Post on 26-Dec-2015
Reptile & Bird Jeopardy
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General Reptilia & Dinosaurs
Testudines & Sphenodontia
Squamata Crocodilia General Aves
Final Jeopardy
What two adaptations allowed reptiles to completely free themselves from living in
water during certain stages of their lifecycles?
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Scales and the amniotic egg
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What type of skulls do reptiles have? What type do mammals have?
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Reptiles – Anapsid & diapsidMammals - Synapsid
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What are the two main groups of dinosaurs and what is the
basis for the distinction between the two groups?
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Saurischians & Ornithischians
Based on the orientation of the hips
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Compare & contrast sauropods vs. theropods on
the basis of body shape, diet, and their relationship to birds
9 Sauropods – giant quadrapedal herbivores with long necks and small
heads
Theropods – large bipedal carnivores with relatively large heads. A small branch of theropods evolved into the
birds (Archaeopteryx)
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What killed the dinosaurs, how long ago did it occur, where did it
occur, what is the name of the extinction event, and what evidence
of this event exists today?
11 What – An asteroidWhen – 65 mya
Where – Yucatan PeninsulaName – K-T Extinction Event
Evidence – Crater can be seen by satellite and rare asteroid element
can be found around the world in 65 my old rock
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What is the name of the top and bottom pieces
of a turtle shell?
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Top – CarapaceBottom - Plastron
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What is the common name of the only member of Order Sphenodontia?
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The tuatara
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What are three characteristics of the sphenodon that lead one
to conclude that it is not a lizard?
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Two rows of upper teethNo external ear openings
A parietal third eye that senses heat
Distinguish between the common and alligator snapping
turtle and describe how the alligator snapping turtle feeds.
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19 Common Snapping – smaller & more aggressive
Alligator Snapping – larger and less aggressive
Feeds by using tongue as a lure
Distinguish between the four types of turtles:
Turtles/SlidersTerrapins
Sea TurtlesTortoises
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Turtles/Sliders – amphibious freshwater turtles
Terrapins – brackish water turtles
Sea Turtles – marine turtlesTortoises – land turtles
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The Order Squamata is broken down into three suborders: Lacertilia,
Serpentes, & Amphisbaena
What type of organisms are in each suborder?
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Lacertilia - LizardsSerpentes - Snakes
Amphisbaena - Worm Lizards
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By what rhyme can one tell the difference
between the beneficial king snake and the
harmful coral snake?
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Red on black is good for JackRed on yellow will kill a fellow
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In general, describe the difference between
poisonous snakes and constrictors.
27Usually, poisonous snakes will have a triangular head, raised eyebrows,
and cat-like pupils.
Usually, constrictors will have a less pronounced jaw, no raised eyebrows,
and a circular pupil
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Compare & contrast the fangs & toxins of rattlesnakes,
cottonmouths and copperheads with that of cobras, puff adders, &
coral snakes.
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Rattlesnake group – large, hinged fangs with a hemotoxin
Cobra group – smaller, fixed fangs with a neurotoxin
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Name something unique about the following lizards:
Chameleons, geckos, glass lizards, & Gila monsters
31Chameleons – change colors/eyes move
independently Geckos – no eyelids/feet attract to
surfaces using Van der Waals forces Glass lizards – no legs/tail shatters like
glass Gila monsters – poisonous
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What is temperature-dependent sex determination?
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The temperature of the eggs will determine the sex
of the resulting baby
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Where are the only two places in the world where one can find alligators?
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Southeastern US and the Yangtze River in China
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What is the nictitating membrane and the tapedum lucidum?
37Nictitating membrane – A protective cover over the eye that allows the
animal to see underwater
Tapedum lucidum – A reflective layer beneath the eye that enhances night
vision and also causes the eyes to glow in the dark
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Why do crocodiles have a wider distribution than alligators, gavials, or
caimans?
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Crocodiles can tolerate higher amounts of salt in their water
and were thus able to transverse large areas of the ocean to get to many places around the world.
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Label the organisms in the following pictures
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Define sexual dimorphism
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When males & female look quite different from one another
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Sexual selection and natural selection are often at odds with
each other. What does this statement mean?
45Sexual selection may cause an animal to develop features or attributes that only enhance its attractiveness to the opposite sex. However these features
may cause the organism to be less able to find food or avoid predation.
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What is the difference between Altricial and Precocial chicks?
47Altricial – Born featherless &
blind. Develop into smarter birds like the carnivores and passerines
Precocial – Born with feathers & sight. Common in herbivorous,
non-passerine birds
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How does the airfoil design of a wing allow it to achieve aerodynamic lift?
49The air molecules have to travel a
greater distance above the wing than below & thus travel faster. This causes the molecules to spread out leaving a
low pressure zone above the wing. The relative high pressure below the wing
then pushes upwards creating lift
50 Describe the purpose of the following 5 types of
feathers:
Tail/flightSemiplumeFiloplume
BristleDowny
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Tail/flight – flying & soaringSemiplume – provides shape and color
Filoplume – connected to nerve endings
Bristle – borders the eyes & beakDowny – provides insulation
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Describe the functions of the following parts of the amniotic egg:
Amnion, Chorion, Allantois, & Yolk
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Amnion – protective sac around embryoChorion – Allows O2 to absorb into embryoAllantois – Stores wasteYolk – Food source for developing embryo