Post on 07-Dec-2014
description
Safe Food, Fair Food: Summary of findings on gender-related issues within sheep and
goat value chains in Ethiopia
Tamsin Dewé, Barbara Rischkowsky, Kristina Rösel, Delia Grace
Livestock and Fish Gender Working Group Workshop and Planning Meeting
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 14-18 October 2013
Safe Food, Fair Food
Protecting the health of poor consumers
and Safeguarding livelihoods of poor livestock
keepers and other value chain actors
Background
Looking at risks to food safety and nutrition within sheep and goat value chains
Trying to identify opportunities for further research and intervention
Ultimate goal is to ensure adequate intake of safe and nutritious foods, while protecting the livelihoods of poor value chain actors
Study sites in Ethiopia# VCs District Sites/villages/
communitiesRegion
Highlands1 Sheep 1 Atsbi 1. Habes
2. Golgol na’ele
Tigray
2 Sheep 2 Doyogena 1. Serea
2. Bkafa
SNNP
3 Sheep 3 Menz 1. Molale
2. Mehal Meda
Amhara
4 Sheep 4 Horro/Shambu 1. Gitlo
2. Lakku Iggu
Oromia
5 Goat 1 Abergelle 1. Sazba (Amhara)
2. Felegehiwot (Tigray)
Amhara/Tigray
Lowlands6 Goat 2 Yabello (Borana) 1. Eleweya
2. Darito
Oromia
7 Goat/Sheep Shinelle 1. Gad
2. Degah Jebis
Somalia
Activities
Rapid assessment conducted at each site– Participatory rural appraisals
(PRAs) with producer and consumer groups
– Focus group discussions (FGDs) with mothers of young children
Topics included animal health, consumption patterns, food preparation, and perceptions of quality and safety of sheep and goat meat and milk
Results
Food preparation exclusively by women• Cooking indoors over fire exposes women
and girls to potentially toxic fumes
Results
Men are given better meat cuts to give them strength for work
Preferential feeding of red meat and liver to pregnant women – To prevent anemia and nutritional deficiency
Consumption of raw meat and milk also reported for pregnant women– Risk to mother and fetus
Results
Cultural taboo against women drinking whole milk in Abergelle– Makes women crazy, difficult to
handle– Early onset of puberty in girls
Women consume butter and use it as cosmetics
ResultsSite WomenAbergelle Amhara
Men preferentially given high-quality cuts Women do not consume whole milkWomen more likely to consume butter (which is also used externally for hair and skin)
Abergelle Tigray
Men preferentially given high-quality cuts Women do not consume whole milkWomen more likely to consume butter (which is also used externally for hair and skin)Pregnant women prefer liver and kidney
Atsbi Collection of small pieces from each part of the animal given to women for healthWomen use butter for cosmetics
Borena Pregnant women prefer red meat and liverDoyogena Pregnant women prefer liver or duletHorro Either no difference between the genders, or women prefer red meat, liver
and intestines
Menz Women prefer to avoid fatShinelle Women use butter as cosmetics
Pregnant women prefer sheep and goat milk
Summary of gender-related consumption practices
Results
Responsibility
Task Men Women Boys GirlsHired labor
Flock herding 32.1 12.3 45.8 8.3 1.4Cut-and-carry grasses/browses 29.5 33.8 25.9 9.5 1.3Watering flock 40.3 12.4 45.6 1.3 0.4Clean flock barn – 66 2.9 31.1 –Cares for young flock 20.6 44.9 26.6 7.9 –Fattening management 43.1 34.8 17.2 4.5 0.4Treat sick flock 85 1.8 13.2 – –Milk goats – 80.4 – 19.6 –Process goat milk – 67.1 – 32.9 –Sale sheep and goats at markets 82.2 5.2 12.6 – –Decide on use of proceeds 73.7 20.2 6.1 – –Owner of the flocks 68.2 29 2.8 – –
Solomon Gizaw, Azage Tegegne, Berhanu Gebremedhin and Dirk Hoekstra. Improving sheep and goat production and marketing systems in Ethiopia: Characteristics and strategies for improvement. IPMS working paper No 23.
Division of labor in sheep and goat management, Alaba (SNNP)
Conclusions
Gender roles may have large influence on health and nutrition risks– Further research needed
Low level of consumption of ASF due to economic constraints and religious practices
Major risk in this value chain is nutritional deficiency– Protein, iron, zinc, vitamins A and B12
Safe Food, Fair Food
Tamsin Dewé, Consultant tamsindewe@gmail.com
Kristina Rösel, Project Co-Ordinatork.rosel@cgiar.org
All photo credits to ILRI/ Tamsin Dewé unless otherwise indicated