1

CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY,

NEW DELHI

SCENARIO OF ASH UTILIZATION IN INDIA

A.K. JAIN

CHIEF ENGINEER

C.K.L. DAS

DIRECTOR

AMIT KUMAR

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

2

INTRODUCTION

• Coal/Lignite based Thermal Power Generation

has been backbone of power generation in India;

• Coal is likely to remain the main fuel source for

the domestic energy market over the next few

decades;

• Indian coal is of low grade having high ash

content up to 40-45%;

• Large quantity of ash is being generated at

Thermal Power Stations in the country. Cont.-

3

INTRODUCTION

• Gainful utilization of ash in environment friendly manner on continuous and sustainable basis is a matter of concern;

• A large number of technologies have been developed for gainful utilization and safe management of fly ash under efforts of Fly Ash Mission of GOI since 1994.

• Fly ash has now been established as a ‘Resource Material’ and ‘Useful Commodity’.

• It has now become a saleable commodity.

Cont.-

4

INDRODUCTION

• Central Electricity Authority is monitoring fly ash

generation and its utilization in the country since

1996;

• This paper brings out the present status of ash

generation and its utilization in the country

based on data being received in CEA.

5

INSTALLED CAPACITY (As on 31.03.2011)

• Total : 1,73,626MW

• Coal based : 93,918MW (54%)

• Gas based : 17,706MW (10%)

• Hydro : 37,567MW (22%)

• Others : 24,435MW (14%)

6

GROSS ELECTRICITY GENERATION

(2010-11)

• Total : 8,44,846 GWh

• Coal : 5,59,922 GWh (66%)

• Gas : 1,00,257 GWh (12%)

• Hydro : 1,14,257 GWh (14%)

• Others : 70,410 GWh (8%)

7

TARGETS FOR ASH UTILIZATION

AS PER MOEF’S NOTIFICATION

• Thermal Power Station in Operation as on

03.11.2009 shall achieve 100% utilization within

5 years from date of notification.

• Thermal Power Station Commissioned after

03.11.2009 shall achieve 100% utilization within

4 years from date of commissioning.

8

PRESENT SCENARIO

OF ASH UTILIZATION (2010-11)

• Nos. of Coal/ Lignite based : 88 nos.

Thermal power Stations from

which data was received.

• Installed capacity : 80458 MW

• Coal consumed : 408 million tones

• Average Ash content : 32.20%

• Total Ash generated : 131 million tones

• Total Ash utilized : 73 million tones

• Percentage Utilization : 56%

9

Mode of Fly Ash Utilization during

Year 2010-11

CEMENT (48.5%)

BRICKS (6.3%)

ROADS & EMBANKMENTS,

(11.65%)

RECLAIMATION OF

LOW LAYING AREA

(12.73%)

MINEFILLING. (8.26%)

AGRICULTU RE (1.73%)

OTHERS (10.82%)

10

STATUS OF FLY ASH UTILIZATION AS PER

MOEF’S NOTIFICATION FOR 2010-11

• Nos. of TPS which have achieved the

target of fly ash utilization as per MoEF’s

Notification: 57 nos.

• Nos. of TPS which have not been able to

achieve the target of fly ash utilization as

per MoEF’s Notification: 31 nos.

11

RANGE OF PERCENTAGE ASH

UTILIZATION DURING THE YEAR 2010-11

• 100% and more than 100% : 13nos.

• Less than 100% and up to 75% : 24nos.

• Less than 75% and up to 50% : 20nos.

• Less than 50% : 31nos.

12

PROGRESSIVE FLY ASH GENERATION & UTILIZATION

(During 1996-2011)

• Fly ash utilization has increased from 9.63% in

1996-97 to the highest level of 62.60% in 2009-

10 and it was about 56% during 2010-11;

• Quantity wise, fly ash utilization has increased

from 6.64 million tonne in 1996-97 to maximum

level of 77.34 million tonne in 2009-10 and it

was 73.13 million tonne in 2010-11.

13

PROGRESSIVE GENERATION AND UTILIZATION OF FLY ASH

DURING THE PERIOD FROM 1996-97 TO 2010-11

0

15

30

45

60

75

90

105

120

1351996-9

7

1997-9

8

1998-9

9

1999-0

0

2000-0

1

2001-0

2

2002-0

3

2003-0

4

2004-0

5

2005-0

6

2006-0

7

2007-0

8

2008-0

9

2009-1

0

2010-1

1

YEAR

FLY A

SH

UTIL

IZATIO

N (

in m

tpa)

Total Fly Ash GENERATION

Total Fly Ash Utilization

14

FLY ASH UTILIZATION IN VARIOUS MODES

(1998-99 TO 2010-11)

During 1998-99 to 2010-11, utilization of Fly ash has increased in various sectors significantly from:

• 2.45 million tonne to 35.47 million tonne in Cement Industry.

• 0.70 million tonne to 4.61 million tonne in fly ash based Bricks /Tiles

• 1.06 million tonne to 8.52 million tonne in Roads & Embankments.

• 4.17 million tonne to 9.31 million tonne in Reclamation of low lying area.

• 0.65 million tonne to 6.04 million tonne in Mine filling. • 0.13 million tonne to 1.27 million tonne in Agriculture.

15

PROGRESSIVE UTILIZATION OF FLY ASH IN CEMENT INDUSTRY

DURING THE PERIOD 1998-99 TO 2010-11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

801998-9

9

1999-0

0

2000-0

1

2001-0

2

2002-0

3

2003-0

4

2004-0

5

2005-0

6

2006-0

7

2007-0

8

2008-0

9

2009-1

0

2010-1

1

YEAR

FLY A

SH

UTIL

IZATIO

N (

in m

tpa)

Total Fly Ash Utilization

Utilization in Cement Industry

16

PROGRESSIVE UTILIZATION OF FLYASH IN RECLAMATION/ LAND FILLING

DURING THE PERIOD 1998-99 TO 2010-11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1998-99

1999-00

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

YEAR

FLY A

SH

UTIL

IZATIO

N (

in m

tpa)

Total Fly Ash Utilization

Utilization of Flyash in Reclamation of

low lying area/land filling

17

PROGRESSIVE UTILIZATION OF FLYASH IN CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS/EMBANKMENTS/

ASH DYKE RAISING DURING THE PERIOD 1998-99 TO 2010-11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1998-9

9

1999-0

0

2000-0

1

2001-0

2

2002-0

3

2003-0

4

2004-0

5

2005-0

6

2006-0

7

2007-0

8

2008-0

9

2009-1

0

2010-1

1

YEAR

FLY A

SH

UTIL

IZATIO

N (

in m

tpa)

Total Fly Ash Utilization

Use of flyash in construction of

Roads/embankments/ash dyke raising

18

PROGRESSIVE UTILIZATION OF FLYASH IN MINE FILLING

DURING THE PERIOD 1998-99 TO 2010-11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1998-9

9

1999-0

0

2000-0

1

2001-0

2

2002-0

3

2003-0

4

2004-0

5

2005-0

6

2006-0

7

2007-0

8

2008-0

9

2009-1

0

2010-1

1

YEAR

FLY A

SH

UTIL

IZATIO

N (

in m

tpa)

Total Fly Ash Utilization

Utilization of Flyash in Mine filling

19

PROGRESSIVE UTILIZATION OF FLY ASH IN MANUFACTURE OF FLYASH BASED

BRICKS/BLOCKS/TILES DURING THE PERIOD 1998-99 TO 2010-11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1998-9

9

1999-0

0

2000-0

1

2001-0

2

2002-0

3

2003-0

4

2004-0

5

2005-0

6

2006-0

7

2007-0

8

2008-0

9

2009-1

0

2010-1

1

YEAR

FLY A

SH

UTIL

IZATIO

N(i

n m

tpa)

Total Fly Ash Utilization

Utilization of Flyash in manufacturing of

based Bricks,blocks,tiles

20

PROGRESSIVE UTILIZATION OF FLY ASH IN AGRICULTURE

DURING THE PERIOD 1998-99 TO 2010-11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

801998-9

9

1999-0

0

2000-0

1

2001-0

2

2002-0

3

2003-0

4

2004-0

5

2005-0

6

2006-0

7

2007-0

8

2008-0

9

2009-1

0

2010-1

1

YEAR

FLY A

SH

UTIL

IZATIO

N (

in m

tpa)

Total Fly Ash Utilization

Utilization of Flyash in Agriculture

21

CONCLUSION

• We achieved the highest level of fly ash utilization of 63% in 2009-10 and it was about 56% in 2010-11;

• States and districts where thermal power stations are located need to be sensitized to the need for utilization of fly ash;

• Use of fly ash in backfilling/stowing of closed/ abandoned/running open cast and underground mines has large potential for utilization of fly ash;

Cont.-

22

CONCLUSION

• Use of fly ash in the construction of road

embankments/flyovers is gradually picking up.

However, its full potential is yet to be realized.

• Use of fly ash in the construction of railway

embankments has potential for large scale

utilization of fly ash;

Cont.-

23

CONCLUSION

• Use of fly ash based building materials, like fly

ash based bricks, blocks, tiles etc. by Govt.

agencies, both at Central and State level, is

required to be ensured.

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THANKS