Post on 18-Jan-2016
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Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics Tesla Coil Show Physics Tesla Coil Show
sparks sparks Crown Crown studentsstudents
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UCSC Physics & Institute for Particle PhysicsUCSC Physics & Institute for Particle Physics
Introductions…Introductions…
Prof. Terry Schalk
Prof. Hartmut Sadrozinski
Vicki JohnsonRene Johnson
Amy FurnissGrant GollandJessica MissaghianAnnika ChaseBrian ColbyMaureen PettersonRion Parsons
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Normally you can't see, hear or Normally you can't see, hear or smell electricity, but the Tesla Coil smell electricity, but the Tesla Coil generates generates 1 million volts1 million volts, causing, causing• Bright sparksBright sparks• Loud crackling noiseLoud crackling noise• The air smell strange (Ozone)The air smell strange (Ozone)
SAFETY RULESSAFETY RULESSAFETY RULESSAFETY RULES
BRACE YOURSELF!BRACE YOURSELF!BRACE YOURSELF!BRACE YOURSELF!
1 Million 1 Million Volts! Volts!
DANGERDANGER
1 Million 1 Million Volts! Volts!
DANGERDANGER Stay at least 20 ft. awayStay at least 20 ft. away Computers, Gameboys, CD players, Computers, Gameboys, CD players,
telephones to the back of the room – telephones to the back of the room – unplugged, switched off!unplugged, switched off!
Hearing aids off, pacemakers out of Hearing aids off, pacemakers out of room!room!
SAFETY FIRST!SAFETY FIRST!SAFETY FIRST!SAFETY FIRST!
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ZorroZorroZorroZorro
Drawing lightning with a swordDrawing lightning with a sword
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Sparks fly to sword
Electric current goes back through wire
Some electric current also goes through the air and lights up fluorescent bulbs
Where else does that happen?
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What’s this all about ?What’s this all about ?
FUN while learning!!FUN while learning!!
Presentation tools…Presentation tools…– ZorroZorro– Knight in armor Knight in armor
What physicists do…What physicists do…– And our Outreach activitiesAnd our Outreach activities
Facts about LightningFacts about Lightning
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Galaxy
DNA
CellAtom
Nucleus
Electron microscope
Accelerator
Larger & Farther away
Smaller & Harder to see
A Physicist’s View of the Universe and the instruments she uses to see it
Logarithmic Scale: every inch = factor 10
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Nucleus of an Atom
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Teaching, Research, OutreachTeaching, Research, Outreach
Particle Physics: Quarks, Gluons Particle Physics: Quarks, Gluons
AstroPhysicsAstroPhysics
Large objects in the skyLarge objects in the sky
Black holes, SupernovaeBlack holes, Supernovae
SLACSLAC
Visit us.Visit us.
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Galaxy
DNA
CellAtom
Nucleus
Electron microscope
Accelerator
Larger & Farther away
Smaller & Harder to see
A Physicist’s View of the Universe
Logarithmic Scale: every inch = factor 10
Your Cosmic HistoryYour Cosmic History(an astronomer’s perspective)(an astronomer’s perspective)
You!
Protein molecules:Basic building blocks of lifeEarth and Sun:
Home of the C,N,O atoms from whichthese protein molecules were assimilated
Sun’s ancestral stars:Their nuclear fusion reactionsproduced these C,N,O atoms
Galaxy:Large familyof stars
You are here!
SUPERNOVAE!!!!
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Milky Way
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Teaching, Research, OutreachTeaching, Research, Outreach
SCIPP OUTREACH:TeslaTesla Coil at your School: “Zap your Teacher”
QuarknetInvite H.S. teachers into our labs for Summer research programInvite H.S. student interns into our labs for a science experience
BalloonFestOrganize a High School Science meet on Ballooning
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Quarknet Summer Program:H.S. teachers and student interns do research
June 24-July 28, 2007
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Balloonfest in Paso Robles and Vacaville: 15 teams of 80 high school students Launch balloons, gather & analyze data.
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LightningLightning
Jacob’s LadderJacob’s Ladder
CoronaCorona
Tesla SparksTesla Sparks
are all related. are all related.
LightningLightning
Jacob’s LadderJacob’s Ladder
CoronaCorona
Tesla SparksTesla Sparks
are all related. are all related.
Principle:Principle: Air is made of molecules. When they are Air is made of molecules. When they are ionized, they become charged and can conduct a ionized, they become charged and can conduct a current like an electrical wire. current like an electrical wire.
If there is a large current, it heats up the air and If there is a large current, it heats up the air and makes light. Thus, the sparks, flames etc are direct makes light. Thus, the sparks, flames etc are direct evidence for the model of atoms!evidence for the model of atoms!
Electricity in AirElectricity in Air
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An electron shooting out of the tesla coil hits lots of atom and knocks one of their electrons to a higher energy state. When the electron falls back down, it emits energy in the form of a photon, which travels
to our eyes and we can see as light.
What’s Going On?The Story of an Atom in the Air
ELECTRON FROM TESLA COIL
PHOTON
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Posted on Tue, May. 17, 2005Posted on Tue, May. 17, 2005
Students uninjured after power line falls on carStudents uninjured after power line falls on car
By Sandra GonzalesBy Sandra Gonzales
Mercury NewsMercury News
Four San Jose State University students Four San Jose State University students escaped injury Monday night after being escaped injury Monday night after being trapped in their car after a power line fell on it trapped in their car after a power line fell on it near the university.near the university.
At about 8 p.m., the four were traveling in the At about 8 p.m., the four were traveling in the car on South Sixth Street near East William car on South Sixth Street near East William Street when a tree fell, blocking the street and Street when a tree fell, blocking the street and knocking down power lines, fire officials said.knocking down power lines, fire officials said.
The lines struck a chain-link fence, a parked The lines struck a chain-link fence, a parked Honda Accord and a Chevrolet van, and one Honda Accord and a Chevrolet van, and one landed on the moving car. As the scene landed on the moving car. As the scene unfolded, a San Jose fire engine that happened unfolded, a San Jose fire engine that happened to be nearby responded, warning the to be nearby responded, warning the occupants of the Toyota Corolla to stay inside occupants of the Toyota Corolla to stay inside until PG&E could shut off the power to the line. until PG&E could shut off the power to the line. The car's occupants were safe while they were The car's occupants were safe while they were inside the car, but could have been inside the car, but could have been electrocuted if they attempted to get out electrocuted if they attempted to get out before the power was cut.before the power was cut.
Once the power was shut off, the students Once the power was shut off, the students safely left their car unharmed. The downed safely left their car unharmed. The downed power lines, however, sparked a small fire on a power lines, however, sparked a small fire on a nearby tree that was quickly extinguished.nearby tree that was quickly extinguished.
The Faraday CageThe Faraday Cage
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Meet the Fighting KnightMeet the Fighting KnightMeet the Fighting KnightMeet the Fighting Knight
Fighting LightningFighting Lightning
Bolt to the HeadBolt to the Head
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Thomas “DC” Thomas “DC” Edison Edison
and his Batteriesand his Batteries
Nikola “AC” TeslaNikola “AC” Tesla
and his and his GeneratorsGenerators
vs.vs.
Tesla RevivalTesla Revival 271 web sites are dedicated to Nikola 271 web sites are dedicated to Nikola
TeslaTesla Join the “Tesla Coil Web Ring” Join the “Tesla Coil Web Ring”
http://nav.webring.yahoo.com/hub?ring=teslaring&list
History was not kind to N. Tesla:History was not kind to N. Tesla:
Engineering Battle Royal of the 20Engineering Battle Royal of the 20thth Century:Century:
Edison won the first Edison won the first rounds, rounds,
but Tesla carried the daybut Tesla carried the day
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Nikola Tesla as a Daredevil in a double-exposure Nikola Tesla as a Daredevil in a double-exposure photographphotograph
Learn more at Learn more at http://nav.webring.yahoo.com/hub?ring=teslaring&list
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Voltage Voltage starts starts at 120 at 120 ends ends up at up at
1 million!1 million!
Voltage Voltage starts starts at 120 at 120 ends ends up at up at
1 million!1 million!
TransformerTransformer14,000volt
OutletOutlet120 volt
Resonance circuitResonance circuit1 million
volt
Summary of Tesla coil Summary of Tesla coil operation:operation:
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primarytransformer
secondarytransformer
S
C
T
P2 S2
UCSC EE 70
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Electrical Power Electrical Power
is converted is converted
wind, water, wind, water,
thermal powerthermal power
Electrical Power Electrical Power
is converted is converted
wind, water, wind, water,
thermal powerthermal power
Tesla’s idea: Tesla’s idea:
Transform the powerTransform the power
Tesla’s idea: Tesla’s idea:
Transform the powerTransform the power
Power goes inat 14000 Volts
Power comes outAt 120 Volts
It is brought to your city It is brought to your city
on high voltage lines to transformerson high voltage lines to transformers
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Transformation of PowerTransformation of Power
The SLAC linear accelerator creates The SLAC linear accelerator creates 90 Billion90 Billion Volts, Volts, as much as as much as 90,000 Tesla coils!90,000 Tesla coils!
We use that power to make We use that power to make new particles for new particles for scientific researchscientific research
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Transformation of PowerTransformation of PowerElectrical power is converted everywhere Electrical power is converted everywhere
At home: Iron, Micro wave, Heater, RadioAt home: Iron, Micro wave, Heater, Radio
GLAST Mission (SCIPP+SLAC):GLAST Mission (SCIPP+SLAC):
investigate the most powerful investigate the most powerful “power plants” in the universe “power plants” in the universe
GLASTGLAST
Space hosts incredible Power sourcesSpace hosts incredible Power sources
Black holes explode :Black holes explode :
Matter -> Light, x-rays, “jets”Matter -> Light, x-rays, “jets”
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The Faraday CageThe Faraday Cage
++++ ++
++++
++ ++ ++ ++++++++
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – –
– –
++++++
++ ++++++
Are you Are you safesafe in an airplane in an airplane or a car during a lightning or a car during a lightning storm?storm?
Is it safe for the knight to Is it safe for the knight to be hit by the lightning be hit by the lightning bolt?bolt?
Yes!Yes! Electric current flows Electric current flows invisibly through the invisibly through the outsideoutside of the metal shell of the metal shell (Faraday Cage), not (Faraday Cage), not touching the people touching the people inside.inside.
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How lightning worksHow lightning works
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
+
+++
++
+++
+ – –
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
– – –
–
–
–
++
+
++++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – –
– – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – –
++ ++ ++ ++++++
++ ++
++ ++
++++ ++
++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++
++++
++ ++ ++
++
In the turbulent clouds, charges In the turbulent clouds, charges get separatedget separated
The ionized air can conduct the The ionized air can conduct the electrical currentelectrical current
++++
++
++++ ++++
++
++
– – – – – –
– –
– –
++
COSMIC RAYS!!
Cover the earth
And always have
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Mystery KnightMystery KnightMystery KnightMystery Knight
Who is afraid of Lightning?Who is afraid of Lightning?
Not the Mystery Knight!Not the Mystery Knight!
Even if he is NOT Even if he is NOT groundedgrounded
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Electrical Electrical current current flows on the flows on the OUTSIDE of OUTSIDE of a metal!a metal!
Is the Mystery Knight OK?Is the Mystery Knight OK? Let’s check!Let’s check!
The armored suit is safe! The armored suit is safe! It's a Faraday Cage – no It's a Faraday Cage – no
electric field allowed inside.electric field allowed inside.
Is the Mystery Knight OK?Is the Mystery Knight OK? Let’s check!Let’s check!
The armored suit is safe! The armored suit is safe! It's a Faraday Cage – no It's a Faraday Cage – no
electric field allowed inside.electric field allowed inside.Invisible Invisible currentcurrent
Visible Visible sparkssparks
GroundGround
1 Million Volts1 Million Volts
Visible Visible sparkssparks
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Say “Good bye” to Say “Good bye” to
Daniel Greenhouse,Daniel Greenhouse,
the brain behind the sparksthe brain behind the sparks
He was an undergraduateHe was an undergraduate
at UC Santa Cruz.at UC Santa Cruz.
http://scipp.ucsc.eduhttp://scipp.ucsc.edu
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Fysiks is Phun!Fysiks is Phun!
Thanks to Thanks to Sally GaynorSally Gaynor for inviting us!for inviting us!
Questions?Questions?
Ask after the show, e-mail, visit…Ask after the show, e-mail, visit…
You can find our coordinates on the webYou can find our coordinates on the web
http://scipp.ucsc.edu http://scipp.ucsc.edu