Post on 29-May-2020
Scaling Up Rural Sanitation in Indonesia
Almud Weitz,
Sr. Regional Team Leader
WSP East Asia and the Pacific
Key Sanitation Parameters - Indonesia
Population in 2008: 228.8 million
Access to improved sanitation (JMP):
Urban: 67%
Rural: 36%
Open defecation (JMP): 58 million
Urban: 18%
Rural: 40%
Currently not on track to
meet MDG sanitation target
Key Sanitation Parameters – East Java
Population in 2006 (SUSENAS): 37.4 million
Urban: 12%
Rural: 88%
Rural sanitation coverage 2004 (SUSENAS): 55%
20% of Indonesia’s poor live in East Java
(SUSENAS 2004)
TSSM Combination Approach
Results to Date
TSSM Indonesia Results
Over 600,000 people gained access to improved sanitation
Over 3,000 communities triggered in 29 districts in East Java, 70% of
these with local government support
Open defecation-free (ODF) communities: over 1,200
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Jun '08
Dec '08
Jun ' 09
Dec '09
Jun '10
Dec '10
# o
f p
eo
ple
ga
inin
g a
cce
ss t
o
imp
rove
d s
an
ita
tio
n
Source: TSSM Project
Dec '09
Dec '10
WSP Monitoring Data
End of Project Target
Additionally close over 40% of funding in
2009 from local government s
Over 1,700 masons and suppliers trained
Upgradable improved pit latrines now
available from one-stop sanitation shops
SMS-based self-monitoring system and
verification system in place
Sanitation service provision now an
indicator of good local governance
This could not happen without:
National government enabling environment:
• National Community-Led Total Sanitation Strategy issued by Ministry of Health
in 2008
• 2010-2014 Medium-Term Development Plan of the Government includes
performance target to achieve an open defecation-free Indonesia by 2014
Key Success Factors
Local government ownership:
33 provinces and over 500 districts – local
government is crucial
East Java districts contributed $470,000 in 2009
and extended triggering process to over 2,300
communities
Up-front detailed research to understand sanitation
behavior and market
Up-front research to understand sanitation
behavior and market:
• Misconceptions around feces and purpose of sanitation
• Upgrading sanitation facility is low priority
• Low awareness of options and costs
• Tolerance and acceptability of open defecation is a factor associated with the
behavior itself
• Social status is significant motivation for improved sanitation
Key Success Factors
Quotes“In my village, even some of the rich people still go tot
the river to defecate, because it is a habit.”
“If the water goes to the paddy field, my waste can act as
fertilizer, it will help the paddy grow, using organic
fertilizer.”
East Java Marketing Mix:
Training of local artisans
Accreditation and branding
Informed choice catalogue with upgradable latrines
Promotional tools to reinforce CLTS demand creation: radio spots, school
games, posters, etc.
Sanitation Marketing
Video
Sanitation Marketing
Areas of focus going forward:
Increasing the ‘hit’ rate from triggering to ODF: 1/3 of all communities
triggered become ODF
Results of impact evaluation
Scale up via national government and donor programs without loss of
quality of results achieved
Key Learnings and Action Going Forward
Speeding up delivery to satisfy demand:
IFC-WSP market assessment (supply chain
and finance)
• Large market potential
• Major barriers are working capital and
consumer finance
Regional knowledge sharing and learning