Sheet Metalwork Tools and Processes Part 1

HAND SHEARS AND SNIPS

Prepared by: Mr. R. McFarlane

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Hand Shears

• Also known as tinman’s snips and are made of tool steel. They are used for cutting light-gauge materials such as tin plate (sheet metal). They must never be used for cutting wire. They come in different sizes and shapes. They are specified by their overall length, 200mm being a common size. The common shapes are straight, curved and universal pattern.

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Straight Snip

• Straight snips are used for straight edges and external curves.

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Curved Snip

• Curved snips are used for internal curves.

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Universal Pattern Snip

• These are strong, need infrequent sharpening and will cut most shapes.

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How to sharpen snips?

• Sharpen on the edges of the blade only at an angle of 5⁰.

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Grind here 5⁰

Stakes

• Stakes may be referred to as small anvils, as you use them for similar operations (shaping/forming sheet metals). They are made of wrought iron faced with steel.

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Hatchet Stake

• The hatchet stake is usually used to turn edges more than 90⁰.

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Bick Iron Stake

• The bick iron is used for cylindrical and conical work.

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Half-Moon Stake

• The half-moon is used for turning edges of circular or curved work.

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Funnel Stake

• The funnel stake is used for forming conical and cylindrical work.

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Round-Bottom Stake

• The round-bottom stake is used for shaping the circular or curved bottoms of circular work.

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Tinman’s Anvil Stake

• The tinman’s anvil is used to true flat work.

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Creasing Iron Stake

• The creasing iron is used for preparing beaded and wired edges.

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Extinguisher Stake

• When the bick iron is not suitable for light work, the extinguisher stake, which is shorter, is used.

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Other types of Stakes

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Horse and Stake Heads

Cow Tongue

Mushroom Head

Three-arm

Raising Stake

Anvil

• The anvil is made of iron or steel with the top hardened. Anvils are usually graded by weight. The anvil is placed on a cast iron stand or a solid block of wood. The bick (or beak) of the anvil has different shapes, which allows metal to be forged to the required shape.

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Anvil

• Other parts of the anvil include: the tool hole, which allows handles, swages and fullers to fit in the anvil; the punching hole; and the table, on which chiseling or cutting can be done.

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The Anvil and Stand

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Table

Rounded Edge

Bick Face

Punching Hole

Tool Hole (Hardie Hole)

Stand Throat

Summary

• Hand Shears (Definition)

• Types of Shears

• Sheet Metal Stakes

• Types of Stakes

technicalstudent.weebly.com

• McFarlane, R. (2015). Compilation of lesson notes on hand shears and stakes. Unpublished Work.

References

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