Renaissance and Reformation: Test Review

Chapter 1

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When a Protestant group broke away from the Catholic Church, it became a religious

Sect.

In his book The Prince, wrote a guide to rulers on how to gain and keep power

Niccolò Machiavelli.

The government run by church leaders in

Geneva in 1541 was a .

Theocracy

The sun is at the center of the universe,according to a theory of______________.

Nicolaus Copernicus

Before airplanes were invented, . made sketches of flying machines.

Leonardo da Vinci

The scientist showed that gravity keeps planets in their orbits around the sun.

Isaac Newton

A printing revolution began when . invented a printing press using movable type.

Johann Gutenberg

Those who believe in think that God has already decided who will be saved.

Predestination

With the support of the Medici family, thecity-state of produced manyRenaissance artists and scholars.

Florence

The northern Renaissance began in the thriving trading region of .

Flanders

One way that Renaissance artists reflected the new ideas of humanismwas by painting

a) large, Gothic-style buildings.b) stylized rather than realistic people.c) well-known people of the day.

The city of Geneva became a model of Protestant morality under its leader

a) John Calvin.b) Ulrich Zwingli.c) Martin Luther.

As a result of the Peace of Augsburg in 1555,

a) each German prince could decide the religion for his lands.

b) the Catholic Church made a series of reforms.

c) Martin Luther was excommunicated from the Catholic Church.

Sir Thomas More was executed because he

a) would not stand with Henry VIII against the Protestant revolt.

b) would not accept Henry VIII as head of the Church in England.

c) protested the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.

The pope set up the Council of Trent to

a) fight Protestantism by rooting out heresy.

b) direct the reform of the Catholic Church.

c) translate the Bible into the vernacular.

What common subject of the northern Renaissance did Albrecht Dürer’s engravings portray?

a) scenes of peasant lifeb) religious upheavalc) realistic portraits of women

René Descartes believed that the best way to learn truth was to use

a) reason.b) experimentation.c) observation.

In the 1600s, Robert Boyle’s work transformed the field of

a) medicine.b) astronomy.c) chemistry.

True or False. The term Renaissance means “rebirth.”

True.

True or False. Martin Luther’s 95 Theses was addressing the Protestant Church’s abuses called indulgences.

False.

Answer 2 of the following questions completely, in at least 2 paragraphs (4 – 5 sentences each).

1. The period in Western Europe that began in the 1300s and peaked around 1500 is called the Renaissance. What does the word renaissance mean? Do you think this name accurately describes this period in history? Explain why or why not.

2. How did the Church change the practice of granting indulgences by the late 1400s? Explain how this change contributed to theProtestant Reformation.

3. At the beginning of the Protestant reformation, Henry VIII supported the Catholic Church against reformers. How did Henry end up taking over the English church?

4. The steps in the scientific method are typically shown as a circular process. Why is this so?