Post on 13-Dec-2015
Scientific Notation
Way to simplify BIG and small numbers
Scientific Notation Coefficient x 10 exponent
602000000000000000000000 can be
6.02 x 1023
exponentcoefficient
Scientific Notation Coefficient x 10 exponent
Coefficient MUST be between 1 and 9
Exponent can be either positive or negative+ exponent large # (> 1)- exponent small # (< 1)
Scientific Notation
Convert the following into of scientific notation
35893 = ____________3.5893 x 104
Your turn!
0.00548 = ___________
10.25 = ___________
5.48 x 10-3
1.025 x 101
Scientific Notation
Convert the following out of scientific notation
2.579 x 104 = ________25790
8.647 x 10-5 = ________0.00008647
Put into Scientific Notation
Put INTO Sci. Not.
Convert out of Sci.Not.
Dimensional Analysis
Used to convert between unitsYou need to use a conversion factor
Conversion Factor
Ratio equal to “1” Contains the unit that you currently have (given in problem) and the unit that you want to convert to
Examples:
12 inches = 1 foot
60 seconds = 1 minute
12 inches1 foot 12 inches
1 footOR
60 seconds1 minute 60 seconds
1 minuteOR
Dimensional Analysis Conversion
Unit thatyou have
Unit thatyou have
Unit that you want
=Unit thatYou want
X
T-diagramConversionFactor
Single-step conversions
30 seconds = ? minutes
30 seconds
60 seconds
1 minute= 0.5 minute
Example
How many inches are in 3.7 feet? (12 inches = 1 ft)3.7 ft
1 ft
12 in = 44 in
Multi-Step ConversionThe conversion factor does NOT contain both the unit that you have and the unit that you want.
The unit conversion requires multiple (more than one) steps.
Example How many Liters are there in 8.2 quarts?
8.2 qt 32 oz
1 qt=
Conversion factors:1 qt = 32 oz1 qt = .94 Liters
32 oz
.94 L
= 7.71 Liters
You can do this!How many minutes are in 2 days?
(given) 2 days
You can do this!How many minutes are in 2 days?
(given) 2 days
(given) 1 day
24 hours
1 hour
60 minutes
= 2880 minutes
BUT… since there is only 1 digit in the given, there can only be 1 digit in the answer so…
= 3,000 minutes
Examples
Last one smarty pants!How many seconds are in 2 decades?
Last one smarty pants!How many seconds are in 2 decades?
2 decades
1 day1 year1 decade
24 hours365.25 days
10 years
1 minute1 hour
60 seconds
60 minutes
= 631,152,000 secondsBUT… since there is only 1 digit in the given, there
can only be 1 digit in the answer so…= 600,000,000
secondsNow in scientific notation… = 6 x 108 seconds
The Fundamental SI Units (le Système International, SI)
Physical Quantity Name Abbreviation
Mass kilogram kg
Length meter m
Time second s
Temperature Kelvin K
Electric Current Ampere A
Amount of Substance
mole mol
Luminous Intensity candela cd
SI PrefixesCommon to Chemistry
Prefix Unit Abbr. Exponent
Kilo k 103
Deci d 10-1
Centi c 10-2
Milli m 10-3
Micro 10-6
Nano n 10-9