Reproductive Health & Safety Lesson 4 – FDA Approved Contraceptives.

Reproductive Health & Safety

Lesson 4 – FDA Approved Contraceptives

The Lesson Objectives

Wake County Public School System

1. Answer Submitted Questions2. Review the Previous Lesson3. Learn the FDA Approved

Contraceptives Including Barrier, Hormonal and Permanent Methods

Ground Rules

•Be Respectful•Exhibit Maturity•Demonstrate Patience

The Question Box

Let’s Review

Wake County Public School System Reproductive Health & Safety5

A Quick Review

Wake County Public School System Reproductive Health & Safety

• STDs

• Bacterial STDs/STIs

• Viral STDs/STIs

• Parasitic STDs/STIs

What is the FDA?

The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) is an agency within the United States Department

of Health and Human Services.

What is the Role of the FDA?

The FDA is the agency that is responsible for monitoring/regulating: human drugs ▪ US food supply

veterinary drugs ▪ cosmetics

vaccines ▪ dietary supplements

medical devices ▪ tobacco products

Barrier Methods

Male Condom Female Condom Diaphragm Cervical Cap Sponge Spermicide

Male Condom -

A latex or polyurethane sheath placed over the erect penis.

Male Condom -

Risks – Irritation and allergic reaction

Failure Rate – 11 pregnancies per 100 women per year

See FDA effectiveness chart

Protection from STDs – May provide some protection from STDs

Female Condom -

A polyurethane sheath with a closed end that has a flexible ring that is

inserted in to the vagina

Female Condom -

Risks – Irritation and allergic reaction

Failure Rate – 21 pregnancies per 100 women per yearSee FDA effectiveness chart

Protection from STD – May provide some protection from STDs – Not as effective as a latex condom

Diaphragm with Spermicide -

A dome shaped rubber device that covers the cervix

Diaphragm with Spermicide -

Risks – Irritation and allergic reactions, urinary tract infection and in rare cases Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

Failure Rate – 15 pregnancies per 100 women per yearSee FDA effectiveness chart

Protection from STD – None

Sponge with Spermicide -

A disk-shaped polyurethane device with the spermicide nonoxynol -9

Sponge with Spermicide -

Risks – Irritation and allergic reaction, in rare cases TSS

Failure Rate – 16-32 pregnancies per 100 women per year

Cervical Cap with Spermicide-

A soft latex or silicone cup with a round rim, used to cover the cervix

Cervical Cap with Spermicide -

Risks – Irritation and allergic reaction, in rare cases TSS and abnormal Pap test

Failure Rate – 17-23 pregnancies per 100 women per year

Spermicide

A foam, cream, jelly, film or tablet that kills sperm

Spermicide

Risks – Irritation and allergic reaction, urinary tract infection

Hormonal Methods

Oral Contraceptives

Patch Vaginal Contraceptive Ring Shot/Injection

Combined Pill Progestin-only Extended/Continuous

Combined Pill

A pill that uses estrogen and progestin to stop ovaries from releasing eggs and thickens cervical mucus

Combined Pill -

Risks – Dizziness, nausea, changes in menstruation, mood, and weight, rarely cardiovascular disease, including high blood pressure, blood clots, heart attack and stroke

Progestin Only

A pill that uses progestin to reduce and thickens cervical mucus

Progestin Only-

Risks – Irregular bleeding, weight gain and breast tenderness

Extended/Continuous

A pill that uses estrogen and progestin and is taken in 3 month cycles, thus reducing the number of menstrual periods

Extended/Continuous

Risks – Similar to other pills, bleeding and spotting between periods

Skin patch worn on the body that releases progestin and estrogen into the bloodstream

Risks – Higher levels of estrogen

Vaginal Contraceptive Ring

A flexible ring that is inserted into the vagina and releases progestin and estrogen

Risks – Irritation, vaginal discharge, vaginal swelling and other risks similar to oral contraceptives

Vaginal Contraceptive Ring

Injection/Shot

An injectable form of progestin and estrogen, needed every 3 months

Risks – Bone loss, bleeding between periods, weight gain, breast tenderness, headaches

Failure Rate – 1 pregnancy per 100 women per year

Injection/Shot

Emergency Contraceptive

Pills containing progestin or estrogen and progestin, must be used within 72 hours after unprotected sex, should not be used as a regular form of birth control

Risks – Nausea, vomiting headaches, abdominal pain, fatigue and headaches

Emergency Contraceptive

Implanted Devices

IUD (Intrauterine Device) Implantable Rod

Intrauterine Device

A T-shaped device inserted in to the uterus by a health professional

Risks – Cramps, bleeding, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, tear or hole in uterus

Intrauterine Device

Implant

Matchstick sized rubber rods that are surgically implanted under the skin of the upper arm, that release progestin

Risks – Acne, weight gain, ovarian cysts, mood changes, depression, hair loss, headache, upset stomach, dizziness, soreness in breasts and changes in period

Implant

Photo - S. Linder

Permanent Methods for Women

Sterilization Implant –

Coil is placed in the fallopian tubes, causes scar tissue to form thus blocking the fallopian tubes

Risks – Mild to moderate pain after insertion, ectopic (tubal) pregnancy

Sterilization Surgery –

The fallopian tubes are tied off and cut apart, procedure done in hospital setting

Risks – Pain, bleeding, infection or other similar complications after surgery, ectopic (tubal) pregnancy

Permanent Methods for Men

Surgical Surgery (vasectomy) – A small incision is made in the scrotum, the vas deferens are then tied off, cut (a small portion may be removed) and the ends are stitched, clipped or cauterized (device destroys tissue)

Risks – Pain, bleeding, infection or other similar complications after surgery

Permanent Methods for Men

Let’s Review

Knowledge Assessment

The End

Reproductive Health & Safety Lesson 4 – FDA Approved Contraceptives.

Documents

Transcript of Reproductive Health & Safety Lesson 4 – FDA Approved Contraceptives.

Reproductive Health Care Coverage in Medi-Cal · intrauterine devices (IUD). Medi-Cal requires a prescription before it will cover over-the-counter contraceptives. Enrollees are permitted

Progestin-Only Injectable Contraceptives

Contraception Hormonal Methods. Hormonal Contraceptives: Mechanism of Action Synthetic estrogen and/or synthetic progesterone Combination hormone contraceptives.

The side effects of contraceptives

CONTRACEPTIVES CONTRACEPTIVES againstconception Most people - two needs: protection from pregnancy protection from pregnancy protection from STDs protection.

Yeast “contraceptives” also novel drugs

Oral contraceptives Epidemiological aspects

FDA Pregnancy, Lactation, and Reproductive Potential Labeling Rule

The Science Behind Hormonal Contraceptives

Hormonal contraceptives

Mongolia : Country WID Profile · Mongolia Education Sector Strategy 2000-2005 1999 MOECS ; n "n Report on Requirements and Management of Contraceptives and Essential Reproductive

FDA Briefing Document Bone, Reproductive and Urologic Drugs ...

Class oral contraceptives

Management of Contraceptives Side Effects

BSP Contraceptive Initiative To broaden sustainable access to quality hormonal contraceptives through a new commercial venture Reproductive Health Supplies.

PW - Pillules Contraceptives - Mai 2015

4. Oral contraceptives

Emergency Contraceptives - Ethical or Unethical

4- Hormonal Contraceptives

Rising Trends towards Herbal Contraceptives€¦ · Herbal contraceptives offer alternatives for women who have problems with or lack access to modern contraceptives options particularly