Post on 24-Feb-2016
description
Russian contribution to ExoMars and the outline of
further Mars Exploration programme
3MS33, 11.10.2012
NPOL TEAMIKI TEAMS
COORDINATOR DANIIL RODIONOV<rodionov@iki.rssi.ru>
Scientific and technical goals of the ExoMars project
New scientific goals: Subsurface water mapping with high resolution. Exploration of Mars habitability. Volcanism (search for volcanic gases).
Development of a joint (ESA-Roscosmos) ground segment for interplanetary missions management. Integration of Russian and European experience in technology development for interplanetary missions and in quality control.
Preparation for the next steps in Mars exploration: Landing sites investigation, subsurface water. Dosimetry. Monitoring of radiation situation.
Completion of previously planned scientific missions: Investigation of the Mars structure and climate at the surface (Mars-96 Mars-Net). Atmosphere investigation, search for methane, climate monitoring from the orbit (Phobos-Grunt).
EXOMARS: Participation in ESA-led mission
1. Proton launch of 2016 composite – RTG and Russian instruments on EDM– Russian instruments on TGO– Joint science programme
2. Proton launch of 2018 probe– Roscosmos-led Descent Module using experience of EDM and lunar descents– ESA-supplied s/systems for the DM– Roscosmos-led fixed long-living platform (target science payload 50 kg)
Cancelled on 8 June
ExoMars: Project configuration 2016
TGO: Trace Gas Orbiter EDM: Entry, Descent & Landing Demonstrator Module
ACS: 3 spectrometers and electronic block FREND: Collimated neutron spectrometer + dosimeter
Russian participation
ExoMars: Project configuration 2016
TGO: Trace Gas Orbiter EDM: Entry, Descent & Landing Demonstrator Module
ACS: 3 spectrometers and electronic block FREND: Collimated neutron spectrometer + dosimeter
PanCam Adron
Lidar Dust Sensor
Russian participation
ExoMars: Trace Gas OrbiterRussian contribution: ACS
Name Description Prototype
ACS-NIR
Echelle-AOTF (Near IR: 0.7-1.7 μm, R~20000). Monitoring and profiling of CO, H2O, O2. Dayglow O2 emission, sensitive search for nightglows. Mass: 3.5 kg. Power: 15 W.
ISS
ACS-MIR
Echelle spectrometer (Middle IR: 2.2-4.5 μm, R>50000). Profiles of CH4 , H2O, СО, isotopic ratios HDO/H2O. Search for undetected species. Mass: 12 kg. Power: 20 W.
Phobos-Grunt
ACS-TIR
Fourier-spectrometer (2-25 μm, 0.2 cm-1). Monitoring of thermal state, aerosols, minor constituents in nadir. Detection in occultation. Mass: 12 kg. Power: 20 W.
Phobos-Grunt
Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) – Three spectrometers for the study of atmospheric chemistry and climate. Total mass: 33.3 kg (with electronic block).
FREND: Fine Resolution Epithermal Neutrons DetectorFREND is a neutron detector with a collimator and dosimeter module. Measurements are performed in a narrow field of view of about 10°, allowing to estimate the presence of water in the Martian surface with approx 40 km
resolution. This is 10 times better than the resolution of currently exiting HEND/Odyssey map:
FREND CollimatorScint
3He
Poly 10B
Preliminary design
FREND is practically identical to LEND instrument onboard Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which is orbiting the Moon since 2009 and proved it’s efficiency in both design and neutrons collimation concept that allows high
resolution orbital mapping of neutron fluxes.Instrument PI: Igor Mitrofanov, Scientist: Anton Sanin, Manager: Alexey Malakhov, Space Research Institute (IKI)
HEND/Odyssey data, ~400 km resolution
40 km pixel
Simulation of FREND/TGO data, ~40 km resolution
Gale Crater
400 km pixel
Martian neutron energy ranges: Epithermal (3He counters): 0.4 eV – 500 keVFast (Stylbene Scintillator): 0.5 – 10 MeVSpatial resolution: ~ 40 km at 400 km orbit
Dosimeter moduleSilicon based semi-conductor detectorResolution: < 100 keV for 100 keV – 10 MeV range; < 350 keV for 10 MeV – 80 MeV rangeMeasured values: Absorbed dose: 10-5 – 101 GyAbsorbed dose rate: 10-6 – 10-1 Gy/hFlux of particles: 1 – 1000 particles·cm2/sTime resolution of absorbed dose and flux: 1 minTime resolution of ionization losses spectr: 1 hr
ExoMars: Project configuration2018
Exomars Rover with Pasteur payloadLanding Platform
Russian contribution: Two instruments onboard of the rover: Infrared spectrometer (ISEM) on the mast and neutron detector Adron-RM.
Scientific payload of the landing platform.
ExoMars: Rover 2018Russian Instruments
Name Description Prototype
ISEMInfrared spectrometer located on the rover mast. Mineralogical analysis of surface targets. Sample selection for the rover payload. Mass:1.2 kg.
MEX/Luna-Resurs
Adron-RMSearch for subsurface water along rover traverse. Coordinated operation with WISDOM radar.
Mass: 1.7 kgMSL
OB ISEM
HRCPanCam
EXOMARS 2018: Descent Scenario
EXOMARS 2018: landing module integrated with braking stage
Trail cover
Aerodynamic shield
Doppler radar
Breaking thruster
Aux thruster
Exhaust parachuteMain parachute
Petals
Feet
tanks Descent platform
Aerodynamic shield
Trail cover
Descent module
Parachute container
Rover
Feet
Solar panels
EXOMARS 2018: landing module in surface configuration
Exomars: landing platformPreliminary instrument selection
Instrument Mass Description
Robotic arm w sampling device 3 Sampling for GCMS, close-up camera, Mossbauer
Meteopackage 3 PTW-Hum measurements
Moessbauer spectrometer 0.5 Iron mineralogy (Germany)
PanCam 0.4 Surface panorama, atmosphere
Methane detector (F-P spectrometer) 2.3 Methane, minor gases.
GSMS Gas chromotographer 10 Composition, reactivity
Seismometer 9.1 Seismometry (France)
STEM (contact sensors) 0.8 Temperature, conductivity, etc
Lidar 1 Aerosol up to 5-10 km
Fourier-spectrometer 3.8 Minor constituents, boundary layer (2.5- 25 μm)
M-TDLAS (laser spectrometer) 0.5 Minor constituents, isotopic ratios locally
MARSES-MAIGRET (low-frequency radar, magnetometer 4 Water contents down to 100s of m, manetotelluric, etc
Neutron spectrometer 7.7 Subsurface water
MANAGA-TOF (atmospheric MS) 3.8 Atmosphere composition
Dust complex 4,5 Dust dynamics near the surface
Target mass of the science payload for the landing platform is ~50 kg. European contribution will be discussed once the level of resources available is confirmed. Preliminary list of scientific instruments:
ExoMars. 2016-2018.
Phobos-2 2020-2022.
Mars-Grunt. 2022-2024.
Possible further steps of a joint Roscosmos-ESA Mars Exploration programme
Phobos investigationJoint project proposal
There is an ESA proposed project for Phobos sample return (PHOOTPRINT) with a launch in 2022 and sample return in 2025.
Given high scientific value of Mars satellites exploration, existing Russian developments in a field of sample return from the surface of Phobos and ESA interest to such a project, it is suggested to study (can be done by existing working group) feasibility of a joint ESA-Roscosmos project on Phobos Exploration.
2020-2022 гг. – launch of a mission for landing on Phobos, in situ investigation of Phobos surface and sample return to the Earth.
The main scientific objective of Mars-Grunt project (which can be launched after 2022) is to provide science community with the samples from the Martian surface.
The sample return from the Mars is being discussed by leading space agencies. Taking into account the technological complexity of such a mission and the high value of scientific output, it’s realization is more probable as a part of international cooperation.
Another important outcome of this project will be a development of sample return technologies, which can be used during preparation of manned Mars exploration.
Mars-SR 2022-2024
Technological steps :Exomars Landing platform (2018)Moon sample return (2019-2020)Phobos sample return (2020-2022)