Post on 14-Dec-2014
description
Scaling WordPress
Joseph Scotthttp://josephscott.org
Lessons FromWordPress.com
Reading on WordPress.com
Over 372 million people view more than 4.1 billion pages each month.
http://en.wordpress.com/stats/
Publishing on WordPress.com
about 49.3 million new posts and 50.7 million new comments each month
http://en.wordpress.com/stats/
Start Small
Layers
Network
Server Hardware
Operating System
Layers
Network
Server Hardware
Operating System
HTTP PHP MySQL
Layers
Network
Server Hardware
Operating System
HTTP PHP MySQL
WordPress
Layers
Network
Server Hardware
Operating System
HTTP PHP MySQL
WordPress
HTTP - Apache
‣Remove unused modules‣Turn off host name lookups‣Turn off .htaccess‣Turn on compression‣Tweak MaxClients
PHP
๏ Use an opcode cache ( APC, Zend Opcache )๏ Use newer versions๏ Don’t use on static files๏ Be careful with preg_* functions๏ Profile your code ( Xdebug, VLD, XHProf )๏ Don’t re-invent native PHP functions
MySQL
๏ Use InnoDB, unless you have a good reason not to๏ Use the slow query log๏ Use EXPLAIN on queries, learn what the output means๏ Double Triple check your indexes๏ Learn about quirks
MySQL
Not Just MySQL Any More
MySQL
WordPress
๏ Turn off unused plugins๏ Use a caching plugin๏ Carefully vet themes and plugins they have great powers๏ Profile real life performance
Track Performance
Forget about averages
Track Performance
Forget about averages
Average
s Lie!
Track Performance
“Thinking Clearly About Performance”- Cary Millsap
http://method-r.com/downloads/doc_details/44-thinking-clearly-about-performance
Making Things Better
First, Know Your Limits
First, Know Your Limits
Determine the theoretical best performancefor your setup
First, Know Your Limits
Determine the theoretical best performancefor your setup
What ever you come up with will be slower than that
Less Work > More Work
PHP - opcode caching
Read Parse Compile Execute Output
.php
PHP - opcode caching
Read Parse Compile Execute Output
.php
APC
Opcode Cache
PHP - opcode caching
Reduce time per request by 4x
Increase requests per second by 4x
Less work, for the same resultmeans more capacity
Memcached
Key / Value data storage
In memory only, won’t survive a reboot
http://memcached.org/
WordPress + Memcached
WordPress Object Cache,reduces the number of database queries
http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/memcached/
Layers
HTTP PHP MySQL
WordPress
Memcached
WordPress + Memcached+ Batcache
Stores & serve fully rendered pagesin Memcached
http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/batcache/
Layers
HTTP PHP MySQL
WordPress
Memcached
Batcache
Servers
MySQL, Nginx, PHP-FPM,Memcached
Servers
web
mysql
memcached
Servers
But my one database serverstill can’t keep up
MySQL Replication
Master / Slave
๏ One way, asynchronous๏ Writes to the master๏ Reads to the slave๏ Multiple slaves & chaining
WordPress + HyperDB
Makes WordPress aware ofMySQL replication
http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/hyperdb/
WordPress + HyperDB
๏ Read & write servers๏ Priority for reads & writes๏ Local and remote data centers๏ Private and public networks๏ Per table granularity๏ Smart post-write master reads
Servers
web
mysql
memcached
mysql
writes
reads replication
MySQL Replication
Other Uses
๏ Slave just for backups๏ Multiple data centers๏ Task specific web servers
Servers
loadbalancer
web1
memcached1
replication
web2
web3
mysql1 mysql2
memcached2
Servers
Imagine all of that with:
๏ Multiple load balancers๏ Multiple networks ( public / private )๏ Multiple data centers
One More Thing
Asynchronous Jobs Queue
Lots of options
We built one for WordPress.com
Asynchronous Jobs Queue
http://code.trac.wordpress.org/browser/jobs
http://code.trac.wordpress.org/wiki/JobsDocs
All PHP + MySQL
Asynchronous Jobs Queue
Good for anything that isn’trequired for rendering a page
Questions?
Joseph Scott
http://josephscott.org/joseph@josephscott.org
@josephscott