1. Formationa. Weatheringb. Erosionc. Depositiond. Compactione. Cementation

*LITHIFICATION=process to make sedimentary rocks*

a. Weathering – the breakdown of material at the Earth’s surface.g

i. The weathered material is

calledSEDIMENT.

Did you Know?

¾ of rocks on the Earth’s

surface are sedimentary

?!?!

ii. Sediment size varies – mud, sand,

gravel

b. Erosion – movement of sediment from on place to another by WIND, WATER, or ICE.

c. Deposition – dropping off the sediment in a new location.

Deposition of the Mississippi

Now it’s time to put them together!

d. Compaction (Squeezing)

e. Cementation (Gluing)

II. Types of Sedimentary Rocks

A. Clastic

Made from sediment such as clay, gravel, or sand

i. Sand becomes sandstone

Did you Know?

The white house is built

of

sandstone!

ii. Clay and mud become shale

iii. Gravel becomes conglomerate.

B. Organic sedimentary rock is formed from previously living things.

i. Limestone – ocean life

ii. Coal – plant life on land

4. Chemical sedimentary rock is formed from a chemical reaction such as water evaporating and leaving rocks

behind.

i. Mineral crystals left behind in Death Valley after the water evaporates

ii. Playa Lake in California – in the process of evaporating and leaving chemical rock behind

Mammoth Cave in Kentucky!!!!!