Post on 31-Dec-2015
description
Today:
and
F 4/10 no class.M 4/13 class +
movie at 7pm in WEL 1.308
Fig 44.25
B-cells, T-cells, antibodies, nutrients, waste, O2, CO2, water, minerals, etc must be transported throughout the body
Fig 44.24+.25
Mammals have two ciculatory circuits: pulmonary and systemic
Fig44.22
Blood flows from arteries to capillaries to veins
Capillaries provide the large surface area required for these exchanges to take place.
Fig 44.30
Blood pressure changes as the blood moves from arteries to capillaries
Fig 44.23
This change in pressure causes fluid to leak out of the capillaries
Highpressure,Fluid forced out
Blood in vein,More viscous
Interstitial fluid,Recovered by…
Fig 44.23
Not all of the fluid (~15%) is reabsorbed on the venous side. This interstitial fluid is collected by the lymphatic system.
Lymphatic system
Fig 44.30
Because of the low pressure in veins and lymph vessels, movement of these fluids comes from skeletal muscles movements.
The mammalian circulatory
system is both open and closed
Fig 44.3
Nutrients, Waste, O2, CO2, Water, Minerals, etc must be transported throughout the body
Fig 44.11
Gases move by diffusion:Only from high to low concentration
Fig 44.15
hemoglobin
Hb is carriedinside red blood cells Hemoglobin
(a protein) carries oxygen in the blood
Fig 44.11
The Respiratory System:large surface area to maximize gas exchange
~100m2 in humans
Fig 44.11
Gas exchange occurs in alveoli
In the lungs, O2 diffuses into the blood, and CO2 diffuses out into the lungs.
Fig 44.1
How is oxygen delivered to where it is needed?
By adjusting blood flow…
Fig 44.20By changes in blood pH
CellBlood
Lung
CO2
O2CellularRespiration
Hb in RBC
CO2
O2
Hb in RBC
Low CO2High O2
Fig 44.20
O2
O2
CellBlood
Lung
CO2
O2CellularRespiration
Hb in RBC
CO2
O2
Hb in RBC
Low CO2High O2
CO2+H2O=H2CO3(carbonic acid)
(lesscarbonic acid)
Fig 44.20
O2
O2
CellBlood
Lung
CO2
O2CellularRespiration
Hb releasesO2 at lower pH
CO2
O2Hb canbind O2
Low CO2High O2
CO2+H2O=H2CO3(carbonic acid)
(lesscarbonic acid)
Fig 44.20
O2
O2
Next week: Nutrition and DigestionF 4/10 no class.
M 4/13 class + movie at 7pm in WEL
1.308