Salt Flank Delineation by Interferometric Imaging of Transmitted P-to-S Waves Xiang Xiao Advisor:...

Salt Flank Delineation by Interferometric Imaging of Transmitted P-to-S Waves

Xiang Xiao

Advisor: Gerard T. SchusterCommittee: Michael Zhdanov Bob Smith Cari Jonson

Univ. of UtahNov. 15

MS thesis

Outline

I. Motivation

II. Theory

III. Numerical Tests

IV. Field Data Examples

V. Conclusion

Outline

I. Motivation

II. Theory

V. Conclusion

I. Motivation

• Goal:– Salt Flank Imaging with Migration of Transmitted P-to-S Waves;

• Method:

– Standard Migration (KM);

– Reduced-time Migration (RM), Sheley and Schuster, 2003;

– Interferometric Migration (IM), and Interferometric Redatuming (IR), Schuster, 2004;

Outline

I. Motivation

II. Theory

V. Conclusion

Goal: Image Interface by PS Transmitted WavesGoal: Image Interface by PS Transmitted Waves

Uninteresting PartUninteresting Part of Mediumof Medium

TimeTime

d(M|d(M|ss))

d(g|s)d(g|s)PPPP

eei wi w ((tt + t+ t))––

ww,s,,s,MMm(x) =m(x) = d(M|d(M|ss)) sxsx xxMM

Standard Kirchhoff Migration:

TimeTime

d(M|d(M|ss))

d(g|s)d(g|s)PPPP

XReduced-time migration:

eei wi w ((tt + t + t+ t + t))––

ww,s,,s,MMm(x) =m(x) = d(M|d(M|ss)) sxsx xxMM errorerror

~( ~( t t + t )- + t )- ( ( t t + t )+ t )sxsx xgxg

pickpickpickpick

sxsx xgxg

errorerrortt sxsx xxMM=( =( t t + + tt )- )- ( ( t t + + tt ) )pickpickpickpick

sxsx xxMM

TimeTime

d(M|d(M|ss))

d(g|s)d(g|s)PPPP

d(M|d(M|ss)) d(g|s)*d(g|s)*((gg,,MM) =) =

~ e ~ e eei wi w t + t + i wi w tt -i w-i w t - t - i wi w tt

PPSS PPPP

== e ei wi w ((t t –– tt))

Interferometric migration:

TimeTime

d(M|d(M|ss))

d(g|s)d(g|s)PPPP

d(M|d(M|ss)) d(g|s)*d(g|s)*((gg,,MM) = ) =

TimeTime

d(M|d(M|ss))

d(g|s)d(g|s)PPPP

TimeTime

d(M|d(M|ss))

d(g|s)d(g|s)PPPP

Unique Specular Point Snell’s Law OKUnique Specular Point Snell’s Law OK

eei wi w ((t t –– tt))––

w,g,w,g,MM

((gg,,MM) ) m(x) =m(x) = xxMM xgxg

Datuming

MigrationX

Interferometric PS DatumingInterferometric PS Datuming

g,g,MM

((gg,,MM) ) m(x) =m(x) = eei wi w ((t t –– tt))––

Eliminates src/rec statics and Eliminates src/rec statics and uninteresting parts of the medium.uninteresting parts of the medium.

Move surface src to interesting inter.Move surface src to interesting inter.

Outline

I. Motivation

II. Theory

V. Conclusion

I. Rugose Lower Salt Boundary

II. Elastic Salt Model

Salt Velocity ModelSalt S-wave Velocity ModelSalt P-wave Velocity Model

X (m)X (m) m/s m/s

III. Numerical test

P-to-S ratios = 30.5

12000 1200

20000 1200

VSP Gathers

Time (s)

PS Waves Shot @ (0,0)

Time (s)

P Wave Shot @ (0,0)

III. Numerical test

Interferometric PS DatumingInterferometric PS Datuming

g,g,MM

((gg,,MM) ) m(x) =m(x) = eei wi w ((t t –– tt))––

Eliminates src/rec statics and Eliminates src/rec statics and uninteresting parts of the medium.uninteresting parts of the medium.

Move surface src to interesting inter.Move surface src to interesting inter.

Synthetic vs. Redatuming Data

Time (s)

S-P Data from IR

Time (s)

Synthetic S-P SWI Data

III. Numerical test

KM vs. IM with Correct Velocity Model

X (m)X (m)

III. Numerical test

12000 1200

13130 1200

KM, RM vs. IM

Constant Static Shift in Data

Each Trace Advances 8 ms

III. Numerical test

0 1200

Incorrectly imagedBoundary is shifted

III. Numerical test

0 1200

Correctly imaged

Poor focused

III. Numerical test

0 1200

Correctly imaged

Strong focused!Small cover of PS ray

Additionally imaged

III. Numerical test

ComparisonD

0 1200

III. Numerical test

Incorrect Migration Model

KM, RM vs. IM

90% Velocity Above Salt

III. Numerical test

0 1200

Correct place

Incorrectly imaged

III. Numerical test

0 1200

Incorrectly imaged,Should image as black boundary

Correctly imaged

III. Numerical test

Elliptical artifacts

0 1200

Correctly imaged

Correctly imaged!

III. Numerical test

Elliptical artifacts are removed

Comparison

0 1200

III. Numerical test

II. Elastic Salt Model

P-wave velocity model0

0 16000X (m)

Velocity (m/s)

Gas target lower boundary

a) P-wave velocity model b) S-wave velocity model0

110000 16000X (m)

0 16000X (m)

c) CRG 1 X-component d) CRG 1 Z-component

Shot number

0 319Shot number

a) Ray tracing: direct P b) Ray tracing: PPS events0

110 16X (km) 0 16X (km)

c) Ray tracing: PSS events0

110 16X (km)

a) PP Standard Migration b) PS Standard Migration0

0 16000X (m)

c) Zoom View of PS KM d) Zoom View of PS IM

0 16000X (m)

6900 8700

PS interferometric migration

0 8000 16000

Correctly imaged!

Outline

I. Motivation

II. Theory

V. Conclusion

IV. Field Data

Offset (m)4878

0 1829

Well and Source Location

Source @150 m offset

P-to-S ratios = 2.7

Velocity ProfileS WaveP Wave

Velocity (m/s)

45000 5000 0 5000

2800 m

3200 m

IV. Field Data

Incorrect velocity model

P-to-S ratios = 1.6

150 Z ComponentD

Traveltime (s)

1.2 3.0

Direct P

Reflect P

Alias (Reverberation)

IV. Field Data

150 X ComponentD

Traveltime (s)

1.2 3.0

Direct P

Reflect P

Alias (Reverberation) Direct S

IV. Field Data

Processing Flow ChartOriginal Data

Reoriented

Pick desired events

Flatten, median filter, unflatten

Migration (KM, RM, IM)

Traveltime (s)

1.2 3.0

IV. Field Data

150 X Before Rotation

Traveltime (s)

1.2 3.0

IV. Field Data

150 X After RotationP wave energy was maximized

Traveltime (s)

1.2 3.0

III. Field Data

150 X PSS EventsTransmitted at upper boundary

150 X PPS EventsD

Traveltime (s)

1.2 3.0

III. Field Data

Transmitted at lower boundary

Migration of PSS

IV. Field Data

Ray Path Coverage

(m) SAL

Offset (m)

Migration of PSS

IV. Field Data

150 offset RM 150 offset IM

0 200 0 200Offset (m)

150 offset KM

Ray Path Coverage

Migration of PPS

IV. Field Data

Offset (m)

IV. Field Data

Migration of PPS

150 offset RM 150 offset IM

0 200 0 200

150 offset KM

Offset (m)

Outline

I. Motivation

II. Theory

V. Conclusion

IV. Conclusion

• Advantage of PS transmission migration– it is capable of illuminating the boundary of

salt flanks above the receivers (and nearly vertical boundaries if they exist).

IV. Conclusion• Benefits of IM:

– Remove influence of static shifts and/or migration velocity errors;

– Eliminated source statics by correlation;

– Accurately image the salt boundary above the receivers;

• Drawbacks of IM:– Migration artifacts due to violation of stationary phase approximation;

– Extra summations and computation time;

– Small range of incidence angle than true SWI data;

– Worse spatial resolution than KM;

– Does not require knowledge of the overburden velocity;

V. Future Work

• Pp/Ps reflection interferometric migration• Anisotropy migration

– Try different VTI FD synthetic walkaway VSP data set;– Apply it to a real data set;

• Preprocessing:– Reorientation, separation, filtering, statics correction

• Postprocessing:– Deconvolution

• Potential application– Kirchhoff multi arrival migration– Subsalt imaging– Interferometric tomography

Thanks to

• Jerry Schuster and my committee members: Dr. Michael Zhdanov, Dr. Bob smith, Dr. Cari Johnson for their advice and constructive criticism;

• Scott Leaney and Hornby Brian for their help on modeling;

Thanks to

• UTAM friends:– Jianhua Yu for his help on Linux programming;

– Jianming Sheng and Min Zhou for their experiences on interferometric imaging;

– Zhiyong Jiang and Ruiqing He for their help on classes;

– Travis Crosby and all UTAM students for their cheerful attitude; All UTAM sponsors for their support;

• Family– My parents, brother and sister;

• Friends– Liyun Ma, Huajian Yao, Zhaoyu Luo and Meiping Tong,

who encouraged me to continue on with my research.

Questions?

Salt Flank Delineation by Interferometric Imaging of Transmitted P-to-S Waves Xiang Xiao Advisor:...

Documents

Transcript of Salt Flank Delineation by Interferometric Imaging of Transmitted P-to-S Waves Xiang Xiao Advisor:...

Overview GPS interferometric reﬂectometry: …xenon.colorado.edu/portal/publications/Larson-2016-WIRES_Water.pdfOverview GPS interferometric reﬂectometry: applications to surface

Real-time interferometric synthetic aperture microscopybiophotonics.illinois.edu/pubs/biophotonics_current/realtimeisam.pdf · Real-time interferometric synthetic aperture microscopy

Understanding interferometric visibility functions

A. A. Zhdanov - On the History of Philosophy.pdf

Interferometric Modulator Display

Interferometric Displays Seminar

ZHDANOV - jetp.ac.ru · G. B. ZHDANOV P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Academy of Sciences, USSR (Submitted to JETP editor January 27, 1955) ]. Exptl. Theoret. Phys. (U.S.S.R.) 30,

Geoscience Australia Survey Name: Gippsland Southern Flank ... · Gippsland Southern Flank Infill 2D Marine Seismic Survey INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION The Gippsland Southern Flank

Urology Workshop- Flank Pain and Haematuriacarronbank.co.uk/Clinical_Guidance/Urology_flank... · Flank Pain Protocol • Acute Flank Pain • Renal colic is an acute, usually severe

Flank Openings

Flank Dinner Menu

Seasonal Flank Alopecia · 2017-05-02 · The author’s dog demonstrating seasonal flank alopecia. Title: Microsoft Word - Seasonal Flank Alopecia.docx Created Date: 5/2/2017 4:02:53

Radio Interferometric Geolocation

N. Kornev, V. Zhdanov and E. Hassel · N. Kornev, V. Zhdanov and E. Hassel University of Rostock, Germany nikolai.kornev@uni-rostock.de 1 Introduction The aim of this work is to analyse

Radio Interferometric Geolocation - Nyitólapmmaroti/pdf/2005 Radio interferometric geolocation.pdf · Radio Interferometric Geolocation ... Traditional radio interferometry has many

Interferometric optical fiber biosensor.ppt

VLADIMIR ZHDANOV- 1959- RUSSIAN PAINTER-PART.2- A C-

CASA Interferometric Pipeline Polarization Calibration ...

Vladimir zhdanov(1959) russian panter (a c )

Interferometric Radio Science