Wind and Water Power Program

Renewable Ocean Energy d h M iand the Marine Environment

Marine and Hydrokinetic Technologies

Alejandro MorenoUS DOE Water Power

Team Lead, Water Power

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November 3, 2010

U.S. Department of Energy’s Water Power Mission

DOE Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy does:

• Applied research, development, and deployment

• Policy role limited to advice and recommendationsrecommendations

The Water Power Program’s Mission is to:The Water Power Program s Mission is to:

1. Assess the potential extractable energy from domestic rivers, estuaries and marine waters

2. Help industry harness this renewable, emissions-free resource through environmentally sustainable and cost-

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effective electric generation

2

Rapid Program Growth

Program Funding ($M) FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10

Total $0.0 $8.3 $40 $50

Program Funding Breakdown by Technology

$40$45$50

$25$30$35$40

CONVENTIONALHYDROPOWER

MARINE &

26%

24% 52%

$5$10$15$20 MARINE &

HYDROKINETICTECHNOLOGY

74%76%

24%

8% 48%

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3

$-$5

FY 07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11

3

$0M 92%

8% 48%

Marine and Hydrokinetics (MHK)

Total MHK resource is significantsignificant and located close to load

But has yet to ybe well quantified and defined

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MHK Program Priorities

System Deployment, Testing and Validation• Facilitate the deployment and testing of full scale MHK prototypes and components • Support the development of integrated test centers

G t d t f li bilit d i t• Generate data on performance, reliability and impactsCost Reduction and System Performance/Reliability

• Support design and development of scale systems and components in order to reduce technology costs and improve performance and reliability

• Develop design and testing protocol, support developers who follow it• Develop numerical and physical tools to assist industry in device and system design and

operation. Understand Environmental Effects

• Generate and disseminate data to assess and evaluate environmental impacts and prioritize further research

• Collaborate with industry , regulators, and stakeholders to reduce siting and permitting burden while minimizing impactsg p

Resource Modeling• Determine the available, extractable, and cost-effective water resources in the US by location

and resource typeDevelop Evaluation and Performance Standards

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Develop Evaluation and Performance Standards• Characterize, evaluate and compare the wide variety of MHK technologies; continue IEC/IEA

standards development

MHK Project Portfolio

1.0 Technology Development 2.0 Market AccelerationSystem Development, Deployment and Verification

• Prove device functionality and generate cost, performance and

Resource Assessments• Quantify resource availability and

integrate with technology data to produce cost curvesg , p

reliability dataResearch Tools and Models

• Develop design codes, models

produce cost curves Environment and Siting

• Evaluate and minimize key environmental risks to permitting

necessary for system development and testing

Test Centers and Facilities• Ensure necessary facilities exist to

p gand deployment of demonstration projects

Economic Analysis and Market D l t• Ensure necessary facilities exist to

generate and collect system dataTechnology Characterization and Evaluation

Development

• Disseminate technology and resource data and integrate into energy benefit/deployment models

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• Develop computational models to analyze and evaluate test data

energy benefit/deployment models

Hydrokinetic Technology Readiness Advancement Initiative

DOE TRL 1-3Discovery /

Concept Definition / Early Stage

Development, Design and Engineering

DOE TRL 4: OProof of Concept

DOE TRL 5/6: System Integration and

Laboratory Demonstration

DOE TRL 7/8: Open Water System Testing,

Demonstration and OperationDemonstration, and Operation

DOE TRL 9:Array Testing

TRL FOA Focuses on these Initial Stages of Development

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y g

DOE TRL 10:Commercialization

Initial Stages of Development

Hydrokinetic Technology Readiness Advancement Initiative—Cont.

• Largest U.S. Federal award for MHK development to date• Awards $37 million in funding to 27 projects • Awards $37 million in funding to 27 projects • Supports RDT&E for a variety of MHK devices in various regimes across a wide range of technology readiness levels

• Pushing towards commercialization while seeking to keep the “technology pipeline” full.

Awards by TRL

Systems Componentsy p

TRL 1-3 9 4 5TRL 4 6 3 3

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TRL 5/6 9 5 4TRL 7/8 3 3 N/A

Technology Demonstration

2010 Summary—Funded Under DOE Solicitation

• Snohomish PUD—deploy, operate, and monitor two 10-meter OpenHydro tidal turbines

• Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 150 kW PowerBuoy off the coast of OregonO ego

• Ocean Renewable Power Company, five grid-connected TidGen turbines off Eastport Maineoff Eastport, Maine

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DOE-BOEM-NOAA Broad Agency Announcement

Summary

$$5 million in research funding under eight topic areas—DOE contribution of $1.25 million.Directly funds activities that meet deliverables of BOEM/DOE MOU

Off Cand Atlantic Offshore Wind Energy Consortium, as well as the newly created National Ocean Council.Addresses immediate and long-term environmental information

d f b h h ff h i d d i d h d ki ineeds of both the offshore wind and marine and hydrokinetic industries. Unique opportunity for DOE to partner with BOEM and NOAA to

h d ll t t i f l t densure research dollars target issues of regulatory need.Partnership and leveraging magnifies the effectiveness and reduces redundancies in agency environmental research

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portfolios.

MHK Resource Assessments

Existing Resource Assessments: • Very basic and incomplete; show moderateVery basic and incomplete; show moderate resource size

P S t d D t il d RProgram Supported Detailed Resource Assessments• Comprehensive across the U.S; integrated

tacross resource type– Wave: EPRI and VA Tech, complete in 2011– Tidal: Georgia Tech, complete in 2011

O C G i T h l i FY2012– Ocean Current: Georgia Tech, complete in FY2012– Instream: EPRI, complete in FY 2012– OTEC: Lockheed Martin, complete in FY 2012

Fi l I t t d M d l N ti l A d f

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– Final Integrated Model: National Academy of Sciences, Complete FY 2012

Environmental Deployment Challenges

2.1 Environmental Impacts & Siting

2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 62 1 5 2 1 72 1 32.1.1 Categorizing

and Evaluation the Effects of

Stressors

2.1.2 Effects on Physical Systems

2.1.4Species and Site-Specific

Impacts

2.1.6 Socio-Economic

Impacts

2.1.5Monitoring

and Mitigation

2.1.7Permitting &

Planning

2.1.3Effects on

Aquatic Organisms

1 Data is often scarce and expensive1. Data is often scarce and expensive

2. Magnitude of potential environmental effects has not been assessed3. Siting, permitting, and mitigation require a wealth of environmental 

datadata4. Lack of pre‐deployment and monitoring standards leads to regulatory 

uncertainty

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Environmental Research Beginning to Yield Results, Partnerships Yielding Data

Project Title: Assessment of the Environmental Effects of Hydrokinetic Turbines on Fish: Desktop and Laboratory Flume Studies

• PI: Doug Dixon, EPRI• Partners: Alden Research Laboratory USGS Conte Anadromous Fish Research LaboratoryPartners: Alden Research Laboratory, USGS Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory• Objectives: Determining the probability of blade strike and injury, and the behavior of fish as they

encounter hydrokinetic turbines.• Two out of three turbine tested in lab settings

• Fish avoiding the turbines, no fatalities observedFish avoiding the turbines, no fatalities observed

Annex IV • International environmental data sharing agreement• International experts meeting in Ireland• Database housing data will be complete by FY 2012

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Offshore Wind:Challenges and Activities

Key ChallengesHigh cost of energy

High capital costs

DOE ActivitiesTechnology Development

Innovative system conceptsHigh capital costsReliability & maintenance challengesPerceived technology risks

Permitting processes and siting

Innovative system conceptsComponent development & testingDesign codes, methods, and verificationTesting facilities; manufacturing process

researchconsiderations

Radar interferenceEnvironmental and siting risksRegulatory timelines

Reducing Market BarriersInteragency coordination & collaborationSiting & permitting strategiesOffshore wind resource characterizationTransmission planning strategiesRegulatory timelines

Technical challengesDomestic supply chain developmentHigh cost of grid connectionI l t k l d f ff h

Transmission planning strategiesEnvironmental data gathering & sharing

Advanced Technology DemonstrationDemonstration projects

Incomplete knowledge of offshore resource

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MHK Cost Reduction Pathway

Step 1. Demonstrate functionality and establish baseline cost and performance data

• Initiate targeted R&D necessary to advance components and systems to demonstration phase

• Support comprehensive testing at progressive technology stages to quantify cost and performance drivers

• Develop tools, models, and materials to ensure system survivability

• Identify and minimize key environmental impacts to allow for demonstration permits

Step 2. Quantify key COE drivers

• Integrate resource assessments, technology cost and performance data, advancedIntegrate resource assessments, technology cost and performance data, advanced cost/performance models to identify critical drivers to reduce overall COE across MHK technologies

Step 3. Refine R&D priorities and set resource specific COE milestones

• Adjust RD&D focus as necessary to reflect critical components, energy capture designs, and siting needs for least cost MHK systems

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All 3 steps require devices in the water

Questions or Comments?

Jacques Beaudry-LosiqueProgram Manager, Wind and Water Technologies

202 586 3588202-586-3588Jacques.Beaudry-Losique@ee.doe.gov

Al j d MAlejandro MorenoTeam Lead, Water Power

202-586-8171Alejandro.Moreno@ee.doe.gov

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Slide 16

Technology Demonstration—Snohomish PUD

Washington State—Puget Sound

• Two 10-meter OpenHydro tidal p yturbines—1 MW peak, 100 kW average generation.

• Deploy operate monitor and • Deploy, operate, monitor, and evaluate—Collect critical performance and environmental data.

DOE F di $10 000 000 T t l • DOE Funding: $10,000,000. Total Project Value: $20,100,000.

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Technology Demonstration—Ocean Power Technology

Oregon Coast

•Full-scale 150 kilowatt PowerBuoy

•Two years of detailed operating datadata

•Obtain critical technical and cost performance data

•DOE Funding: $2,400,000. Total Project Value: $4,800,000.

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Technology Demonstration—Ocean Renewable Power Company

Eastport, Maine

•Build, install, operate, and monitor , , p ,a commercial-scale array of five grid-connected TidGen™ Project devices on the sea floor in Cobscook Bay

•ORPC's cross-flow turbine tidal energy technology, producing a full-e e gy ec o ogy, p oduc g a uscale, grid-connected energy system

•Advance the technical operational •Advance the technical, operational and environmental goals of the tidal energy industry

DOE F di $10 000 000 T t l

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•DOE Funding: $10,000,000. Total Project Value: $21,100,000

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DOE-BOEM-NOAA Broad Agency Announcement—Cont.

Topic Areas

• Topic 1: Characterization & Potential Impacts of Noise Producing Construction & Operation Activities on the Outer Continental Shelf (BOEM)

• Topic 2: Protocols for Baseline Studies and Monitoring for Ocean Renewable Energy (BOEM, DOE, NOAA)

• Topic 3: Physical Oceanography Field Study to Assess Potential Environmental Impacts of Prospective Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy-Generating Devices (Unfunded in FY 10)

• Topic 4: Evaluation of Environmental Monitoring Technologies for Offshore• Topic 4: Evaluation of Environmental Monitoring Technologies for Offshore Renewable Energy (DOE, NOAA, BOEM)

• Topic 5: Sub-Seabed Geologic Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Best Management Practices (BOEM)g ( )

• Topic 6: Renewable Energy Visual Evaluations (BOEM)• Topic 7: Renewable Energy Capacity Inventory in Coastal Alaska (Unfunded

in FY 10)

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• Topic 8: Ocean Renewable Energy Siting in the Context of Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (DOE, BOEM, NOAA)