Greene County Site Richard Hammack- Monitoring Team Lead

2

Greene County Site

• Monitoring Objectives: air quality, induced seismicity, fracture growth, and fluid/gas migration

Air Monitoring Laboratory

Seismometer

3

Greene County Site

• Two Gas Producing Zones: – Upper Devonian – Marcellus Shale

• Fractured Zone – Marcellus Shale

• Monitored Zone – Upper Devonian

4

Greene County Site

5

Greene County Site

UD-1 UD-2 UD-5 MW-1 MW-2 MH 1-6

6

Greene County Site

7

Greene County Site

8

Microseismic

9

Microseismic Tools

10

Microseismic Event Locations

1,064,000 MCF

783,000 MCF

627,000 MCF

499,000 MCF

280,000 MCF

344,000 MCF

11

Microseismic Event Locations

12

Microseismic Event Locations

13

Greene County Site

UD-1 UD-2 UD-5 MW-1 MW-2 MH 1-6

14

Pressure and Production History

15

Pressure and Production History

16

Pressure and Production History

17

Natural Gas Isotopes

18

Natural Gas Isotopes

2012-13Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

-45

-44

-43

-42

-41

-40

-39

-38

-371

3 C-C

H 4

UD-2UD-1UD-7UD-6UD-3UD-5UD-4MW-1MW-2

Upper Devonian Wells

Marcellus Shale Wells

Pre-

Frac

Hyd

raul

ic F

ract

urin

g

Post

-Fra

c

19

Natural Gas Isotopes

2012-13Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

2H-

CH 4

-200

-190

-180

-170

-160

UD-2UD-1UD-7UD-6UD-3UD-5UD-4MW-1MW-2

Hyd

raul

ic F

ract

urin

g

Post

-Fra

c

Pre-

Frac

Marcellus Shale Wells

Upper Devonian Wells

Sharma, S., et al. Assessing changes in gas migration pathways at a hydraulic fracturing site: Example from Greene County, Pennsylvania, USA. Appl. Geochem. (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.07.018

20

Produced Water Isotopes

21

Produced Water Isotopes

Kolesar Kohl, C.A., Capo, R.C., Stewart, B.W., Wall, A.J., Schroeder, K.T., Hammack, R.W., Guthrie, G.D. (2014) Strontium isotopes test long-term zonal isolation of injected and Marcellus Formation water after hydraulic fracturing. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48, 9867-9873

22

Perfluorocarbon Tracers

23

Perfluorocarbon Tracers

24

Greene County Site

Is there evidence of gas or fluid migration? 1. Microseismic Monitoring-No 2. Production/Pressure History-No 3. Gas Isotopes-No 4. Produced Water Isotopes-No 5. Perfluorocarbon Tracers- No

25

Greene County Site

• Teams: – Fracture Growth- Microseismic

• Weatherford, Pitt

– Fluid/Gas Migration • Production/Pressure History – NETL • Gas Isotopes-WVU, Isotech • Produced Water Isotopes- Pitt • PFC Tracers- ProTechnics, SpectraChem

26

Contact Information

Richard W. Hammack Office of Research and Development

National Energy Technology Laboratory PO Box 10970

Pittsburgh, PA 15236 Phone: 412 386-6585 Mobile: 412 337-8655

Email: richard.hammack@netl.doe.gov