Post on 27-Mar-2015
Republic of Namibia
5 YEAR SANITATION STRATEGY NAMIBIA 2010/11 – 2014/15
Presented by Sjaak de Boer EU Delegation Namibia
Regional Infrastructure Seminar
8 March 2011 Nairobi, KENYA
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
1. High Level Statements2. Background and Introduction3. Key Sector Stakeholders4. Key Participants at different levels5. Guiding Principles6. Key Indicators and Targets7. Strategic Map, Themes & Budget8. Sanitation Selection Criteria9. Guideline to Selection Sanitation Options10. Capacity Building Sanitation Sector11. Code of Practice for Sanitation
High Level Statements GRNHigh Level Statements GRN
MissionMission“To provide, with minimal impact on “To provide, with minimal impact on environment, acceptable, affordable and environment, acceptable, affordable and sustainable sanitation services for Namibian sustainable sanitation services for Namibian households.”households.”
VisionVision“A healthy environment and improved quality of “A healthy environment and improved quality of life by providing Sanitation services for urban life by providing Sanitation services for urban and rural households.”and rural households.”
SloganSlogan“Sanitation for Improved Quality of Life and Key “Sanitation for Improved Quality of Life and Key to Healthy Communities”to Healthy Communities”
Background and IntroductionBackground and Introduction
• Situational analysis carried out prior to Situational analysis carried out prior to developing the Strategydeveloping the Strategy
• Revealed major threats, opportunities, strengths Revealed major threats, opportunities, strengths and weaknesses faced by Sanitation Sector in and weaknesses faced by Sanitation Sector in NamibiaNamibia
• Key strategic issues formulatedKey strategic issues formulated
Key Sector StakeholdersKey Sector Stakeholders
Key Participants at different Key Participants at different levelslevels
Traditional Authorities play important role in Rural ActivitiesTraditional Authorities play important role in Rural Activities
Guiding Principles
• Facilities should be affordable for households and based on Community-Led Total Sanitation Package (CLSP) approach for long term operational and maintenance sustainability.
• Choice of sanitation technology by community guided by Guideline Sanitation Options (see slide 14).
• In most cases dry sanitation technologies will be likely outcome for rural households
• Collective community decisions may be required where collection and treatment systems are proposed.
• Wherever possible, option of selecting technologies that are upgradable in future will be part of selection process.
• Health promotion services and household hygiene practices essential components of provision of sanitation services.
• Behaviour changes should be promoted, formulated and determined based on cultural sensitivities.
Key Indicators and TargetsKey Indicators and Targets
• Hygiene awareness and education campaignsHygiene awareness and education campaigns• Community specific sanitation trainingCommunity specific sanitation training• Practicing safe hygiene behaviourPracticing safe hygiene behaviour• Access to improved sanitation in urban areasAccess to improved sanitation in urban areas• Access to improved sanitation in rural areasAccess to improved sanitation in rural areas• Target sanitation coverage rural Target sanitation coverage rural = 57%= 57%• Sanitation coverage urban Sanitation coverage urban = 80%= 80%• Public institutions with improved sanitation Public institutions with improved sanitation
facilities facilities (incl. schools, clinics, service stations)(incl. schools, clinics, service stations)• Number of Children under 5 years old Number of Children under 5 years old
reported with diarrhoea in last 2 weeksreported with diarrhoea in last 2 weeks
Strategic MapStrategic Map
• Focus on 6 Themes or Building Focus on 6 Themes or Building ComponentsComponents
• 20 objectives (or essential building 20 objectives (or essential building blocks) interdependent of each blocks) interdependent of each otherother
• A chain of cause – effect relations A chain of cause – effect relations
identified, leading to desired identified, leading to desired outcome:outcome:
F. SOCIO-ECONOMIC-ENVIRONMANTAL OUTPUTS & OUTCOMES
A. WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION
1. Social Improvements1. Social Improvements 2. Economic Improvements2. Economic Improvements 3. Environmental Improvements3. Environmental Improvements
4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,
based on Proper Baselines
4. Appropriate Performance ManagementSystem & Structures in Place,
based on Proper Baselines
1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,
Regional & Local Levels
1. Improved Coordination amongst all Sanitation Stakeholders at Central,
Regional & Local Levels2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks
Developed, Harmonised & Communicated
2. Legislative & Regulatory Frameworks Developed, Harmonised & Communicated
3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with
Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs
3. Developed Set of TechnicalSanitation Guidelines, incl. Options with
Standards, Application Areas & C,O,M Costs
B. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING
2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
2. Sufficient & Competent Staff inPlace at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
3. Sufficient Physical ResourcesProvided at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding
4. Sufficient Sanitation Sector Funding
1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
1. Strong Leadership Commitment & Support at Central, Regional &
Local Levels
C. COMMUNITY EDUCTION & PARTICPATION IN HYGIENE & SANITATION
1. Behavioural Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,
Education & Training
1. Behavioural Change through Effective & Integrated Community Awareness,
Education & Training
3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,
Operation & Maintenance
3. Local Practical Skills inConstruction,
Operation & Maintenance
D. CONSTRUCTION OF SANITATION SYSTEMS
2. Improved SanitationCoverage
2. Improved SanitationCoverage
3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of
Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems
3. Improved Capacities, Conditions & Functioning of
Wet & Dry Sanitation Systems
E. O & M, PERFORMANCE MGT & ENFORCEMENT
1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,
based on Clear Guidelines
1. Efficient Operation & Mainte-nance of all Sanitation Facilities,
based on Clear Guidelines
2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)
2. Functional Performance Management (MERRIL)
3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance
3. Enforcement of Standards & Regulations for Compliance
1. Maximum Use of Local Resources
1. Maximum Use of Local Resources
2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In
2. Effective Community Participation & Buy-In
DWSSC
MRLGHRD
MoHSS
RC/LA
ALL
Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5
Series1 244,870 282,873 344,058 353,758 413,758
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000 C
osts
[000s
]
Financial years
Total Strategic Budget
N$ [000s] Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5
18,120 A 5,490 4,658 2,658 2,658 2,658
147,800 B 27,100 34,100 29,200 28,700 28,700
69,450 C 14,950 14,800 13,500 13,100 13,100
1,394,545 D 194,400 227,585 297,520 307,520 367,520
13,000 E 3,150 2,650 2,400 2,400 2,400
1,750 F 350 350 350 350 350
1,644,665 TOTAL 245,440 284,143 345,628 354,728 414,728
By ThemeBy Theme
Sanitation Selection CriteriaSanitation Selection Criteria
Sanitation system depends on Sanitation system depends on factors in Namibian context:factors in Namibian context:– Environmental ConditionsEnvironmental Conditions– AffordabilityAffordability– Cultural & Social AspectsCultural & Social Aspects– Technical Appropriateness Technical Appropriateness – Income generationIncome generation
Environment
• Topography• Flood resistant• Ground water level• Soil conditions : soft soil / hard rock• Available space (density)• Number of persons using the facility
Income generation
• Re-use of effluent for irrigation• Re use of dry or compost
waste as fertiliser• Biogas production
Project Selection Criteria
Affordability
• Construction cost• O & M cost
Technical Appropriateness
• Availability of spare parts• Availability of local skills • Availability of vacuum truck to empty tanks• Availability of constant running water supply• Availability of constant power supply
Cultural Aspects
• Acceptance of :• Urine diversion system• Re use of human waste• Men/women using the same toilet
Guideline to Selection Sanitation OptionsGuideline to Selection Sanitation Options
Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector
• Capacity Development Plan for Sanitation (covering also local authorities & private sector):– Capacity Building Plan (volume 1 & 2)
– Baseline Survey Guidelines (volume 3 & 4)
– Performance Monitoring Report harmonisation of sector performance indicators Water & Sanitation (volume 5)
Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (2)
• Capacity is ability to perform tasks and produce outputs, to define and solve problems and make informed choices.
• Capacity development is process by which organisations create and strengthen their capacity overtime– Capacity development is more than providing “training
and equipment”: structures, systems, roles; staff and facilities; skills and tools
• Support to capacity development is the inputs and processes that external actors can deliver to catalyse or support capacity development.
From “Support to Sector Programmes, July 2007, EC Guidelines no 2”
Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (3)
F. SOCIO-ECONOMIC-ENVIRONMENTAL OUTPUTS and OUTCOMES
A. WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION
B. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING
C. COMMUNITY EDUCATION and PARTICIPATION IN HYGIENE AND
SANITATION
D. CONSTRUCTION OF SANITATION SYSTEMS
E. OPERATION and MAINTENANCE, PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT
and ENFORCEMENT
Inte
rna
l P
roce
sses
Pe
rspe
ctive
(Pro
cesses)
Custo
mer/
Com
mu
nity
Pe
rspe
ctive
(Outp
uts
/
Outc
om
es)
Learn
ing
and Gro
wth
Pe
rspe
ctive
(Inp
uts
/Reso
urc
es)
Fin
an
cia
l P
ers
pective
Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (4)
Sub-Sector – Water Supply Workforce Estimate
Number of Employer Organisations
Government Ministries National 150 1 Government Depts in Regions incl. Regional Councils
1000 25
Parastals 600 1 Municipalities, Local Authorities, Village Councils, Settlements
700 90-95
Support Services – Consultants 100 20 Support Services – Contractors 250 100 Support services – Plant/Equipment
150 50
Others 50 5 Totals 3000 291-296
Sub-Sector – Sanitation Workforce Estimate
Number of Employer Organisations
Government Ministries National 25 5 Government Depts in Regions incl. Regional Councils
25 25
Municipalities, Local Authorities, Village Councils, Settlements
600
90-95
Support Services – Consultants 50 15 Support Services – Contractors 200 100 Support services – Plant/Equipment
100 50
Others 50 10 Totals 1000 295-300
“Sanitation is the uglier, less sexy issue to talk about, as opposed to water”
Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (5)
Labour Demand:
Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (6)
• Capacity Building Blocks
– Water Supply- Sanitation-Hygiene (WASH)– Planning Urban and Rural Development– Baseline Surveys including Environmental
Impact Assessment– Comparison and Choice of Sanitation
Technologies– Performance Monitoring– Awareness Raising and Sharing Information– Education and Training
=> Capacity Building Plan – 3 Year Programme
WASH and Sanitation
Interventions Outcomes
Improving Healththrough a
BetterEnvironment
Collective Behaviour Change
Health/HygieneAwareness and PromotionSchools and Clinics
Mobilise Community
Trigger - Unhappy about Living Environment
New Practices
Safe and Hygienic Sanitation BehaviourAppropriate choice of Infrastructure
Access to Safe Water Supplies
Improved Service Delivery
Access to Safe Sanitation Facilities
Safe Waste Confinement/Disposal
Solid and Liquid Waste Arisings
Improved Health
Empowering Women
Improved Quality of Life
Improved School Attendance and Performance
Savings in Time
Sustainable Livelihoods
Sta
ged
Develo
pm
en
t
Capacity Building for Sanitation Sector (7)
C2.1/ C2.3
Participatory approaches appropriate for Namibia to effect hygiene behaviour change
C1.3b (New)
Teacher Training Professional Qualifications and Courses - Water Supply, Total Sanitation and Hygiene enhancement
C1.3a (New)
School Curriculum for Water Supply, Total Sanitation and Hygiene
C1.1 Community Education and Participation Strategy Theme C – COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND PARTICIPATION A3.5a (New)
Standard Water Supply & Sanitation Facility Designs and Specifications for Schools
A3.4 User guide for a selection methodology of Sanitation Technology options A3.1
(Part)/ A3.3
Sanitation Technologies used in rural and urban communities in Namibia.
A3.1 (Part) Sanitation Sector Research and Development Plan
Theme A – WATSAN SECTOR COORDINATION
Initiatives in Capacity Building are interdependent:
Codes of Practice on Sanitation12 General Guidelines:
Among others Codes for:• Waste water re-use• Disposal of Waste water solids• Dry Sanitation Systems• Wet Sanitation Systems• Self built manual for VIP toilets • Re-use of Sewage Waste Products• Etc.
THANK YOU for ATTENTION!