Replacing Methyl Bromide in Multiple Crop Plasticulture

Stanley Culpepper

University of Georgia

Tifton Campus

Complete pest control critical for 1st crop when growing multiple crops!

Purple and Yellow Nutsedges:Most Troublesome Weeds of Cucurbits, Fruiting Vegetables, Cole Crops and Greens, and Other

Vegetables

MB Alternatives Require a System

1. Fumigants

2. Mulches

3. Herbicides

Potential MB Alternatives (Multiple crops)

1. MIDAS 50:50 or 98:2 (methyl iodide + pic)

2. DMDS 79:21 (dimethyl disulfide + pic.)

3. Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam (3 WAY)

Numerous Mulch Options

Relationship of the mulch cost and ability to reduce fumigant rate and cost

DMDS 60 G, Blockade DMDS 70 G, LDPE

Telone II fb Vapam

LDPE mulch

V4-05, 60 DAT

Telone II fb Pic

LDPE mulch

Telone II fb Pic fb Vapam

LDPE mulch

Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2007.

0

20

40

60

80

100

3-WAY LDPE

3-WAY Blockade

Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest.

93 a

99a

Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2007.

0

20

40

60

80

100

3-WAY LDPE

3-WAY Blockade

3/4 rate LDPE

3/4 rate Blockade

Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest.

93 a

99a

75b

82 b

Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2007.

0

20

40

60

80

100

T2 + Pic LDPE

T2 + Pic Blockade

Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest.

38 b

81 a

Determine the Economics of the System

3-WAY LDPE ($885 per land acre)

VS

Telone + Pic High Barrier ($880 per land acre)

Potential MB Alternatives (Multiple crops)

DMDS 79:21 (dimethyl disulfide + pic.) under high barrier mulch

VS

Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam (3 WAY) under standard LDPE mulch

Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2008.

0

20

40

60

80

100

DMDS 40 G VIF

DMDS 50 G VIF

DMDS 60 G VIF

MB 50:50 240 lb VIF

3-WAY LDPE

99a

Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest. Soil temp 60 F.

99 a

99 a

99 a

99a

Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Fall 2007.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

DMDS 40 G VIF

DMDS 50 G VIF

DMDS 60 G VIF

MB 50:50 240 lb VIF

3-WAY LDPE

87 ab

98a93

ab85 b

70 c

Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest. Soil temp 93 F.

soil moisturesoil temperaturesoil compaction

PEST MANGEMENT DEPENDS ON

Large Crabgrass Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2008.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

DMDS 40 G VIF

DMDS 50 G VIF

DMDS 60 G VIF

MB 50:50 240 lb VIF

3-WAY

95 a89

b86b

63c

99a

Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest. Soil temp 93 F.

3-WAY

LDPE

DMDS + Pic

Blockade

Livid Amaranth Control by MB Alternative Systems. LTF, Spring 2008.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

DMDS 40 G VIF

DMDS 50 G VIF

DMDS 60 G VIF

MB 50:50 240 lb VIF

3-WAY

95 a

85 b75

b65c

95a

Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest. Soil temp 93 F.

Comparing MB Alternatives

1. Mulch - + -2. Smell - +

+3. Nutsedge + +/- +4. Annual grasses - + +5. Broadleaf weeds - + +6. Application Procedure + - +

DMDS 3-WAY MIDAS

Metam Application with blades 4” apart applying metam 4” deep

Comparing MB Alternatives

1. Mulch - + -2. Smell - +

+3. Nutsedge + +/- +4. Annual grasses - + +5. Broadleaf weeds - + +6. Application Procedure + - +7. Economics (cost/returns) ? + -

DMDS 3-WAY MIDAS

Herbicides Available to Compliment the Fumigant Program for Tomato

1. Preplant: Gramoxone, Roundup, Aim, Goal

2. PRE: Dual Mag, Devrinol, Sandea,

3. POST: Sencor, Sandea, Matrix, Select, Poast

4. Directed: Sencor, Envoke

5. Row Middles: Gramoxone, Envoke, Sandea, Aim,

Chateau

6. POST Harvest: Gramoxone or Roundup + Aim

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

No fumigant

Yellow nutsedge plants/A after a spring pepper crop and fall cucumber crop.*

*Long term study with spring pepper and fall cucumber treated with same fumigant each year. Vapam at 25 GPA and Roundup applied between crops.

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

No fumigant T2 fb Pic C35

Yellow nutsedge plants/A after a spring pepper crop and fall cucumber crop.*

*Long term study with spring pepper and fall cucumber treated with same fumigant each year. Vapam at 25 GPA and Roundup applied between crops.

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

No fumigant MB,MI,3-WAY

Yellow nutsedge plants/A after a spring pepper crop and fall cucumber crop.*

*Long term study with spring pepper and fall cucumber treated with same fumigant each year. Vapam at 25 GPA and Roundup applied between crops.

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

No fumigant

Livid amaranth plants/A after a spring pepper crop and fall cucumber crop.*

*Long term study with spring pepper and fall cucumber treated with same fumigant each year. Vapam at 25 GPA and Roundup applied between crops.

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

No fumigant T2 fb Pic C35 MB,Vapam,3-WAY

Livid amaranth plants/A after a spring pepper crop and fall cucumber crop.*

*Long term study with spring pepper and fall cucumber treated with same fumigant each year. Vapam at 25 GPA and Roundup applied between crops.

Herbicides Available to Compliment the Fumigant Program for Tomato

1. Preplant: Gramoxone, Roundup, Aim, Goal

2. PRE: Dual Mag, Devrinol, Sandea,

3. POST: Sencor, Sandea, Matrix, Select, Poast

4. Directed: Sencor, Envoke

5. Row Middles: Gramoxone, Envoke, Sandea, Aim,

Chateau

6. POST Harvest: Gramoxone or Roundup + Aim

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

No fumigant, No herbicide No fumigant, Dual Magnum

Livid amaranth plants/A after a spring pepper crop and fall cucumber crop.*

*Long term study with spring pepper and fall cucumber treated with same fumigant each year. Vapam at 25 GPA and Roundup applied between crops.

Control weeds before and IMMEDIATELY after the crop is produced

*The goal is to eliminate seed or tuber

production….you are fighting the SEED BANK

When Producing Multiple Crops

Cooperators

On Farm Cooperators

Coggins Farms

Lewis Taylor Farms

Southern Valley Produce

Application Help

Hendrix and Dail

John Mirusso

Industry

AmVac

Arysta

UPI

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