Seminario VIPerPlus - STMicroelectronics

ST Off-Line Power Supply

September 2011

Agenda

ST brief Introduction

Offline Common configurations

SMPS Fundamentals

SMPS Common Configurations

New VIPer+ Family

Roadmap

Products

Detailed description

New products

Magnetic Components

Layout Recommendations

Design Tools

ST brief introduction

50/50 JV with Ericsson

* Source: iSuppli-2008 rankings, ST and ST-Ericsson

Wireless:

Consumer:

#2 in Set Top Box

Computer:

#2 (HDD & Printers)

Automotive:

Industrial:

Products

Market Position*

Major Customers

Automotive, Consumer,

Computer and

Communication

Infrastructure (“ACCI”)

Industrial and

Multisegment Sector

(“IMS”)

Wireless

Entertainment

& Displays

Computer &

Communication

Infrastructure

Automotive

Products

Analog,

Power and

Microcontrollers,

Memories and

SmartcardsMajor Product Lines

Market Segments

Source: iSuppli, March 11th 2011

(x) * refers to M&A. Details provided on separate page.

2009Rank

2010Rank

Company Name2009

Revenue($)2010

Revenue($)

RevenuePercentChange

RevenuePercentof Total

RevenueCumulative

Percent

1 1 Intel 32,187 40,394 25.5% 13.3% 13.3%

2 2 Samsung Electronics 17,496 27,834 59.1% 9.2% 22.4%

3 3 Toshiba 10,319 13,010 26.1% 4.3% 26.7%

4 4 Texas Instruments (1) 9,671* 12,994 34.4% 4.3% 31.0%

Renesas Electronics (2) 5,15311,893* 130.8% 3.9% 34.9%

12 NEC Electronics 4,384

7 6 Hynix 6,246 10,380 66.2% 3.4% 38.3%

5 7 STMicroelectronics 8,510 10,346 21.6% 3.4% 41.7%

13 8 Micron Technology (3) 4,293* 8,876* 106.8% 2.9% 44.6%

6 9 Qualcomm 6,409 7,204 12.4% 2.4% 47.0%

14 10 Broadcom (4) 4,278 6,682* 56.2% 2.2% 49.2%

15 11 Elpida Memory 3,948 6,446 63.3% 2.1% 51.3%

8 12 AMD 5,207 6,345 21.9% 2.1% 53.4%

11 13 Infineon Technologies (5) 4,456* 6,319 41.8% 2.1% 55.5%

10 14 Sony (6) 4,468* 5,224 16.9% 1.7% 57.2%

18 15 Panasonic Corporation (7) 3,243* 4,946 52.5% 1.6% 58.8%

17 16 Freescale Semiconductor (8) 3,402* 4,357 28.1% 1.4% 60.3%

19 17 NXP (9) 3,240 4,028* 24.3% 1.3% 61.6%

23 18 Marvell Technology Group 2,572 3,633 41.3% 1.2% 62.8%

16 19 MediaTek 3,551 3,553 0.1% 1.2% 64.0%

20 20 nVidia 2,826 3,196 13.1% 1.1% 65.0%

Top 20 Companies 141,475 197,660 39.7% 65.0%

All Others 88,719 106,415 19.9% 35.0%

Total Semiconductor 230,194 304,075 32.1% 100.0%

2010 overall ranking

2010 ranking on ST SAM

2009Rank

2010Rank Company Name

2009Revenue

2010Revenue

RevenuePercentChange

RevenuePercentof Total

RevenueCumulative

Percent

1 1 Texas Instruments 9,671 12,994 34.4% 7.3% 7.3%

Renesas Electronics 5,14611,469 122.9% 6.4% 13.8%

9 NEC Electronics 4,119

2 3 STMicroelectronics 8,093 9,778 20.8% 5.5% 19.3%

4 4 Intel 5,721 7,233 26.4% 4.1% 23.3%

3 5 Qualcomm 6,409 7,204 12.4% 4.1% 27.4%

8 6 Broadcom 4,278 6,682 56.2% 3.8% 31.1%

7 7 Infineon Technologies 4,456 6,319 41.8% 3.6% 34.7%

6 8 Toshiba 5,053 5,659 12.0% 3.2% 37.9%

11 9 Samsung Electronics 3,279 4,348 32.6% 2.4% 40.3%

12 10 NXP 3,235 4,024 24.4% 2.3% 42.6%

18 11 Panasonic Corporation 2,428 3,647 50.2% 2.1% 44.6%

10 12 MediaTek 3,551 3,553 0.1% 2.0% 46.6%

17 13 Marvell Technology Group 2,458 3,472 41.3% 2.0% 48.6%

15 14 Freescale Semiconductor 2,537 3,204 26.3% 1.8% 50.4%

13 15 nVidia 2,826 3,196 13.1% 1.8% 52.2%

16 16 Fujitsu Semiconductor Limited 2,537 3,059 20.6% 1.7% 53.9%

14 17 Sony 2,810 2,999 6.7% 1.7% 55.6%

20 18 Analog Devices 2,091 2,862 36.9% 1.6% 57.2%

19 19 ROHM Semiconductor 2,286 2,776 21.4% 1.6% 58.7%

23 20 Maxim Integrated Products 1,657 2,367 42.8% 1.3% 60.1%

Top 20 Companies 80,522 106,845 32.7% 60.1%

All Others 59,587 70,997 19.1% 39.9%

Total Semiconductor 140,109 177,842 26.9% 100.0%

Source: iSuppli, March 11th 2011SAM = TAM – DRAM – Flash – MPU - Opto

Morocco

Malaysia

Manufacturing Locations

Philippines

Front-end fabs

Back-end fabs

(Shenzhen, Longgang)

(Agrate, Catania 6”& 8”)France

(Crolles I & II, Rousset, Tours)

Singapore 2009 sales : US$ 8.51 billion

2010 sales : US$ 10.346 billion

Approx. 53,000 employees in the group

15 main production sites

Advanced R&D centers in 10 countries

Innovation Investment

SMPS Fundamentals

Power Supply in Appliances

Power ranges from 3W to 15W

Non-isolated topologies are used where there

are no external electrical connection.

Isolated topologies are used where there is a

possibility of user touching electrical points.

Cost and simplicity are key drivers.

Topology

Topology Applied

Buck topology – ON time

Buck topology – Off time

Current/Voltage Waveforms

Buck Example

Buck/Boost, Negative Output

Negative Output Example

Continuous versus Discontinuous

Continuous refers to continuous current in the

inductor, there is always positive current flowing

in the inductor.

Inductor current

Load Current

Discontinuous refers to the inductor current

going to zero during every clock cycle.

Inductor current

Load Current

Discontinuous mode has higher peak currents.

Higher peak current lowers the efficiency.

Higher peak current increases the EMI energy.

EMI considerations for the Buck

EMI stands for ElectroMagnetic Interference and

is the result of noise generated by switching

devices.

EMI has two components, radiated and

conducted.

Radiated refers to the EMI that is “broadcast” into

the air by the module.

Conducted refers to EMI on the power line

emitted by the module.

EMI Considerations for the Buck

The buck has one switching point, the common

point of the two switches and the inductor.

A simple RC snubber at this switching point is

the most common method of reducing EMI (both

conducted and radiated).

Reduction of EMI

Snubber

Effect of Snubber on VS(t)

No snubber

With Snubber

T (ns)

Ringing causes big EMI numbers

Snubber lows frequency

and amplitude of ringing

50 100 150

FLYBACK

Topology

Topology Applied

Note: NP = # of primary turns

NS = # of secondary turns

Transformer relationship

Where NX = number of turns

LX = inductance of winding

Flyback topology – ON time

ON OFF ON OFF

Input DCOutput DC

SWPKQPT fILP 2

Flyback topology – OFF time

Input DCOutput DC

ON OFF ON OFF

Charge and discharge of the core

Drain Switching Waveforms (DM)

Drain Switching Waveforms (CM)

Diode Switching Waveforms

Current/Voltage Waveforms (discontinuous)

VIN+VO*NP/NS

-VO*NP/NS

VIN * NS/NP

Current/Voltage Waveforms (continuous)

VIN+VO*NP/NS

-VO*NP/NS

VIN * NS/NP

Quasi Resonant

VIN+VO*NP/NS

-VO*NP/NS

VIN * NS/NP

VIN+VO*NP/NS

-VO*NP/NS

VIN * NS/NP

Key difference between a

discontinuous mode flyback and

QR flyback:

1) There is no dead time in QR

flyback.

2) QR flyback is a variable frequency

scheme

EMI considerations for a Flyback

There are two commutation point in a flyback

The primary side power switch.

The secondary side diode switch

EMI is created only if there is a high frequency

power dissipation event.

For DM, the current is ~zero when the switch

turns on and the diode turns off.

Most of the EMI is generated when the switch

turns off and the diode turns on (the current is

highest).

Reducing EMI

High current tracks should be as short as possible

Area enclosed by high current loops, as indicated in red

should be minimized

It is recommended to place high current tracks close

each to other to compensate magnetic field and reduce

parasitic inductance

Use snubber to decrease dV/dt. Snubbers should be

placed with minimum trace lengths

Increase capacitance between primary and secondary

side of the transformer. Higher Leakage inductance

helps!!

Connect the VIPer Drain to the deepest primary winding

Reducing EMI

Auxiliary Supply

VIN = 160VVOUT = < 40V

VAUX = 12V

Why Auxiliary Supply (1/2)

The PWM control loop uses 10V/5mA for power.

If the power supply is the input bus (rectified line

voltage) and VDD is ~10V then the PWM loop

will draw (160V-10V)*5mA=7.5W

The secondary output can’t be used because

galvanic isolation is required

Auxiliary supply allows low power consumption

and galvanic isolation.

Cost is low.

Why Auxiliary Supply (1/2)

Transformer action will also apply between the

secondary voltage and the auxiliary voltage.

Fault tolerence when reference/opto fails: No

overvoltage seen at output.

Short circuit behavior: with aux winding the max

output power is limited, no need to oversize

secondary side components.

Flyback Example

Buck Vs Flyback

Lower cost

Less components

Designed based on

output current

Differential EMI critical

Outputs must be

inaccessible to users

Single output commonly

Flyback

Higher cost

Custom transformer

Designed based on

output power

Common mode EMI

critical

Users can touch output

connectors or output

power stages

Multiple outputs possible

Viper Family

Solutions for low-medium power SMPS

The best energy saving approach Minimized stand-by power

High efficiency

The most reliable approach Avalanche rugged power section

Integration of advanced protections

Thermal shutdown sensor located on power section

The most flexible approach Modular product: controller + power section

Packages’ design and development

The most profitable partner Continuous products’ innovation

Technical support (competence centers, documentations, software)

Excellence in quality and supply chain

Secondary Controllers

HV Converters

VIPer Plus.

Primary Controllers

DELIVER the

power to

Transformer’s

Primary

Rectification

RECTIFY Efficiently

(optional)

Replacement of the

REGULATE

Constant Voltage &

Current

(Adapters,

Chargers,..)

Controller + MOSFET

Solutions for low-medium power SMPS

New VIPer Plus family

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT / Lim

Function

+ Technology

+ Functionalities

+ Protections

= VIPer+

VIPer+

+ Technology

BCD6 controller technologyNEW

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

VIPER17CONT

CONTROL

On-Off

SOURCE

GndGnd1

On/Off

800V Power MOSFET

+ Functionalities

Current mode converter with ADJUSTABLE IDLIM set point

Frequency

Fixed (60kHz or 115kHz) with JITTERING for EMI reduction

Quasi Resonant operation with Frequency Fold-back function (x5)

SOFT START UP: IDLIM increased cycle by cycle

BURST MODE in low load condition with IDLIM fixed

ADJUSTABLE IDLIM set point

STAND BY consumption < 50 mW

+ Protections

Over voltage protection (OVP)

2nd over current protection (2nd OCP)

Over load protection (OLP)

Over temperature protection + hysteresis (OTP)

Brown out protection

Max Duty Cycle: 70%

AUTO RESTART

after every fault

condition

VIPer37

VIPer25

VIPer17 VIPer27

VIPer35VIPer15

VIPer28 VIPer38

VIPer16 VIPer26VIPer06

SMPS topology and main applications

High features - Isolated Fly-backAuxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,

major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,

Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by

Quasi Resonant - Isolated Fly-backAuxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,

Peak Power Isolated Fly-backDVD, Printer, ATX

Basic features – Isolated Fly-backAuxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,

Non Isolated convertersHome appliances, Small appliances, Lighting, Power

SSO10SDIP10

1W……. …….15W(1) / 30W(2)

Brown out

Over Load Delay

PWM operations with settable IDLIM

Over Voltage

Temperature

shut down

No auxiliary

Quasi ResonantFixed Frequency (60 or 115kHz) with

Jittering

Simplified

Non Isolated

2° OCP

Feedback

disconnection

Extra Power

Burst Mode

Soft start

VIPer x7 VIPer x8

Brown out

VIPer x5 VIPer x6Basic features

Auto restart

(fixed time)

Main features

800VAvalanche Rugged

Fixed Frequency(301 or 60 or 115kHz)

with Jittering

Latched a

Feedback

disconnection(option only for VIPer06)

Latched OVP(option for VIPer25LLD)

(1) 30kHz available only for VIPer06

VIPer37

VIPer25

VIPer17 VIPer27

VIPer15

VIPer28

VIPer16 VIPer26VIPer06

24 7 30 3 1

HV Converter Portfolio + Roadmap

VIPer50VIPer22

VIPer20VIPer12 VIPer100 VIPer53

Av.Rug.

18 30 5.5 3 1 730V

1 W (3)

6W(1) / 12W(2) 12W(1) / 24W(2)4W(1) / 8W(2) 15W(1) / 30W(2) 20W(1) / 35W(2) 30W(1) / 50W(2)

VIPer x7

VIPer x8

VIPer x5

VIPer x6

(1) Open frame, VIN = 85 - 264VAC ,

(2) Open frame, VIN = 230VAC ±20%,

(3) Achievable consumption at no load with Vin 264VAC

SSO10 & DIP7 SO16N & DIP7 SO16N & DIP7 SDIP10

under development, SOP planned within 2011

30 mW(3)

Tools availability

DatasheetTraining

(slides)

Application

Evaluation

Boards

e-Design

StudioSpreadsheet Spice Model

VIPer17 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

VIPer37 Preliminary YesUnder

development

development--

VIPer06 Preliminary YesUnder

development

development--

VIPer26 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes --

VIPer15 Yes Yes Yes YesUnder

development

development--

VIPer25 Yes Yes Yes YesUnder

developmentYes --

VIPer28 Yes Yes Yes Yes YesUnder

development

Evaluation Boards and ANs

VIPer 17 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference

VIPER17LN STEVAL-ISA058V1Isolated

Fly-back85-265 5W 5V / 1A AN2864 Stand-by PSU

VIPER17HN STEVAL-ISA060V1Isolated

Fly-back85-265 6W 12V / 0.5A AN2753 Stand-by PSU

VIPER17HN EVLVIP17-5WCHGIsolated

Fly-back90-265 5W 5V / 1A AN2840

Cell Phone

Battery Charger

VIPER17HN STEVAL-ILL017V1Isolated

Fly-back220 ±20% 3.5W 7V / 500mA AN2811 Led Driver

VIPER17HN STEVAL-ISA062V1Isolated

Fly-back85-265 5.5W

5V / 500mA

12V / 250mAAN2934 General Purpose

VIPER17HN EVLVIP27-7WLEDIsolated

Fly-back100-264 3.5W 10V / 350mA AN3212

High Power

Factor Led Driver

VIPER27LN EVLVIP27L-12WSIsolated

Fly-back85-265 12W 5V / 2.4A AN2929 Auxiliary PSU

VIPER27HN EVLVIP27H-12SBIsolated

Fly-back85-265 11W 5V / 2.2A AN3011 Auxiliary PSU

VIPER27HN EVLVIP27-7WLEDIsolated

Fly-back100-264 7W 10V / 750mA AN3212

High Power

Factor Led Driver

VIPER37xx TBDIsolated

Fly-back85-265 5V / 3A

VIPER37xx TBDIsolated

Fly-back85-265 12V / 1.3A

VIPER06LS

VIPER06HSUnder development

Non isolated

Fly-back85-265

12V / 300mA

option

( 5V /800mA)

TBD Home appliance

Under developmentIsolated

Fly-back85-265 TBD TBD Home Appliance

VIPER16LN STEVAL-ISA010V1Non isolated

buck converter85-500 1.8W

12V / 5V (post

reg.) / 150mAAN2872 Power Meter

VIPER16LN EVLVIP16L-4WFNNon Isolated

Fly-back85-265 4.5W 16V / 280mA

AN3028

draftHome appliance

VIPER16LN STEVAL-ISA071V1Non Isolated

Fly-back85-265 4W

- 5V / 400mA,

+7V / 160mAUM0920 Home appliance

VIPER16LN EVLVIP16L-5WFLIsolated

Fly-back85-265 5W 12 / 350mA databrief

Home appliance

Auxilairy PSU

VIPER16LD EVLVIP16LD-1W5 Non Isolated

buck converter85-265 1.8W

12V / 5V (post

reg.) / 150mAdatabrief

Small Home

Appliance

VIPER16HN EVLVIP16H-4WFNNon Isolated

Fly-back85-265 4.5W 16V / 280mA databrief Home appliance

VIPER26LD STEVAL-ISA081V1Primary

Regulation

Fly-back

85-265 12.5W 12V, 3.3V / 1A UM0984 Home appliance

VIPER15LN STEVALVIP15L-6W

Quasi-

Resonant

Isolated

Fly-back

90-265 VAC 6W 12V, 500mAAN3160

draftAuxiliary PSU

VIPER15LN EVLVIP15L-5WSB

Quasi-

Resonant

Isolated

Fly-back

90-265 VAC 5W 5V, 1A TBD Auxiliary PSU

VIPER25LN EVLVIP25L-10WSB

Quasi-

Resonant

Isolated

Fly-back

85-265 VAC 10W 5V, 2AAN3286

Auxiliary PSU

Power Meter

VIPER28LN EVLVIPER28L-10WIsolated

Fly-back85-265 VAC 12W 5V, 2.4A AN2950

Auxiliary PSU

Printer

VIPer06 / 16 /26

800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET

PWM controller with drain current limit IDlim

Adjustable current limit,IDlim

Fixed frequency with Jittering

high performance for stand-by & efficiency

No need of auxiliary winding

Automatic auto restart after faults

Hysteretic thermal shutdown

Direct feedback for non isolated SMPS

Replacement of capacitive power supply

Open loop protection

Main Features

Main parametersMAIN PARAMETERS

Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

Break down voltage [V] 800

RDSon [Ohm] 30 /24 / 7

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSC [KHz] 30 or 60 or 115

Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80

POUT [W]@ 85-265 VAC 4 / 6 / 12

(1) Package SO16N, 100mm2 of Cu

(2) Open Frame

controller ground / power MOSFET Source

controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current

Current limit set-up, IDlim .

direct voltage feedback (in case of non isolated SMPS)

Compensation network.

Current loop feedback in case of isolated SMPS

Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)

Not Connected

Pin description

GND VDDCOMP LIM

VIPER x6

Controller

Schematics with VIPerx6

FLY-BACK / Fixed Freq.

NON ISOLATED

Simplified feedback loopR3, R4

No Need auxiliary windingC4

Low cost EMI filterC1, C2, L1

Low cost clamp componentsR2,D2,C6

Default current limit400mA / 700mA

Short circuit protection

(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

GND VDDCOMP LIM

VIPER x6

Controller

FLY-BACK / FF

NON ISOLATED

Current limit set-up - RLIM

<400mA or <700mA

(automatic restart)RLIM

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

Stand-by optimization , 30 mWD4, R5

VOUT ≥ 12 V

FLY-BACK / FF

NON ISOLATED

(automatic restart)

GND VDDCOMP LIM

VIPER x6

Controller

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

Feedback disconnection

(automatic restart)

GND VDDCOMP LIM

VIPER x6

AC INVOUT

Controller

VOUT < 12 V

FLY-BACK / FF

NON ISOLATED

Need auxiliary windingC4 + AUX

(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

(automatic restart)

GND VDDCOMP LIM

VIPER x6

AC INVOUT

Controller

(automatic restart)

No need the optocoupler

FLY-BACK / FF

PRIMARY REGULATION

(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

GND VDDCOMP LIM

VIPER x6

AC INVOUT

Controller

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED

Minimum components count

(automatic restart)

GND VDDCOMP LIM

VIPER x6

AC INVOUT

Controller

(automatic restart)

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED

(automatic restart)

VIPer06 / 16 / 26

Stand-by optimization , 30 mWAUX + D4, R5

VIPer17 / 27 / 37

Main Features

Main parametersMAIN PARAMETERSPower MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

RDSon [Ohm] 24 / 7 / 4.5

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115

Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740 / 1050

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50

POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 6 / 12 / 15

(1) Package SO16N and 100mm2 of Cu

(2) Open Frame

PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.

Adjustable current limit, IDlim

Fixed Frequency with Jittering

High performance for stand-by & efficiency

Integrated protections: OVP, OLP, high OCP

Automatic auto restart after fault

Brown-out: minimum input voltage is settable

Pin description

* BR pin has the position 10 for VIPER17LD/HD (SO16N package)

OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.

current loop feedback

brown out set-up

Not Connected

30mW Stand-by

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED

Low cost EMI filterC1,C2, L1

Low cost clamp componentsR2,C6,D2

Short circuit protection No need ext components

2nd Over Current protectionNo need ext components

Default current limit400mA / 700mA / 1000mA

VIPer17 / 27 / 37

GND FBBR CONT

VIPER x7

Controller

+C2AC IN

<400mA or <700mA or <1000mA

30mW Stand-by

GND FBBR CONT

VIPER x7

Controller

+C2AC IN

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATEDVIPer17 / 27 / 37

Over Voltage Protection (VOUT)RLIM , ROVP , DOVP

<400mA or <700mA or <1000mA

30mW Stand-by

GND FBBR CONT

VIPER x7

Controller

+C2AC IN

FLY-BACK / FF

Brown out set-up (VINDC)R7,R8, C6

30mW Stand-by

GND FBBR CONT

VIPER x7

Controller

+C2AC IN

FLY-BACK / FF

<400mA or <700mA or <1000mA

Brown out set-up (VINDC)R7,R8, C6

30mW Stand-by

GND FBBR CONT

VIPER x7

Controller

+C2AC IN

FLY-BACK / FF

VIPer28

Main Features

Main parametersMAIN PARAMETERSPower MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

RDSon [Ohm] 7

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115

Max IDlim [mA] 850

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50

POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 12

(2) Open Frame

OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.

current loop feedback

Extra Power Time set-up

Not Connected

PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.

Fixed Frequency with Jittering

Extra Power Management

Pin description

Extra Power TimerCEPT

FLY-BACK / FF

ISOLATED

30mW Stand-by

GND FBEPT CONT

VIPER x8

Controller

+C2AC IN

VIPer28

VIPer15 / 25

Main Features Pin description

Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

RDSon [Ohm] 24 / 7

VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23

FOSClim [KHz]up to 150 (L type)

up to 225 (H type)

Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80

POUT [W] @ 85-26 VAC 6 / 12

(1) Package SO16N, 100mm2 of Cu

(2) Open Frame

Quasi-Resonant PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.

Feed-Forward compensation

Brown-out: minimum input voltage is settable

Zero Current Detection, Feed-Forward set-up, OVP set-up, IDlim set point.

Current loop feedback

Brown out set-up

Not Connected

Schematics with VIPer x5

Feed-ForwardRFF

FLY-BACK / Quasi Res.

ISOLATED

≤400mA or ≤700mA or ≤1000mA

Zero current Detection (QR)RLIM , ROVP , DOVP, RFF

30mW Stand-by

GND FBBR ZCD

VIPER x5

Controller

ROVPRFF

+C2AC IN

VIPer15 / 25

VIPER+ DETAILLE

2 Dies

Give flexibility to get the best technology for each

section

Power MOSFET in SuperMESH Technology

BCD6 controller technology

CONTROL

On-Off

SOURCE

GndGnd1

On/Off

BR/EPT

Power SECTION: 800V BVDSS

Leakage inductance contributes to the power

dissipation

PL=1/2LL(Ipk)2fSWVclamp/(Vclamp-Vfl)

Vclamp

tOff time On time

High Vclamp reduces power loss

VDD pin (IC supply)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT+~/ ZCD* / LIM^

VIPerx5*

Viper16^

VIPerx7+

VIPerx8~ BR*+ / EPT

~/ COMP^

VDD pin: What you can do?

To manage the power supply start-up

HV start up current generator & soft start

To keep alive the VIPer’s supply

wide range voltage

Viperx5, x7 & x8 (from 8.5V to 23V)

Viperx6 (from 11.5V to 23V)

To manage the power supply auto-restart

with special low restart current from the HV start up current

generator

To manage the Power supply turn-off

when VDD<8.5V and VDRAIN<80V, Viperx5, x7 & x8

when VDD<11.5V and VDRAIN<50V, Viperx6

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

winding

HV start up

VDD pin: IC turn-on & turn-off

VDD_ON

Fsw = 60 KHz

VDD(max

VDD_OF

VDD(restart)

Fsw = 0 KHz Fsw = 0 KHz

VDRAIN _START= 80V

VDD SOFT

VDD pin: IC auto-restart with fault

LOW controller consumptions LOW restart repetition rate

VDD_ON

Fsw = 0 KHz Fsw =

60 KHz

VDD(max

VDD_OF

VDD(restart)

Fsw = 0 KHz

IDS_CH =0.6 mA

60 KHzFsw

IDD_FAULT = 300 uA

IDD_OFF = 250 uA

SOFT START UP

Advantages :

Reduce the stress on the transformer

Improving of the VIPer and system and reliability

Soft start zone with

growing IDLIM valueSteady stateTransient

8.5 ms

IDRAIN

VFBVFB_olp

VFB_lin

FB pin (Viperx5, x7 & x8 )

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT+~/ ZCD*

VIPerx5*

VIPerx7+

VIPerx8~

BR*+ / EPT~

FB pin: What you can do?

To make the current mode control loop

Error Amplifier Input

To fix the loop stability

Only in Viperx5, x7 & x8

To manage the Over Load Protection

To enter the Burst Mode

FB pin: IDRAIN versus VFB

IDRAIN

OVER LOADCURRENT MODE CONTROLBURST MODE

VFB_bm

drain current is

depending from

the load

OLPShut down

VFB_bm- VFB_bm_hysVFB_lin VFB_olp

FB pin: Current mode & loop stability

Linear range: VFB from VFB_bm +VFB_bm_hys to VFB_lin

CFB or CFB , RFB , CFB1 fixes the loop stability

Sense FET

PWM logicIFB

The optocoupler current and the

IFB current are depending from

the output load

The drain current is compared

with IFB in order to drive the PWM

CFB1RFB

FB pin: Over load protection

VFB ≥ VFB_lin , V max load has been reached and the FB voltage is

controlled

VFB = VFB_lin, 3uA current starts charging CFB

VFB = VFB_olp, Power section is switched off for over load after the

OLP delay

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

VIPERx5

VIPERx7

VIPERx83 A

OLP delay

linFBolpFB

VFB_olp

VFB_lin

FB pin: OLP delay, why?

IMMUNITY to over load NOISE during the normal operation

IMMUNITY to false OLP and incorrect switch off before the

converter’s steady state conditions

FB pin: Burst Mode working mode

Converter frequency reduction by packets operation

STAND-BY mode: less than 30 mW with optimezed psu design

VFB_bm- VFB_bm_hys

FB & COMP pin (Viperx6)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

Viper16^

FB & COMP (only for non isolated topology)

Fly-back non isolated

Buck-Boost

FB pin = EA input

COMP pin = EA output

FB pin takes the feedback directly from VOUT

FB voltage is compared with the EA reference

Loop is compensated by RCC to COMP pin

PWM is performed comparing the EA output (COMP) with sense FET.

FB & COMP (only for isolated smps)

Fly-back isolated with optocoupler

FB pin = GND => EA disabled

COMP pin takes the feedback from optocoupler

Loop is compensated by RCC to COMP pin

PWM is performed comparing the COMP signal with sense FET.

PWM dynamic VCOMPL – VCOMPH

V(COMP) < VCOMPL – 50mV => Burst Mode

V(COMP) > VCOMPH => Current Limited to IDlim

FB & COM: Burst Mode working mode

STAND-BY mode: less than 50 mW with optimezed psu

design

Activated when COMP voltage decreases

Low load

FB & COMP: Open loop failure protection

(with aux winding)

NON-ISOLATED If RUP is opened:

V(OUT) increases and then V(VDD) increases (coupled by aux winding)

I(DRAIN) = Idlim

VDD pin has inside a clamp:

If V(VDD) reaches the VDDclamp level and the injected current, IDD, exceeds the latch

threshold, IDDol, a fault signal is generated*

If RDOWN is opened:

V(OUT) is clamped to VREF_FB (3.3V typ)

ISOLATED If RUP is opened:

V(OUT) increases and then V(VDD) increases (coupled by aux winding)

I(DRAIN) = IDlim

VDD pin has inside a clamp: If V(VDD) reaches the VDDclamp level and the injected current, IDD, exceeds the latch threshold, IDDol, a fault signal is

generated*

If RDOWN is opened: V(OUT) is clamped to the voltage reference

FB & COMP: Open loop failure protection

(with aux winding)

CONT pin (Viperx7 & x8 )

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT+~

VIPerx7+

VIPerx8~

BR+ / EPT~

CONT pin: What you can do?

To choose the IDLIM level (RLIM)

To fix the Over Voltage Protection (RLIM & ROVP, DOVP)

Auxiliary

winding

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

BR / EPT

VIPERx7VIPERX8

CONT pin: IDLIM set point

Advantages :

Transformer optimization and accurate OLP.

Flexibility vs design changes

Flexibility vs different Projects (stock optimization)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

0 20 40 60 80 100

RLIM [K ]

whitout

)VIPERx7VIPERX8

BR / EPT

CONT pin: Over Voltage Protection

Auxiliary

winding

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

VDDVIPerx7VIPerx8

KRLIM 100

DOVPDSECOVP

OVPOVP

VVVoutN

OVPLIMOVP

1 VCONT = VOVP= 3V

KRLIM 50

BR / EPT

LIM pin (Viperx6)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

Viper16^

LIM pin: What you can do?

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

0 20 40 60 80 100

RLIM [K ]

whitout

VIPERx6

RLIM>100 kOhm or pin float:

IDlim default (typ, 400mA)

RLIM< 80 kOhm:

IDlim decreased continuously according to the current

sunk from the LIM pin

ZCD pin (Viperx5)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

VIPerx5*

ZCD pin: What you can do?

Transformer demagnetization Sensing (Zero Voltage Detection)

To fix the Over Voltage Protection (RLIM & ROVP, DOVP)

To have dynamic IDLIM Adjustment for almost constant maximum

power versus converter input voltage (Voltage Feed Forward

function)

Auxiliary

winding

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

VIPERx5

ZCD pin: IDLIM set point

Advantages :

Transformer optimization and accurate OLP.

Flexibility vs design changes

Flexibility vs different Projects (stock optimization)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

0 20 40 60 80 100

RLIM [K ]

whitout

VIPERx5

ZCD pin: Over Voltage Protection

Auxiliary

winding

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

VDDVIPerx5

KRLIM 100

DOVPDSECOVP

OVPOVP

VVVoutN

OVPLIMOVP

1 VCONT = VOVP= 3V

KRLIM 50

ZCD pin: Power MOSFET turn on

ZCD LOWER CLAMP

ARMING LEVEL

TRIGGER LEVEL

Turn on DELAY

IDRAIN

The Power MOSFET turn on is controlled by the ZCD pin. Turn off

Auxiliary

winding

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

VIPERx5

DEGMAGNETIZATION PHASE

Steady state operation

POWER Capability and switching frequency

In quasi resonant Flyback converter the

switching frequency changes with:

Input Voltage

Where fT is:

Where fr is:

BR pin (IC supply)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT+/ ZCD*

VDD VIPerx5*

VIPerx7+

BR pin: What you can do?

To interdict the switching during low input voltage (VIN)

VIN(OFF) and VIN(ON) thresholds can be separately fixed by the

current hysteresis

Brownout protection input with hysteresis.

A voltage below the threshold VBRth shuts down (not latch) the

device and lowers the power consumption.

Device operation restarts as the voltage exceeds the threshold

VBRth + VBRhyst.

Advantages

Reduce the RMS current

Guaranty monotonic output voltage decreasing during the

converter turn off

BR pin: VIN(ON) & VIN(OFF)

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT / ZCD

DRAINVDD

VIPERx5

VIPERx7R1

IBR_hyst

450 mV

VIN(ON)

VIN(OFF)

IBR_hyst

100 mV

FSW = 60 KHz FSW = 60 KHzFSW = 0 KHz

LHHYSBRBRthONIN IR

RRVVV _

LHBRthOFFIN

BR pin: To disable the Brown out

450 mV

100 mV

VIN(ON)

VIN(OFF)

IBR_hyst

Brown out

disable level

FSW = 60 KHz

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT /ZCD

DRAINVDD

VIPERx5

VIPERx7

EPT pin (Viperx8 )

GND / SOURCE DRAIN

CONT+~

VIPerx8~

EPT pin: What you can do?

Give extra out power for programmed time

IDLIM = 750mA

IDLIM_EPT = 85% IDLIM =650mA

IDRAIN> IDLIM_EPT ;5 A charges CEPT and

Vout is regulated

VEPT(STOP)

VEPT(RESTART)

V (EPT)

Operations restarts here

GND DRAIN

VIPerx8VDD

2nd OCP - IC PROTECTION

Present in Viperx5, Viperx7 & Viperx8

To latch the power after extra drain current…, upper than IDLIM

Noise filter with latch after the 2nd event (i.e. during the ESD)

AUTOMATIC AUTORESTART after the 2nd OCP latch

Advantages

Protection from SHORT CIRCUIT in secondary diode

Protection from HEAVY TRANSFORMER SATURATIONS

System RELIABILITY

TBLANK

2nd OCP

IDRAIN

ALTAIR & HVLED

Optoless Current & Voltage Controllers

Device objective – Standard configuration

Accurate CC-CV regulation

Need dedicated CV-CC regulator

Need secondary components and opto

Power dissipation on sense resistor

Expensive solution

ST - Proposed configuration

Control of output voltage and current entirely from

primary side

Save all secondary regulation components (voltage

reference, error amplifiers, optocoupler, sense resistor)

Technology

BCD6 controller technologyWith OTP (one time programmable) trimming

function available for the end user

ZCD/FB

CONTROL

On-Off

SOURCE

On/Off

800V Avalanche Ruggedness Power MOSFET

in SuperMESH Technology

Main electrical parameters – HVLED805

Main Features

Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

RDSon [Ohm] 11

VDD [V] 11.5 ÷ 23

FOSC [KHz] Up to 166 kHz

Restart time during burst mode( 500us

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80

POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 5

SOURCE

Power section Source

controller ground

Current loop reference

Zero Current Detection

Compensation network

Power section Drain

Pin description

800V, avalanche rugged power section

QR current-mode PWM controller in BCD6 technology

Constant voltage and constant current output regulation (CV/CC) with no optocoupler

Optimized for LED

Integrated protections: 2nd OCP, open loop protection (brownout) OLP, high OCP

Main electrical parameters – ALTAIR05T-800

Main Features

Power MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

RDSon [Ohm] 11

VDD [V] 11.5 ÷ 23

Restart time during burst mode(1) 500us

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (2) 80

POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 6

(1) Also 125us, 250us and 1ms available

SOURCE

controller ground

ZCD/FB

Zero Current Detection, Cvregulation, FF compensation

Cable Drop Cpmplensation

Power section Drain

Pin description

N.A. CDC

SOURCE DRAIN

SOURCE

ZCD/FB

N.A. CDC

SOURCE DRAIN

SOURCE

ZCD/FB

Main electrical parameters – ALTAIR04-900

Main parameters

(1) Also 125us, 250us and 1ms available

SOURCE

controller ground

ZCD/FB

Zero Current Detection, Cvregulation, FF compensation

Power section Drain

Main Features Pin description

MAIN PARAMETERSPower MOSFET

(SuperMESH)

CONTROLLER

(BCD6S)

RDSon [Ohm] 16

VDD [V] 11.5 ÷ 23

Restart time during burst mode(1) 500us

RTHJ-A [°C/W] (2) 50

POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 5

N.C.N.C.

SOURCE DRAIN

SOURCE

ZCD/FB

N.C.N.C.

SOURCE DRAIN

SOURCE

ZCD/FB

Typical load regulation cv/cc: high accuracy

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Output Current [mA]

HV Startup is ON

High current accuracy:

High voltage accuracy

+/-2.5%

CV Mode – Principe of operations

An accurate image of the output voltage can be obtained by sampling the voltage of the auxiliary winding right at the end of transformer’s demagnetization. We use our proprietary technique to do the job.

CC Mode – Principe of operations

I REFOUT

Valid in DCM only

Iout not depend on either Vin, Vout or Fsw

Layout Recommendations

Viper Family

Layout Rules

Some simple rules insure a correct running of

switching power supplies. They may be classified

into two categories:

To minimize power loops

Split low level signals and power

Thermal management is important too, consider:

Copper in Drain pin for thermal dissipation

Helps for instantaneous thermal peaks

Dissipates heat from Drain

Layout Rules

To minimize power loops:

The way the switched power current must be carefully analyzed

and the corresponding paths must present the smallest possible

inner loop area. This avoids radiated EMC noises, conducted

EMC noises by magnetic coupling, and provides a better

efficiency by eliminating parasitic inductances, especially on

secondary side.

To use different tracks for low level signals and power

The interferences due to a mixing of signal and power may result

in instabilities and/or anomalous behavior of the device in case of

violent power surge (Input overvoltages, output short circuits...).

Viper Loops

In case of VIPer, these rules apply as shown:

Loops that must be minimized:

C1-T1-U1

C5-D2-T1

C7-D1-T1

C6 must be as close as possible to T1

C2, ISO1, C3 and C4 use a dedicated track to be

connected directly to the source of the device

Viper Loops

Viper Loops Analysis

Schematic for Loop Analysis

Loop Analysis

Layout for Loop Analysis

Loop A, High Voltage

Loop B, Low Signals

Loop C, Small signal GND

Loop D, Output

Y Capacitor, Primary & Secondary

As close as possible to Transformer

e-DESIGN

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Energy saving VIPerPlus: HV switching regulator for ...€¦ · Energy saving VIPerPlus: HV switching regulator for flyback converter Datasheet - production data Figure 1: Typical

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