Post on 27-Dec-2015
ROM
• Read Only Memory
• “…computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. Once data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read.
-Webopedia
Hard disk
• “This is large-capacity permanent storage used to hold information such as programs and documents.”
-Tyson. How PCs Work.
Sound Card
• “This is used by the computer to record and play audio by converting analog sound into digital information and back again.”
-Tyson. How PCs work.
Mouse
• “A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen…”
-Tyson. How PCs work.
Scanner
• “A device that reads data and inputs it to the computer…”
-Wilson.
Ports
• Slots or spaces “on the outside of a computer to attach external devices such as printers, scanners, tape backup drives, removable CD-ROM or floppy-disk drives.”
-Wilson.
• Ethernet
• USB
• Serial
LAN
• Local Area Network– Network covering a small geographic area
GUI
Graphical User Interface
Icon-based command system
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Standard allows for transfer of information between different systems
Binary
• “Computers are based on the binary numbering system, which consists of just two unique numbers, 0 and 1.”
-Webopedia
• All digital data is encoded in the binary system so that it can be processed by computers. Everything is represented in strings of 0s and 1s.
Unicode
• More complex than ASCII
http://webopedia.com/TERM/U/Unicode.html
cache
• Temporary storage of data that might be accessed again.
CPU
• Central Processing Unit
• Main part of a computer
Operating System
• Software that allows the operation of the computer and other applications
• What is the latest OS from Microsoft?
PC
• Personal Computer
• Individual computer or workstation
Graphics Card
• Converts video data to display on the monitor
Network Card
• Enables connections to external networks
Server
• Large computers that serve software and data to smaller client PCs.
Desktop v. Laptop
• Desktop– Keyboard– CPU– Disk drives– Monitor
• Laptop– Single portable unit with battery
Hardware
• Physical components– Casing– Motherboard– Cards– Chips– Drives– Mouse– Printer
Software
• OS
• Applications• Web Browser• Word Processing• Email etc.• ILS – Integrated Library System
Hard Disk
• Long-term storage of applications (software) and files (data)
DVD
Digital Video Disc
Stores images, video and text
Server Backups
• Daily or regular backups to magnetic tape
Network Drives
• Shared drives accessed from numerous PCs on a single network
• G, H, I, J, K, S, W, Z
Monitor Technology
• CRT– Cathode Ray Tube
• LCD– Liquid Crystal Display
Screen Resolution
• The number of pixels on a monitor– 1024 X 768 means 1,024 pixels on 768 lines
Pixels
• Picture Element
• Dots or points
Peripherals
• Digital camera
• PDA – personal digital assistant
• FAX – facsimile
• Barcode scanner
WAN
• Wide Area Network– Network covering a wide area network
Wireless
• Technology provides flexibility and mobility to staff
Client-Server
• Large servers serve up applications and files to smaller PC clients
Internet
• Largest network in the world – global network of networks
• Uses standard protocols for information exchange– HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol– FTP – File Transfer Protocol– SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol– TCP/IP – Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol
Internet in Libraries
• How has the Internet affected libraries?