Post on 24-Jul-2020
© 2008 San Diego Gas & Electric Company. All copyright and trademark rights reserved
SDG&E’s Smart Green Grid VisionThomas Bialek, PhD, PE
Chief Engineer Technology Innovation Development
May 6, 2009
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Sempra Energy Overview
•Comprehensive energy services company based inSan Diego
Sempra Utilities
SouthernCalifornia Gas
San DiegoGas & Electric
Sempra Global
SempraCommodities
SempraGeneration
Sempra Pipelines& Storage Sempra LNG
Sempra Energy
Regulated utilityproviding service to 3.4million consumers
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Business Overview
Data as of December 31, 2007
IMAGE AREA(may contain multiple images)
California
Southern CaliforniaGas Company
San DiegoGas & Electric
•Largest energy utilitycustomer base in US withover 7.6 million metersserving 29 millioncustomers
•24,000 square miles ofservice territory
•6.5 million gas meters•1.4 million electric meters•SoCalGas is the largest
natural gas distributionutility in nation
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Electric T&D Facilities
•Transmission (500 kV, 230 kV, 138 kV & 69 kV)•1,798 miles overhead•70 miles underground•14,126 structures•17 substations•199 tie-lines
•Distribution (4 kV & 12 kV)•9,351 miles underground (60%)•6,885 miles overhead (40%)•220,362 wood poles•260 substations•952 circuits
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Distribution One Line
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Smart Green Grid Scopeenables new behaviors thatdrive value
•Electric grid evolves toincorporate advances incommunication systems,operational technologies andinformation technologies
•Ubiquitous communicationsbackbone•Distributed sensors•New and/or automated control
methodologies•Real-time ratings
•Operational technologies•Alternative system designs•Distributed Energy Resources•Predictive and condition
based maintenance•Information technologies
•Asset optimization•Operational excellence•Customer participation
ScopeDetect emerging problems and fixthem before they seriously impactquality of service.
Incorporate extensivemeasurements, rapidcommunications, advanceddiagnostics, and feedback controlto return the system stability
Reroutes power flows, changeload patterns, improve voltageprofiles, and take othercorrective steps, within secondsof detecting a problem.
Enable consumers and utilities toadjust loads and distributedresources to integrate withoperations.
Use modern tools to improvedesign and operation withreliability, security, efficiency,and safety as fundamental values
Behavior
To utility Operations, asset
management, distributedgeneration
To consumer Real-time access: information,
choicesTo society
Renewables, jobs, marketopportunities
To regulators Aging assets, competition,
modern economy,environment, reduceddependence on petro
To environment Peak shifting, peak shaving,
reduced emissions
Value
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Attributes of theSmart Green Grid
Self-healing A grid able to rapidly detect, analyze, respond
and restore from perturbations.
Empower and incorporate the consumer The ability to incorporate consumer equipment
and behavior in the design and operation of thegrid.
Tolerant of attack A grid that mitigates and stands resilient to
physical and cyber security attacks.
Provides power quality needed by 21stcentury users A grid that provides a quality of power consistent
with consumer and industry needs.
Accommodates a wide variety ofgeneration options A grid that accommodates a wide variety of local
and regional generation technologies (includinggreen power).
Fully enables maturing electricity markets Allows competitive markets for those who want
them.
Optimizes assets A grid that uses IT and monitoring to continually
optimize its capital assets while minimizingoperations and maintenance costs.
Grid-wide integrated communications Internet for the power grid
Sensing, metering, measurement Digital two-way communication devices Enable generation connect and disconnect Enhance operator information
Advanced control capabilities Computer based grid monitoring Enables dispatch of distributed resource
Advance grid components Energy storage Distributed generation
Decision Support Analytics to guide grid operators Semi-autonomous agent software
Func
tion
al
Tech
nolo
gy
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Modern Grid Initiative
PerformanceEmergencyRestorationRoutine OperationsOptimizationSystemsPlanning
Principle CharacteristicsSelf-healingEmpowers and incorporates theconsumerTolerates security attackProvides 21st century power qualityAccommodates a wide variety ofgeneration optionsFully enables electricity marketsOptimizes asset use; minimizesO&M expenses
Key TechnologiesIntegrated communicationsAdvanced control methodologiesSensing, metering, and measurementAdvanced grid componentsDecision support and human interfaces
MetricsCongestion costsBlackout probabilitySAIFIRestoration timeCAIDIPeak-to-average load ratioCapacity utilization
Key Success FactorsReliabilitySecurityEconomicsPower qualityEfficiency andenvironmental qualitySafety
PrincipleCharacteristics
Performance
Metrics
KeyTechnologies
KeySuccessFactors
PerformanceEmergencyRestorationRoutine OperationsOptimizationSystemsPlanning
Principle CharacteristicsSelf-healingEmpowers and incorporates theconsumerTolerates security attackProvides 21st century power qualityAccommodates a wide variety ofgeneration optionsFully enables electricity marketsOptimizes asset use; minimizesO&M expenses
Key TechnologiesIntegrated communicationsAdvanced control methodologiesSensing, metering, and measurementAdvanced grid componentsDecision support and human interfaces
MetricsCongestion costsBlackout probabilitySAIFIRestoration timeCAIDIPeak-to-average load ratioCapacity utilization
Key Success FactorsReliabilitySecurityEconomicsPower qualityEfficiency andenvironmental qualitySafety
PerformanceEmergencyRestorationRoutine OperationsOptimizationSystemsPlanning
PerformanceEmergencyRestorationRoutine OperationsOptimizationSystemsPlanning
Principle CharacteristicsSelf-healingEmpowers and incorporates theconsumerTolerates security attackProvides 21st century power qualityAccommodates a wide variety ofgeneration optionsFully enables electricity marketsOptimizes asset use; minimizesO&M expenses
Principle CharacteristicsSelf-healingEmpowers and incorporates theconsumerTolerates security attackProvides 21st century power qualityAccommodates a wide variety ofgeneration optionsFully enables electricity marketsOptimizes asset use; minimizesO&M expenses
Key TechnologiesIntegrated communicationsAdvanced control methodologiesSensing, metering, and measurementAdvanced grid componentsDecision support and human interfaces
Key TechnologiesIntegrated communicationsAdvanced control methodologiesSensing, metering, and measurementAdvanced grid componentsDecision support and human interfaces
MetricsCongestion costsBlackout probabilitySAIFIRestoration timeCAIDIPeak-to-average load ratioCapacity utilization
MetricsCongestion costsBlackout probabilitySAIFIRestoration timeCAIDIPeak-to-average load ratioCapacity utilization
Key Success FactorsReliabilitySecurityEconomicsPower qualityEfficiency andenvironmental qualitySafety
Key Success FactorsReliabilitySecurityEconomicsPower qualityEfficiency andenvironmental qualitySafety
PrincipleCharacteristics
Performance
Metrics
KeyTechnologies
KeySuccessFactors
PrincipleCharacteristics
PrincipleCharacteristics
PerformancePerformance
MetricsMetrics
KeyTechnologies
KeyTechnologies
KeySuccessFactors
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Vision Statement
• will provideenvironmental and economic benefit bytransforming the energy value chain viaan evolving energy and informationnetwork that is resilient, open, anddynamic; enabling the activeparticipation of customers, utilities, andsuppliers in energy usage and supplydecisions.
“Green”
Resilient
Quality-focused
Opportunistic
Motivating
Accommodating
Efficient
Intelligent
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Energy Flow
Future Vision - SDG&E’s
Smart Market Smart Utility Smart Customer
Wind
Nuclear
Fossil ConditionBasedMaintenance
Mobile Field ForceBattery Storage Self-HealingGrid
Smart HouseWith Solar
Plug-In Hybrid
Home EnergyControl Device
Fuel Cell
Smart Office
Solar
Smart Meter
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What does it mean to keyStakeholders?
• Effectively manageenergy to meetspecificpersonal/householdgoals such as cost,availability, andenvironmental impact
•Generate their ownelectricity and sell itback to the grid
• Reduction in utilitybills
• Prevent outagesbefore they occur bysensing potentialfailures
• Reduce peak load bycommunicating withcustomers
• Extend asset life bysensing and managingthe stress placed onaging equipment
• Reducing powerdemand to takeadvantage of off-peaksupply such as wind
•Maintain a sufficient,cost effective powersupply while managingstringent GHGemissions
• Use of ElectricVehicles will reduceGHG contribution
Customer Utility Environment
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Foundational To Smart GridS
MA
RT
GR
ID
Optimize use oftechnology to improve
service to customers andoperational efficiency
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SDG&E Smart MeterProgram
•$572 million capital project installing1.4 million electric and 900,000 gasmeters in service territory by Q4 2011•Two-way communication meters•Remote disconnect and Home Area
Network capability•Opportunity for real-time pricing and in-
home servicesInitial Test Phase - 5kMeters to be Installed
Q2 2008
Begin Mass Meter Installation
Q2 2009
Complete MeterInstallation
Q4 2011
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Final CPUCDecision
April 2007
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OpEx 20/20 –Smart Grid Foundation
•OpEx 20/20 includes 20 enterprise technology and process initiativesthat will upgrade capabilities over a 15 year period in:•Transmission & Distribution for Electric and Gas Operations•Back-office Field and Mapping Support•Customer Services Field•Customer Contact Centers•IT Infrastructure and Network
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OpEx 20/20 Initiatives
Our Customers
Our Assets
Our Field Processes
Geographic Info System (GIS)Asset Mgmt SystemOutage Mgmt SystemCondition Based Maintenance Operational Analytics
Outbound DialingEnhanced Self-Service Options
Work Mgmt SystemForecast/Schedule/Dispatch/MobileReal-time RoutingElectronic Design
Service Oriented ArchitectureEncryption & AuthenticationIdentity & Access ManagementEnterprise Info & Analytics
TechnologyFoundations
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•Operational initiatives•Outage Management System/Distribution Management System•Condition Based Maintenance –Smart Substations•Feeder automation system technologies
•Pilots of autonomous, automated switching, 7 circuits 2nd Q09 (self-healing)
•Department Of Energy funded Smart Grid Research•Grid Design: Utility-owned DG and Consumer-owned DG
•Pending CEC funded Smart Grid Research
•Other Smart Grid Initiatives•Advanced conductor R&D•DER incorporated into the planning process•Real Time Phasor Measurement Data•Real Time Equipment Ratings•Distribution Fault Location•Predictive Analytics
•Green Initiatives•Sustainable Communities•PHEV
Smart Green GridInitiatives
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•Key points•The OMS/DMS initiative will identify the area and customers out of
service and enable faster restoration times
•The OMS/DMS initiative will enable enhanced monitoring of thedistribution system, resulting in controlling actions to mitigate voltage andpower flow problems
•The OMS/DMS initiative is a key enabler to future Smart Gridapplications
•Why is this so important?•The enhanced control of the distribution system results in increased
public safety, better response to adverse events and increased operatorsituational awareness
What is OMS/DMS?
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Current StateFuture State
Manually Design Switching plans toresolve un-planned outages usingmanually maintained operatingmaps
Select Switching Plan fromautomatically calculated scenarios.Uses Real Time Information fromSCADA and CBM monitors
OMS/DMS
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Smart Substations
• Use technology (hardware/software) to assess the condition andperformance of substation transformers and breakers to makebetter maintenance decisions
• Technology: Sensors will provide diagnostic information to facilitate amore focused maintenance strategy
• Software will enable analysis of measured data•Maintenance is shifted from “Time-Based”to
an “As-Needed”basis
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Project Vision
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•Implementation of Feeder Automation SystemTechnology (FAST) Pilot•First step towards implementation of the Smart
Grid/Self-Healing concept•Switches on the SDG&E electric distribution system will
operate automatically•Piloting two different approaches•Decentralized –Uses distributed intelligence with point to point
communications•Centralized –Uses the SCADA Master for direct point to multi-point
communications with switches in the field
Self-Healing Grid
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Self Healing GridCentralized Approach
•Relies on existing hardware•Relies on existing communication system•Software costs & Circuit modeling costs
SCADA Master 42-4
442
-45A
E
SCADAMate
SCADAMate
Substationfault
416-
T2-5
51
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Self Healing GridDe-centralized Approach
•Requires specific field hardware•Localized communication•Limited software and circuit modeling costs
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Stepping Over theThreshold: The Next 10Years
•Smart Meters•Microgrid•Technology
Upgrades•Solar and Other
Renewables•Sunrise Powerlink
Smart Green Grid
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Energy Storage Perspective -Wind
figure 2. Wind turbine power curve.Typical Output of Wind Turbine Versus Wind Speed
120%100% Typical Operation
80%60% Fast Ramp Cutoff
40%20%0%
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30Wind Speed ( m/s)
56 IEEE power & energy magazine march/april 2009
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Energy Storage Perspective -Wind
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Energy Storage Perspective -Solar
From a SunPower Presentation
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Energy Storage Perspective –Electric Vehicles
“This morning, we are announcing our partnership with Nissan to help bring one-hundredall-electric vehicles to San Diego. This regional partnership is aimed at assessing zeroemission mobility for the San Diego region, and the first step in delivering all the benefitsthat can come along with it a reality. In this partnership, SDG&E and SANDAG willcoordinate the deployment of electric vehicles throughout the region. SDG&E has enteredinto this agreement to lead the charge for the region, and assist others in incorporatingthese vehicles into their fleets and daily.”
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SEu Smart Grid ProjectsTo-Date
Includes projects pending CPUC approval
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013DOE/CEC Microgrid
Solar Power Initiative
Sustainable Communities
Self Healing Grid Pilot
PHEV Integration
Grid Communications
Enhanced Outage and Distribution Management
Smart Substations
Geographic Information System
Asset Investment
Customer Enhancements
Mobile Field Force Deployment
Smart Metering - SDG&E
Smart Metering - Gas
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Practical Implementation?
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Roadmap Approach
Opt
imiz
esA
sset
san
dO
pera
tes
Effi
cien
tly
Sel
f-H
ealin
g
VISION Key Strategic Themes
Current and Future Projects & Initiatives
2020
Utility
Customer
Regulator
3rd Party
The Smart Green Grid is a business transformation that has distinct keythemes at different phase of development.
Mot
ivat
es&
Incl
udes
the
Cus
tom
er
Res
istA
ttack
s
Pro
vide
sP
ower
Qua
lity
for
21st
Cen
tury
Nee
ds
Acc
omm
odat
esA
llG
ener
atio
nan
dS
tora
geO
ptio
ns
Ena
bles
Pro
duct
s,S
ervi
ces,
&M
arke
ts
Seven Smart Grid characteristics as defined by DOE
Pointof
View
2010 2015
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Automated outage detection,restoration, and customernotificationExpanded SCADA & line devicesSelf Healing Grid technologies inplace
Traditional utility relationship withcustomer is changing due to moremature new services for customersLoad control with DRBundled servicesDER Aggregation (including PHEV)
Major regulatory issues are solvedData ownership and accessCross jurisdictional conflictsT&D renewables strategy
Smart Green GridRoadmap
Energy Policy Goals
Deploy base technologiesSmart meters installedOMS/DMS systemMicrogrid Pilot
New Customer programs offered byUtilities
Dynamic PricingEE, Demand ResponseHAN, Energy Management
Many Smart Grid components areinitially deployed
Self-healing-grid technologies infull deploymentMicrogrid technology deployed
and self sustaining communityconcept demonstratedPHEV infrastructure pilots
Customer supply side & storagedecisions become the norm
Significant DER PenetrationAdditional Microgrids wherecost effective“Customers as resources”
PHEV adoption rises- utility becomes"gas station of the future“
PHEV adoption emerges as acritical component of DERCharging infrastructure in placePHEV rates in place (charge &discharge)
Advanced grid technologies in placeCBM, Cable DiagnosticsAdvance Energy Storage tosupport RPS goalsSelf-healing grid is a reality
20% RenewableEnergy penetration
33% RenewableEnergy penetration
2016California Solar Initiative
3000 MW30% Greenhouse Gas
emission reduction fromprojected levels
2010
2009 - 2011
2020
2016 - 20202012 - 2015
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Summary & Next Steps
•Historically, SDG&E has been proactive in incorporating newtechnologies.
•We fully believe and endorse the need to create a power grid thatmeets the growing and changing needs of customers.
•Many significant challenges need to be overcome to “do it right”.•Advancements in IT and communication systems are accelerating and
provide opportunities to achieve operational efficiencies, streamlineprocesses and incorporate new technologies.
• Incorporate modern grid technologies and building blocks whenavailable and cost effective.
•Alignment of Smart Grid Vision: federal, state and industry• Follow-through on foundational initiatives• Roadmap for the future
•Coordinate proceedings•Guidance to industry•RD&D for new technologies currently not cost effective