuaryto7thJanuary. from...to-prepositionoftime c. Inthethirdweek,mysisterwillbeundergoinganoperation. in-prepositionoftime d. Didyouheartheknockatthebig,browndoor? at-prepositionofplace e. Eachtimethefollowersprayforrain,theylooktowardsthesky. for-prepositionofagent;towards-prepositionofdirection f. Thegreenfroglookedintothewell. into-prepositionofdirection g. Atseveninthemorning,thereshallbeaprayermeetingforall. at-prepositionoftime;in-prepositionoftime;for-prepositionofagent

10. Prepositions

h. Thebillwaspassedbythegeneralmanagerofthecompany. by-prepositionofagent i. Itisimperativetogetthedocumentsattestedfromtheheadoffice. from-prepositionofagent j. Theteacheraskedthestudentstowalkthrough the door and intotheauditorium. through-prepositionofdirection;into-prepositionofdirection

3. Free response.

4. Free response.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. Theservantsaidthathewillbegoinghomesoon. b. Rameshdidnotscorewellthoughheworkedharddayandnight. c. Thevillagersareallowedtoroamfreelyonlybeforethesunsets. d. Youwillnotbeabletoplayattheconcertuntilyougetyourguitarrepaired. e. Icouldnotmakeittoworksincemycarbrokedown.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. Students will underline these words: a. unless b. and c. Since d. till e. Unless f. that g. or h. before i. after j. because

2. a. than b. though c. since d. or e. and f. so g. until h. but i. than j. Since

3. a. Rohitcouldnotcallhiswifesincehisphonewasnotworking. Rohitcouldnotcallhiswife. Rohit’sphonewasnotworking. b. Thechoirwilldefinitelymakeitunlesstheymisstheirtrain. Thechoirwilldefinitelymakeit. Thechoirwillmisstheirtrain. c. Theflowerpotneedstobeplacedhereso thatnoonetrips. Theflowerpotneedstobeplacedhere. Nooneshouldtrip.

11. Conjunctions

d. Ilikethecolourgreenwhilemysisterpreferspink. Ilikethecolourgreen. Mysisterpreferspink. e. Doletmeknowthestatusas soon asyouknowaboutit. Doletmeknowthestatus. Tellmewhenyouknowaboutit. f. SinceIwillbeonleavetomorrow,pleasediscussthelessontoday. Iwillbeonleavetomorrow. Pleasediscussthelessontoday. g. Theclerkdidnothelpmeoutalthoughhewasnotbusy. Theclerkdidnothelpmeout. Theclerkwasnotbusy. h. SherlockHolmestookoffhiscloakas soon asheenteredhischamber. SherlockHolmestookoffhiscloak. SherlockHolmesenteredhischamber. i. Hesavedsomemoneyso thatheshouldnothavetoborrowfromanyone. Hesavedsomemoney. Heshouldnothavetoborrowfromanyone. j. Thoughthepatientissuffering,hedoesnotcomplainatall. Thepatientissuffering. Thepatientdoesnotcomplainatall.

4. Free response.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. Thissentenceshowsrequest. b. Thissentenceshowsorder. c. Thissentencestatesthetruth. d. Thissentenceshowsexcitement. e. Thissentenceasksaquestion.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. declarative/assertive b. interrogative c. declarative/assertive/negative d. declarative/assertive/positive e. exclamatory f. positive/declarative/assertive g. interrogative h. declarative/assertive i. declarative/assertive j. exclamatory

2. a. Thecowsaregrazingintheopenfield. Typeofsentence-declarative/assertive b. AtwhattimewillthestoreopenonSunday? Typeofsentence-interrogative c. Whendidyoufindouttheexamresults? Typeofsentence-interrogative d. Iamontopoftheworld! Typeofsentence-exclamatory e. Nikitalovespizzamorethanburger. Typeofsentence-positive/declarative/assertive

12. Sentences

f. Adityadoesnotlikeburgeratall. Typeofsentence-negative/declarative/assertive g. Pleaseletmein,forIfellcoldoutside. Typeofsentence-imperative h. Willyoupleaseshutupandletmethink. Typeofsentence-imperative i. Myfavouritebookisthejunglebook. Typeofsentence-positive/declarative/assertive j. Theroadtoafriend’shouseisnevertoolong. Typeofsentence-positive/declarative/assertive

3. a. Itisabeautifulrainbow. b. Itisagreattriumph. c. Itisnobleofyoutohelpherlikethat. d. Itisabeautifulmorning. e. MrPateliswonderful. f. Thisisapleasantsurprise. g. Itwasadelightfuljourney. h. IwishIweresmallagain. i. Thisisnotajokingmatter. j. WerodeallthewayonaLondonbus.

4. Free response.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. Mycousinswenttothemallforthemovie. b. Itwasaspeechofgreatimpact. c. TellJanetnottotalksomuch. d. Thecakesareasdeliciousasever. e. TheTrain to Pakistanisagoodnovel.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. phrase b. clause c. phrase d. phrase e. phrase f. phrase g. phrase h. clause i. phrase j. phrase

2. Free response.

3. Free response.

13. Phrases and Clauses

SIMPLY QUIZZING-3

§ Namethesixdifferenttypes of adverbs.

Typesofadverbs-manner,time,place,degree,frequencyandinterrogative.

§ What are the things that an adverbmodifies?

Anadverbmodifiesverbs,adjectivesandotheradverbstoo.

§ Namethevariousprepositions of time.

in,on,at,from

§ Namethevariousprepositions of place.

in,on,at,from,to

§ Namethevarious prepositions of agent.

by,from,for,with,to

§ Namethevariouspreposition of movement.

to,towards,through,into

§ Sometimestwoormoreprepositionsareusedtoshowtherelationbetweenanounandpronoun.TrueorFalse?

§ Whichamongtheseisnotaconjunction: as soon as,almost,so,so that,while,as,unless,useful,that,though?

Useful

§ A declarative sentencecanbepositiveornegative.TrueorFalse?

§ An interrogative sentencealwaysendswitha.............................................

questionmark

§ An imperative sentenceexpressesa......................,......................or.......................

command;order;request

§ Asentencewhichshowsastrongfeelingisknownasan.............................................

exclamatorysentence

§ What is a phrase?

Aphraseisagroupofwordsthatformsapartofasentence.Itmakessensebutnot completesense.

§ What is a clause?

Aclauseisagroupofwordsthatformsapartofasentence.Itmakescomplete senseonitsown.

§ Tick(ü)thecorrectstatements:

ü Aphrasesdoesnotcontainaverb.

Aphrasescontainsapredicate.

ü Aphrasedoesnotcontainanounifitcontainsaverb.

Aclausecontainsaverbbutnosubject.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF

a. HeandIisgoodfriends.

b. Satyajitaregettingreadyforthematch.

c. Johnlovetosingbuttheylikestodance.

d. RiceanddalarewhatIliketoeatthemost.

e. Youisalwaysinahurry.Iareneverinahurry.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. describe b. meets c. takes d.compares e. engulfs f. cheer g. performs h.practises i. supports j. disappear

2. a. is/was b. are/were c. has d. are/were e. is/was f. is g. are h. were/are i. is/was j. is/was

3. a. Rajathelpshismotherwiththedishesafterdinner. b. Allthechildrenlikeplayingludo. c. Kangarooscarrytheirbabiesintheirpouch. d. Whenyourteacherasksyouaquestion,youmustgiveananswer. e. Themaidcooksbreakfastthriceaweek. f. Themermaidsingsbytheseashore. g. Thefrogsjumpwhentheyarehappyandexcited. h. Thegrandfatherandgrandmotherclimbdownthestairseverymorning. i. AmitandMohit’sdogbarksallthetime. j. Ifhemeanswhathesays,Ibelievehim.

4. Free response.

14. Subject-Verb Agreement

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. PA b. PR c. PA d. PC e. PR f. FU

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. iswaiting b. doing;amreplying c. isworking d. isstudying e. isgetting f. sitting g. arewaiting h. amseeing i. isexpanding j. isleaving

2. a. wassleeping b. wasreading c. waswashing d. wascooking e. wasdoing f. wasrepairing g. wasrehearsing h. werewaiting i. werechirping j. werelearning

3. a. willbegetting b. willbesearching c. willbechasing d. willberaining e. willbeblowing f. willbebarking g. willbeflying h. willbediscussing i. willbethinking j. willbetyping

4. a. Theorphansarewaitingforamiracletohappen. b. Thebluebookbelongstohissister c. Lookslikeyouarenotgettingit.Areyouclearnow? d. TheybelieveineverythingIsay. e. Doyouagreewithyourparents?

15. Tenses

f. IwenttotheparklastSundaywithmysister. g. IwillbegoingtoKashmirnextmonthtomeetmygrandparents. h. ThepassengerslikethefoodservedontheRajdhaniExpress. i. Myauntknowsthesecrettomakinggoodpudding. j. IamnotreadingthisthoroughlynowsinceIreaditearlier.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. b. c. d. e. f.

SIMPLY PRACTISE

1. Simple Past Past Participle

a. cut cut b. became become c. hit hit d. took taken e. clung clung f. died died g. drew drawn h. ate eaten i. fell fallen j. fed fed k. went gone l. swung swung m. had had n. blew blown o. inspected inspected

2. a. eaten b. walked c. driven d. baked e. known f. written g. bitten h. grown i. ridden j. taken

3. Free response.

16. Past Participles

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF

a. The parrotwasflyingtoitsnest.

b. Thehunterthrewanettocapturetheparrot.

c. The catranbehindthemouse.

d. The lionchasedthedeerallalong.

e. Themousewaskilledbythecat.

f. The deerwaschasedbythetiger.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. A b. P c. P d.A e. A f. P g. P h. A i.A j. P

2. a. Thenewreportwaspresentedbythescreeningcommittee. b. Thesebeautifulhandicraftitemsaremadebytheblindlady. c. Thegarageshallbepaintedblackandwhitebyus. d. Thescarymoviewaswatchedallalonebythechild. e. Therefrigeratorinthehousewasstolenbythethief. f. Thedoorinthebalconywasopenedforsomefreshbreezebythewoman.OR Thedoorinthebalconywasopenedbythewomanforsomefreshbreeze. g. Thehutwasliftedintotheairbythecyclone.OR Thehutwasliftedbythecycloneintotheair. h. ThesongwaswrittenasapartofChristmascelebrationsbymysister.OR ThesongwaswrittenbymysisterasapartofChristmascelebrations. i. ThethemefortheplaywasselectedbyMrGuptaandMrsBose. j. Theprogrammeofthedaywasdiscussedbythedelegateswhileeatingbreakfast.

3. a. Firedestroyedthebuilding. b. EdwardLearwrotethepoem.

17. Active and Passive Voice

c. Thelibrariancarriedthebooksfromthelibrary.OR Thelibrarianfromthelibrarycarriedthebooks. d. Someofhisfansrecognisedtheactor. e. Thefamiliesnextdoorprovidedthedecorationsthatyousee. f. Abearattackedthefishintheriver. g. Moonlightlitthelandscapeduringtheevening. h. ThePlayStreetbringsthisprogrammetoyou. i. Thespeedingtruckkilledthemonkey. j. Thesurgeoncheckedthemedicalpapers.

4. Free response.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. Hesaidthathewasagoodboy. b. Shesaidthatshefeltsick. c. HesaidthathewouldbeinKanpursoon. d. Shesaidthatshewouldmeether.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. D b. D c. D d. I e. I f. D g. I h. D i. D j. I

2. a. PankajtoldmethathewouldbeshiftingtoMumbaisoon. b. ThepianistsaidthatthattunewastheQueen’sfavourite. c. Thevendorsaidthathecouldnotgivethattomeatalesserprice. d. Nikkisaidtothecrowdthatshewouldgetthemjusticesoon. e. Thepriestsaidthatitwasimportanttobenicetopeople. f. TheshopkeepertoldmethatIneededtowaitforwintertosetin. g. Theshepherdsaidthathewassadthatthewolftookawayhissheep. h. MyfriendtoldmethatheandhisfamilyweregoingtoRomeintheholidays. i. MrsVandanasaidthattherewouldbeatimewhenwewouldmissourfriends. j. Themountaineertoldthestudentsthattheywouldenjoyeverymomentofthetrek.

3. a. Vishnusaid,‘Thereisabankopeningnearby.’ b. Thedriversaid,‘Iamgoingtoturnleft.’ c. Mybrothersaid,‘Ihavereturnedthebooktothelibrary.’ d. Thedoctorsaid,‘Thereisnoneedtoworryatall.’ e. Fredsaid,‘Iwillcometoyourparty.’

18. Direct and Indirect Speech

f. Jasonsaid,‘Iamnolongerfondofchocolates.’ g. Someonesaid,‘Honestyisthebestpolicy.’ h. Theconductorsaid,‘Thebagwasfoundundertheseat.’ i. Mymothersaid,‘Iwillinviteallyourfriendsonyourbirthday.’ j. Theastronautssaid,‘Wewouldliketovisityourschool.’

4. Free response.

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. Wow!NowthisiswhatIcallperfection. b. Rehan,Rahim,Aman,HaroonandAnjaliaregoingonatrek. c. Really!Whotoldyouthattheteacherisonleavetoday? d. Grammar,ifunderstoodwell,isnotreallydifficult. e. Theartistsaid,‘Coloursplayanimportantroleinthelifeofthecanvas.’

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. I’m b. he’ll c. who’s d. we’ve e. let’s f. I’d g. haven’t h. hasn’t i. you’d j. I’d

2. a. where’s b. you’ve c. who’d d. hadn’t e. what’ll f. we’re g. they’d h. there’s i. it’s j. you’d

3. a. He’s b. They’ve c. can’t d. Let’s e. shouldn’t f. aren’t g. They’re h. It’s i. didn’t j. I’d

4. a. I’ll b. I’ve c. wouldn’t d. it’ll e. we’ve f. they’ve g. I’m h. where’d i. you’ve j. we’d Sentences-Free response.

19. Punctuation

SIMPLY QUIZZING-4

§ Collective nouns,whenusedforasingularsubject,takethe.......................formoftheverb.

singular

§ Collective nouns,whenusedforapluralsubject,takethe.......................formoftheverb.

plural

§ Actionsthatarestillhappeningwhilewearetalkingareinthe..............................................tense.

presentcontinuous

§ Actionsthatweregoingonatsomepointinthepastaresaidtobeinthe..............................................tense.

pastcontinuous

§ Actionsthatwillbegoingonatsomepointinthefuturearesaidtobeinthe..............................................tense.

futurecontinuous

§ Verbsinthepasttensecanbeintwoforms.TrueorFalse?

§ Verbsthatformtheirsimplepastformbyadding-edor-thavedifferentwordsforbothsimplepastaswellasthepastparticipleform.RightorWrong?

§ Statethepastparticipleformoftheverbsgivenbelow:

smile - smiled

feel - felt

say - said

comment - commented

sign - signed

read - read

cut - cut

§ Are the following sentences in the active or passive voice?

a. Themanonthebikewashitbyabus.

passivevoice

b. Thehunterwillcarrythenetacrosstheriver.

activevoice

§ Whentheexactwordsofaspeakerareputwithinquotes,itiscalledthe.......................speech.

direct

§ What are contractions?

Whenweshortentwowordsbyremovingafewlettersfromthemusingan apostropheinplaceofthemissingletters,itiscalledacontraction.

PREFIXES 1. a. undo b. disadvantage c. mismatch d. untie e. unpaid f. impossible g. disloyal h. unlatch

SUFFIXES 2. a. tiresome b. healthy c. fearless d. superbly e. dearly f. wholesome g. affectionate h. weakness

HOMOPHONES Free response.

HOMONYMS 1. Meaning1:aflower Meaning2:pasttenseof‘rise’ 2. Meaning1:amachineusedforliftingheavyobjects Meaning2:abirdwithlonglegsandneck 3. Meaning1:adeepholedugundergroundtoprovidewater Meaning2:good 4. Meaning1:athinflatgreenpartofaplantthatgrowsonastem Meaning2:asheetofpaper 5. Meaning1:agroupofthingswithsimilarqualities Meaning2:towriteonatypewriteroracomputerbypressingkeys 6. Meaning1:aflatsurface Meaning2:anaircraft Sentences: Free response.

20. Word Bank

1. a. Thecoconuttrees. b. Myanmar c. Themischief-maker.

2. Onceamischief-maker,alwaysamischief-maker.

3. a. MyanmarwasearlierknownasBurma. b. Myanmarisfamousforitsgolddomedpagodasandswayingcoconuttrees. c. i. ThethiefwasgivenathousandpiecesofsilverandallowedtosettleinBurma.The

kingexcusedthethiefbecausehewasapoormanandifhehadenoughresources,hewouldmakeagoodcitizen.

ii. ThewitchwasalsogivenathousandpiecesofsilverandallowedtosettleinBurma.Thekingexcusedthewitchbecauseshewaspoor,enviousandunhappy,andifshehadenoughresources,shewouldmakeagoodcitizentoo.

iii. Themischief-makerwaspunishedandthekingorderedhisexecutionbecausehebelievedinthephilosophythatonceamischief-maker,alwaysamischief-maker.

4. a. originally-adverboftime b. once-adverboftime c. aloud-adverbofmanner d. still-adverboffrequency e. next-adverboftime

5. Free response.

6. a. Thepeopleonboardthisraftweretakentotheking. Clause:thepeopleweretakentotheking Phrase:onboardthisraft b. Themischiefmakerwastakentotheseashoreandbeheaded. Clause:themischief-makerwastakenandbeheaded Phrase: to the seashore c. Thekingdidnotbelievehimandfeltthathewasmakingfunofhim. Clause:thekingdidnotbelievehim Phrase:makingfunofhim

21. Comprehension

d. Thekingorderedanotherofficertoaccompanythefirst. Clause:thekingorderedanotherofficer Phrase:toaccompanythefirst e. Thekingwasfilledwithgriefandremorse. Clause:thekingwasfilledwithgrief Phrase:withgriefandremorse f. Overtheyears,itbecame‘on-bin’. Clause:itbecame‘on-bin’ Phrase:overtheyears

Silent B

Silent D

Silent C

bomb aplomb comb climb debt crumb dumb doubt lamb jamb limb numb plumb subtle succumb thumb tomb womb

handsome sandwich Wednesday handkerchief balled

ascent ascend conscious conscience descend crescent disciple descent fascinate fluorescent isosceles incandescent miscellaneous luminescent obscene muscle scenario scene scent scissors

PHONICS

Silent G

Silent H

align assign benign campaign consign cologne feign design gnarl foreign gnash gnat gnaw gnome gnu reign resign sign

anchor ache architect archeology chaos archives character characteristic charisma chemical chemist chemotherapy choir chlorine chord cholera chorus choreograph Christian Christmas chrome echo leprechaun loch mechanical melancholy monarch monochrome orchestra orchid psychic school scheme technical stomach technology technique

Silent K

Silent N

Silent P

Silent T

knapsack knack knead knave kneel knee knew knell knickers knife knight knit knob knock knoll knot know knowledge knuckle

autumn column condemn damn hymn solemn

psychology pneumonia pseudo psychiatrist cupboard raspberry psychiatry receipt

bristle apostle castle bustle glisten fasten jostle hustle listen moisten mortgage often nestle rustle soften thistle trestle whistle wrestle

Silent U

Silent W

baguette biscuit build built circuit disguise guess guest guide guild guile guillotine guilt guilty guise guitar rogue silhouette

playwright awry wrack sword wrap wrangle wrath wrapper wreak wreath wreck wreckage wren wrench wrest wrestle wretch wretched wriggle wring wrinkle wrist write writ wrong writhe wrought wrote wry wrung

1. Look at the underlined words given below and name the ‘part of speech’.

a. Benagreedthatthetasteofthevegetablewassomewhatagreeable.

b. Ididnotbuyvegetablesfromthesupermarketbecausetheywerenotfresh.

c. Thecookcookedadeliciousmealforthepatrons.

d. Thecookcookedadeliciousmealforthepatrons.

e. Thepainterdonatedhismostfamousworkforthebenefitofunderprivilegedchildren.

f. Awarmsmilespreadacrossherfacewhenshegotanadmissionintothemostprestigiousuniversity.

g.Alas,ifonlyhetookhisparents’wordofadvice.

h. Thelaundrymanwashedthenewclothesintepidwater.

i. Rohitwasaskedtomendhiswaysunless he wanted the principal to expelhim.

j. Thesecurityguardsaskedthemtoevacuatethepremisesbecauseofabombhoax.

2. Make sentences of your own with the words given below.

a. advice(asanoun)

....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 1(Linked to Lesson 1—Parts of Speech)

advise(asaverb)

....................................................................................................................

b. practice(asanoun)

....................................................................................................................

practise(asaverb)

....................................................................................................................

c. licence(asanoun)

....................................................................................................................

license(asaverb)

....................................................................................................................

d. park(asanoun)

....................................................................................................................

park(asaverb)

....................................................................................................................

1. Fill in the blanks by choosing appropriate ‘collective nouns’ from the boxes.

platoon

atlas slither wealth armada

convoy heap wad tribe

a. a…………………ofinformation

b. a…………………oflorries

c. an…………………ofmaps

d. a…………………ofcash

e. a…………………ofnatives

f. a…………………ofonlookers

g. a…………………ofsnakes

h. an…………………ofships

i. a…………………ofsoldiers

j. a…………………oftrash

2. Given below are a few words. Write their ‘abstract nouns’.

a. curious …………………..

b. intelligent …………………..

c.member …………………..

d. employ …………………..

Worksheet 2(Linked to Lesson 2—Abstract and Collective Nouns)

e. generous …………………..

f. know …………………..

g. happy …………………..

h. brother …………………..

i. scholar …………………..

j. strict …………………..

1. Match the columns.

a. fox lass

b. earl governess

c. founder cow

d. bull vixen

e. governor doe

f. bachelor countess

g. lad spinster

h. buck foundress

2. Given below are a few nouns. Write M if they are masculine, F if they are feminine, C if they are common or N if they are neuter in ‘gender’.

a. glass ……………………….

b. administratrix ……………………….

c. stallion ……………………….

d. spectator ……………………….

e. goose ……………………….

f. pupil ……………………….

g. comet ……………………….

Worksheet 3(Linked to Lesson 3—Gender)

h. baron ……………………….

i. nut ……………………….

j. speaker ……………………….

3. Write the appropriate ‘masculine’ and ‘feminine gender’ of the nouns given below.

Nouns Masculine Feminine

a. human …….........………. …….........……….

b. chicken …….........………. …….........……….

c. donkey …….........………. …….........……….

d. parent …….........………. …….........……….

e. horse …….........………. …….........……….

f. child …….........………. …….........……….

g. sheep …….........………. …….........……….

h. tiger …….........………. …….........……….

1. Fill up the columns with suitable ‘degrees of comparison’.

Positive Comparative Superlative

a. brave …….........………. …….........……….

b. kind …….........………. …….........……….

c. merry …….........………. …….........……….

d. ancient …….........………. …….........……….

e. little …….........………. …….........……….

f. forgetful …….........………. …….........……….

g. studious …….........………. …….........……….

h. quick …….........………. …….........……….

i. pleasant …….........………. …….........……….

j. ill …….........………. …….........……….

2. Complete the sentences by using the most appropriate form of the ‘adjectives’ given below.

a. Vir’suniformwas……………………..thanhisfriend’suniform.

i. white ii. whiter iii. whitest

b. Priyaisthe……………………..girlinherclass.

i. tall ii. taller iii. tallest

Worksheet 4(Linked to Lesson 4—Adjectives)

c. Priyaisa……………………..girl.

d. Priyais……………………..thanDivya.

e. ‘Thepathtoyourleftisthe……………………..ofall,’saidourguide.

i. narrow ii. narrower iii. narrowest

f. Theraspberryicecreamwejustatewasvery……………………...

i. creamy ii. creamier iii. creamiest

g. Thecaramelicecreamwas……………………..thantheraspberryicecream.

h. Thechocolateicecreamwasthe……………………...

i. Thesituationwas……………………..thantheythought.

i. grave ii. graver iii. gravest

j. Thekidsswimmingpoolwasthe……………………...

i. shallow ii. shallower iii. shallowest

1. Look at the ‘articles’ underlined below. Tick (ü) the sentences where it is used correctly and cross () the sentences where it is used incorrectly.

a. TheBerlinisabeautifulcity.

b. ThisisabouquetthatIwantformybirthday.

c. Theyrememberedthegoodolddayswhentheymetat theirreunion.

d. Thenovelyougiftedmewasdelightful.

e. Theywenttotheparkacrosstheirhouseforastroll.

f.WewillgotoaCentralParkforastroll.

g. Howmanyanhoursdoyouwatchtelevisiononanaverage?

h. Thespeakerextendedthelecturebyanhour.

i. Petersawanexpensivewatchintheshowroom.

j. Thealuminiumfoilwaswrappedaroundthefoodtokeep itfresh.

2. Circle the errors in the sentences given below and rewrite them correctly.

a. Eatingthehoneyisgoodforhealth.

....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 5(Linked to Lesson 5—Articles)

b. Theutensilsaremadeofthesteel.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

c. HisresearchwasfundedbyaGovernmentofIndia.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

d. ThescholarwentonasabbaticalintheJanuary.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

e. Thehonestyisthebestpolicy.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

f. Thegoldismoreexpensivethanthesilver.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

g. AnEarthisclosertotheMoonthantheSun.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

h. AKapoorsgoonvacationseverysummer.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

i. Theypurchasedaflourandaricefromthegrocerystore.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

j. AnChiefMinisterwillholdaprayermeetontheSaturday.

.................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

1. Fill up the columns.

Singular Plural

a. penny …….........……….

b. …….........………. jeans

c. goose …….........……….

d. …….........………. syllabi

e. cactus …….........……….

f. …….........………. species

g. half …….........……….

h. …….........………. echoes

i. mouthful …….........……….

j. …….........………. swine

k. gallows …….........……….

2. Write the ‘plural’ forms of the ‘singular’ words given below.

a. toothbrush .........................................................

b.milkman .........................................................

c. snowman .........................................................

d. spoonful .........................................................

Worksheet 6(Linked to Lesson 6—Singular and Plural)

e. attorneygeneral .........................................................

f. daughter-in-law .........................................................

g. take-off .........................................................

h. grandfather .........................................................

i. son-in-law .........................................................

j. chiefofstaff .........................................................

k. clove .........................................................

l. man-of-war .........................................................

1. Look at the words given below and fill up the columns.

carpetchivalry rain

cranefish oxygen

telescopecream humility

nail plastic feather

Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns

............................... ...............................

2. State whether the following nouns are ‘countable’ or ‘uncountable’.

a. friend ..................................

b. friendship ..................................

c. carton ..................................

Worksheet 7(Linked to Lesson 7—Countable and Uncountable Nouns)

d. cotton ..................................

e. business ..................................

f. businessman ..................................

g. garland ..................................

h. steel ..................................

i. generosity ..................................

j. time ..................................

3. Given below are a few nouns. Frame sentences with their ‘countable’ as well as ‘uncountable’ forms.

a. juice

Countable: .............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

Uncountable:.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

b. ink

Countable: .............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

Uncountable:.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

c. cloth

Countable: .............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

Uncountable:.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

d. bread

Countable: .............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

Uncountable:.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

e.marble

Countable: .............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

Uncountable:.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

f. coffee

Countable: .............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

Uncountable:.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

1. Circle the ‘pronouns’ in the sentences given below. Once done, state its type.

a.Williamhimselfcompletedtheholidayhomework.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

b. Severalpeopleappliedforthevacancy.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

c. Thesemarkerswereboughtfromawholesaleshop.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

d. ‘Whichwayisthemallroad?’askedSusan.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

e. Thenewplaywasenjoyedandappreciatedbyeverybody.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

f. Thechildrenthemselvespaintedthefence.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

g.Whowrotethelyricsforthissong?

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

h. Thevasethatwaskeptonthetablefellandbroke.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

Worksheet 8(Linked to Lesson 8—Pronouns)

i.Whatwasthenameofthenewathlete?

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

j. Theteamwashappywiththemselvesforhavingwonthechampionship.

Typeofpronoun:...............................................................

2. Complete the sentences by choosing appropriate indefinite ‘pronouns’.

a. Participationinthedebatewasopento............................

i. somebody ii. all iii. someone

b. Theteacheraskedaneasyquestionbut...........................gaveananswer.

i. each ii. everything iii. nobody

c. A...........................peoplewereabletocometotheparty.

i. some ii. few iii. many

d. ...........................ispossibleifyouputyourmindtoit.

i. Anything ii. Nothing iii. All

e. ...........................oftherottencakewasservedtothecustomers.

i. Few ii. Some iii. Any

f. ...........................wasreadytovouchforhiscompetence.

i. All ii. Each iii. Nobody

g. ...........................shouldalwayscarefortheirbelongingswhiletravelling.

i. None ii. One iii. Some

1. Choose a suitable ‘adverb’ for the types given below and frame a sentence each with the ‘adverb’ you chose.

a. Adverbofmanner:..................................................................................

Sentence:................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

b. Adverbofplace:......................................................................................

Sentence:................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

c. Adverboftime:.......................................................................................

Sentence:................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

d. Adverboffrequency:..............................................................................

Sentence:................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

e. Adverbofdegree:...................................................................................

Sentence:................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

f. Interrogativeadverb:..............................................................................

Sentence:................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

Worksheet 9(Linked to Lesson 9—Adverbs)

2. Underline the ‘adverbs’ in the sentences given below and identify their types.

a. Greta’smotheraskedhertolookforhermissingscarfcalmly.