Reinishing Program3 OverheadMastersarcmather.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/1/3/121368310/overhead... ·...

RefinishingProgram3

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USA•3701AlgonquinRoad,Suite400•RollingMeadows,Illinois60008-3118•1-800-ICAR-USA•Fax1-800-590-1215

CANADA•10MilnerBusinessCourt,Suite404•Scarborough,OntarioM1B3C6•1-800-565-ICAR•Fax1-800-831-3034

NEWZEALAND•P.O.9208•Hamilton2015•07-849-0159•Fax07-849-4803

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USA•3701AlgonquinRoad,Suite400•RollingMeadows,Illinois60008-3118•1-800-ICAR-USA•Fax1-800-590-1215CANADA•10MilnerBusinessCourt•Scarborough,OntarioM1B3C6•1-800-565-ICAR•Fax1-800-831-3034NEWZEALAND•P.O.9208•Hamilton2015•07-849-0159•Fax07-849-4803

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AttentionStudent:Accuracyandtimelinessofyourcertificates,GoldClassandStudentHistorydependsonlegibilityandaccuracyofthisform.

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BusinessType: Occupation:(Checkonlyone)CollisionIndependentCollisionCarDealerIndependentAppraiserInsuranceMechanicalGlassSupplier/JobberSchoolRecyclerOther:

CollisionTechnicianRefinishTechnicianCombinationTechnicianElectrical/MechanicalTechnicianAlignment/SuspensionTechnicianShopEstimator/SalespersonIndependentAppraiser/Adjuster/EstimatorPartsManagerProductionManager/ForemanShopOwner/Manager

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IntroductionsAndHousekeeping

• Introductions

• Emergencyexitsandfireextinguishers

• Restrooms

• Refreshments

• Smokingareas

• Breaks

• Classtimes

• Post-Testprocedures

• Certificateprocedures

• Studentprogramdiscs

• Classschedules

• I-CARIDProgram

• GoldClass

IntroductionsAndHousekeeping(cont’d)

Thelearningobjectivesforthismoduleinclude:

• explainingobligationstothecustomer.

• understandingthetypesofliabilitiesinvolvedinvehiclerepairs.

LearningObjectives

ObligationsToCustomer

Performrepairsusing:

• recommendedortestedprocedures.

• qualityreplacementpartsandmaterials.

• writtenandagreeduponrepairprocesses.

ReduceLiability

• Performrepairsthoroughly,correctly,andaslistedindamagereport

• Documentrepairs

• Followproperprocedures

Protectyourselfby:

• usingrecommendedortestedprocedures,andqualityreplacementpartsandmaterials.

• keepingthoroughrecords.

LiabilityExposure

RecordKeeping

Statements

Invoice

• Legiblenotes

• Verifyrepairs

• Signedwaiver

• Computer,scantool,orOEMprintouts

• Keepreceiptsforsubletwork

Topicsthatcreateaconflictwithanti-trustlawsorcombinesactwillnotbediscussed.

Video:TopicsOffLimits

LearningObjectives

Learningobjectivesforthismoduleinclude:

• definingcolorandhowlightaffectscolor.

• definingandtestingcolorvisiondeficiency.

• definingmetamerismandhowtopreventmetamerism.

• describingwhataspectrophotometerisusedfor.

• Qualityoflightasperceivedbytheeye

• Affectedbythelightsource

• Affectedbyperson’sabilitytoseecolors

DefinitionOfColor

White Light

• Whitelightismixtureoflightwavelengths

• Prismbreakswhitelightintocolorspectrum

• Colorsalwaysinsameorder

– ROYG.BIV

TheCompositionOfLight

• Lightonanobjectabsorbsandreflectswavelengths

• Reflectedweseeascolor

• Paintcolordependson:

– pigments.

– lightsource.

HowLightAffectsColor

SunlightIsStandard

• Entirevisiblelightspectrum

• Standardforcomparingotherlightsources

• Usedforcolorevaluations

– ifnotavailable,usedaylight-corrected

Metamerism

• Thecolormatchesunderonlyonelightsource

• Incandescenthasmoreyellows,oranges,reds

• Fluorescenthasmoreviolets,reds

Sunlight

Fluorescent Light

More Violet

Blue Panel Blue Panel

PreventingMetamerism

• Tintbasesonlywithinformula

• DoNOTuseanotherrefinishmaterial

• Onlynaturallighting

• DoNOTmixbyhandoreye

ColorVisionDeficiency

• Red-yellows,blue-greens,yellow-greens,blue-reds

• Hereditaryorcausedbyage

• Morecommoninmenthanwomen

• Maybemildorsevere

ColorVisionDeficiency(cont’d)

• Nicotine,alcohol,caffeine

• Someprescriptiondrugs

• Generalhealth

• Colorfatigue

• Carbonmonoxideintake

VehicleIsTheStandard

• Colorofvehiclebeingrefinishedmustbematched

• OEMcolorstandardsgiventopaintmakers

• DifferencesfromtheOEMcolorstandards

• Frequentvariancesbecomeaformula

• Books

• Decks

• Strips

ColorVariancePrograms

Thisvideoshowshowacolorvarianceprogramworks.

Video:ColorVariancePrograms

• Tintedortintable

• Canaffectcolormatch

• Improvespoorhidingofsomebasecoats

• Followrecommendations

ColoredUndercoats

Video:Spectrophotometers

Aspectrophotometerishelpfulwhenapaintcodedoesnotmatchthevehiclecolor.Thisvideoshowshowtousethisinstrument.

Whichofthesebestdescribeswhyweseeapanelasred?

A. Thelightsourcecontainsmoreredwavelengthsthananyothercolor.

B. Thelightsourcecontainseverywavelengthexceptred.

C. Thepigmentsinthepanelreflectallbuttheredwavelength,whichisabsorbed.

D. Thepigmentsinthepanelabsorballbuttheredwavelength,whichisreflected.

Review#1

Review#2

TechnicianAsaysthatcolorvarianceprogramsarenecessarybecauseofcolordifferencesthatoccuronautomotiveassemblyproductionlines.

TechnicianBsaysthatacollisionrepairfacilitycanhaveitsowncolorvarianceprogrambasedonpreviousrepairs.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB

Whichofthesebestdescribesmetamerism?

A. Differentlightsourcescausingapainttoappeartochangecolors

B. Shiftingpigmentscausingthepainttoappeartochangecolors

C. Notbeingabletodistinguishbetweenredandblueduetoacolorvisiondeficiency

D. Apanelshowingadifferentcolorwhenviewedfromasteepangle

Review#3

Topicsdiscussedinthismoduleincluded:

• colorandhowlightaffectscolor.

• metamerismandhowtopreventmetamerism.

Conclusion

Sunlight

Fluorescent Light

More Violet

Blue Panel Blue Panel

• colorvisiondeficiency.

• spectrophotometers.

Conclusion(cont’d)

• workingwithmetallicandmicafinishes.

• definingprism-effectfinishes.

• makingandevaluatingtestpanelsformetallicsandmicas.

LearningObjectives

• Finelygroundmetal,usuallyaluminum

• Appearancechange

– differentdepthsandangles

– sizeandcharacter

– concentration

MetallicFlakes

Metallic

Flakes

• Roundlensshape

• Strongerthanstandardflakes

– nobreakup

– brighter,cleanerfinish

– fewervariants

• Refinishwiththesametype

RoundAluminumFlakes

Standard

• Changehead-ontosideangle

• Metallicsormicas

• Light/darkorcolor

• Intendedornot

• Impropertechnique

FlopDistance

• Longerthanhead-onview

• Moremetallics

– canchangebrightness

• Moremicapigments

– canchangecolororbrightness

Video:CheckingFlop

Startthevideotoseeanexampleofhowtoconsidertheflopanglewhencomparingavariancedeckchiporatestpaneltothevehiclecolor.

ConsiderFlop

• Maketestpaneltoidentifyflopbeforesprayingvehicle

– ifnomatch,doNOTblend

• Changetechnique

• Considertinting

• Flopcontrolagentsmaybeincludedinformula

MicaPigments

• Minedmineral,coated

• Basecoats,midcoats

• Lightpassingthroughisbackground

• Reflectedlightishighlight

• Colorschangebasedonview

Light Reflects

Passes Through

Titanium DioxideTitanium Dioxide

Mica Flake

Titanium DioxideTitanium Dioxide

WhiteMicaPigments

• Whitehead-on

• Silveryonflop

• Withmetallics,reducemetalliceffecthead-on

• Whenalone,brightencolorhead-on,darkenflop

Special-EffectMicaPigments

• Multi-stagefinishes

• Lightenordarkenonflop,dependingoncolor

• DoNOTrequiretinting

– basecoatprovidescolor

• Sprayonwhitepanel

– lookfromseveralangles

– requiresunlight

– saveforfuture

• Studynewmicatints

DeterminingMicaEffect

• Manufactured

• Layersofreflectingandsemi-transparentmetals

• Appliedlikeabasecoat

– flakeorientationnoaffect

• Easilyblended

Prism-EffectFlake

Normal

Near-Normal

Flop Color

Light Sources

Glass-Like

Semi-Transparent

Absorber Metal

Semi-Transparent

Absorber Metal

Reflector Metal

• Evaluatesmulti-stagefinishes

• Determinesnumberofcoatsofmidcoatforcolormatch

• Applybasecoat,midcoatsortintedclearcoat,clearcoat

Let-DownPanel

Thisvideoshowshowtomakealet-downpanelforevaluatingamulti-stagefinish.

Video:MakingALet-DownPanel

• Forbasecoatswithmica

• Doneinthirds

• Showshowmuchbasecoatprovidesbestmatch

• Showshowfilmthicknessaffectshead-onandflop

Color-EffectPanel

MakingAColor-EffectPanel

1. Applyprimer.

2. Mask2/3andapplybasecoat.

3. Unmask1/3andapplybasecoat.

4. Unmaskall.Apply2coatsbasecoat.

5. Applyclearcoat.

4 Coats Of

Basecoat

3 Coats Of

Basecoat

2 Coats Of

Basecoat

Prime/Clearcoat

Entire Panel

AllofthesemayaffecttheappearanceofametallicflakeinametalliccolorEXCEPTtheflake’s:

A. size.

B. shape.

C. depthinthepaintfilm.

D. color.

Review#1

TechnicianAsaysthatafirststepstrategyforcorrectingunwantedflopwouldbetotintthecolor.

TechnicianBsaysthatafirststepstrategyforcorrectingunwantedflopwouldbetoadjustyoursprayingtechnique.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB

Review#2

• metallicandmicafinishes.

• prism-effectfinishes.

• panelsformetallicsandmicas.

Conclusion

Normal

Near-Normal

Flop Color

Sources

Semi-Transparent

Absorber MetalGlass-Like

Glass-Like

LayerSemi-Transparent

Absorber Metal

Reflector Metal

Metallic

Flakes

• definingmaterialsandmethodsusedforrefinishingplastics.

• blendingtechniquesandmethods.

• definingtopcoatadditivesandmaterials.

• definingandcorrectingapplicationproblems.

LearningObjectives

• Plasticcleaner

• Mayrequire:

– flexadditive.

– adhesionpromoter.

– specialsealer.

MaterialsForPlastics

• Holdingjigforpositioningoff-vehiclepartinsameorientationasonvehicle

• Groundingvehicleorpart

• Heatingpartorvehicletoeliminatemoldreleaseagents

PossibleRequirementsForPlastics

Thisvideoshowsmethodsforrefinishingplastics.

Video:RefinishingPlastics

• Mostrefinishrepairs

• Trickseyeintoseeingonecolor

• Someoforiginalfinishshowsthrough

• Helpsdisguiseslightcolordifferences

BlendingTheory

2nd Coat

1st Coat

2nd Coat

1st Coat

• Willnothideseverecolormismatch

• Nosubstitutefortinting

• Smallanareaaspossible

LimitationsOfBlending

• Appliedbefore,after,orwithcolorcoat

• Causesdryedgetoflowoutormeltintofinish

• Maycontainclearcoatandbasecoat

BlendingSolvents

Video:ApplyingABlendingSolvent

Startthevideotoseehowablendingsolventisappliedtotheblendedge.

• Keepscolorblendingareasmall

• Reversemaskingonbodylines

• Dependsonvehicledesign

• Alltypesoffinishes

• Onlydonewithbasecoat

ZoneBlending

• ContainUVinhibitors

• Usuallypolyurethaneenamel

• Givebasecoatdeeperlook

• Naturalgloss

• Varyinhardness

Clearcoats

• Appliedoverprimer,primer-surfacer,orprevioustopcoat

– justbeforecolororbasecoat

• Protectsprimerfromtopcoatsolvents

• Providesadhesionfortopcoat

Sealer

Panel With Previous Finish Panel With Previous Finish

Refinish Topcoats Refinish Topcoats

SealerSealer

Primer

New Or Recycled Panel

Refinish Topcoats Refinish Topcoats

New Or Recycled Panel

Primer

• Alsocalledprimer-sealer

• Notsanded

• Notdesignedforbaremetalbutwillprotectminorcut-throughs

• Maybetintedortintableforbetterhiding

Sealer(cont’d)

• Dryingaccelerators

• Dryingretarders

• Flatteningagents

• Addonlywhenrecommended

TopcoatAdditives

Chip-Resistant Coating

Chip-ResistantCoatings

• Leadingedgesandbottomofrockerpanels

• Originallybeneathtopcoat

• Refinishmaybeontopcoat

• Testpanelformatchingtexture

TypesOfApplicationProblems

• Improperpreparation

• Contamination

• Sprayequipment

• Dryingandcuring

InconsistentOrangePeelCauses

• Spraygunadjustment

• Airpressure

• Toohotorcold

• Improperflash,purge,ordry

• Reducer

• Mixingproblem

• Propersprayguntechnique

• Avoidextremetemperatures

• Properreduction

• Mixthoroughly

Correctbysandingandbuffingorrefinish.

PreventingInconsistentOrangePeel

• Impropercleaningortacking

• Dirtinworkarea,spraygun,refinish,ontechnician

• Staticchargeonvehicle

• Dirtyfilters

CausesOfDirtInTheFinish

PreventingDirtInTheFinish

• Thoroughlycleanarea

• Troubleshootsource

• Blowoffmoldings,seams

• Tackbetweencoatings

• Uselint-freestrainer

Fisheyes

• Siliconecontamination

Checkfor:

• pattern

• oilinairlines

• air

• skin

• intakefilters

• propercleaning

CausesOfRunsOrSags

• Sprayguntooclose

• Improperreduction

• Tooshortflashtime

• Improperspraygunsetup

• Toocold

PreventingRunsOrSags

• Sprayboothtemperaturecorrect

• Propertechnique

• Propersetup

• Surfacetemperature

• Storematerialsproperly

LowGloss

• Flashtimeignored

• Tooheavymistcoats

• Poormixing

• Tocorrect,polishorsandandrefinish

Natural Gloss

Low Gloss

DrySprayCauses

• Reducertoofast

• Sprayingtoofast

• Airpressuretoohigh

• Sprayguntoofarfromsurface

• Wrongspraygunsettings

PoorHidingCauses

• Improperstirring

• Unevenspraying

• Improperlighting

• Toomuchreducer

CausesOfCorrosionUnderTheFinish

• Impropermetalpreparation

• Brokenpaintfilm

• Waterincompressedairsupply

PreventingCorrosionUnderTheFinish

• Treatbaremetal

• Repairchipsquickly

• Cleanbeforerefinishing

• Wipeoffwaterandsandingresidue

• Inspectfilters

TapeTracking

• Tapeleftonfreshpaintfilm

• Insufficientdryingtimeortemperaturetosetuptopcoat

• Preventbyremovingmaskingwhendry

• Cleansurface

• Drainoil/waterseparator

• Usepropergradereducer

• Properfilmthicknessanddryandflashtimes

PreventingBlistering

• Incompatiblematerials

• Pooradhesion

• Tooshortflashordrytime

• Toolongflashtime

• Tooheavyapplication

Wrinkling

SolventPoppingCauses

• Surfacepreparation

• Aircontamination

• Thicklayers

• Flashtime

• Spraypressure

• Hardener/reducer

SolventPoppingPrevention

• Properspraytechniquesandsetup

• Properflashtimes

• Maintainequipment

• Cleanthoroughly

• Useproperhardenerandreducer

SandscratchSwelling

• Improperpreparation

• Sandingtooaggressively

• Wronggradereducer

• Tooshortprimer-surfacerdrytime

• Undercoatstooheavy

Die-Back

• Dullfinish

• Wrongreducer

• Cooldrying

• Improperdryingairflow

• Toomuchfilmbuild

Die-Back(cont’d)

• Buffingtooearly

• Preventbyfollowingproperprocedures

Peeling

• Improperfilmbuild

• Poorprep

• Maskingonrefinish

• Wrongreducer

• Notsealed

• Incompatiblematerials

PoorHardening

• Toocoldduringsprayingordrying

• Basecoattooheavy

• Pooraircirculation

Correctbydryingagain,orstripandrefinish

Ablendingprocedure:

A. ensurescompletehidingoftheoriginalfinish.

B. trickstheeyeintoseeingonecolor.

C. hidesseverecolormismatches.

D. isarefinishtechnician’soptiontotinting.

Review#1

TechnicianAsaysthatignoringflashtimescancausepoorhiding.

TechnicianBsaysthatignoringflashtimescancausesolventpopping.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB

Review#2

Sealers:

A. maybeavailableindifferenttints.

B. aresandedtosmoothoutminordefects.

C. areonlyappliedoverprimer-surfacer.

D. areappliedjustbeforepriming.

Review#3

• materialsandmethodsusedforrefinishingplastics.

• blendingtechniquesandmethods.

Conclusion

• topcoatadditivesandmaterials.

• definingandcorrectingapplicationproblems.

• mixingandapplyingasingle-stagecolor.

• mixingandapplyingabasecoat/clearcoatrefinish.

• mixingandapplyingamulti-stagerefinish.

LearningObjectives

• Addcolorasrequiredtotint,ifrequired

• Properlysetupspraygun

• Pourintospraygunpaintcup

MixSealer

• Applyoneortwocoats

• Allowtoflashbetweencoats

• Allowtodrybeforeapplyingcolor

ApplySealer

• Mixcolor,hardener,reducer

• Adjustspraygunandtestspraypattern

MixColor

ApplyColor

• Maketestpanelandcomparetovehicle

• Mediumcoatstocoverage

• Alloweachcoattoflash

• Tackbeforeandbetweencoats

• Clearcoatoption

DryAndCleanUp

• Air-orforce-dry

• Properlydisposeoforrecycleremainingmaterial

• Cleanspraygun

Video:Single-StageRefinishingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofapplyingasingle-stagefinish.

Single-StagePlasticRefinishing

• Flexadditivemayberequiredinthecolor

• Flatteningagentoptionalforinterior

• Optionswhensprayingmultipleparts

• Addcolor,asneeded

MixSealer

• Applyoneortwocoats

• Allowtoflashbetweencoats

• Allowproperdrytimebeforeapplyingbasecoat

ApplySealer

• Mixperrecommendation

• Pourintosprayguncup

• Adjustspraygunandtestspraypatterntoadjustaircappressure

MixBasecoat

• Maketestpanelandcomparetovehicle

– tintifnecessary

• Applysinglecoatsuntilundercoatishidden

– generally1–2mils

ApplyBasecoat

ApplyBasecoat(cont’d)

• Flashbetweencoats

• Mayrequiretackingbetweencoats

• DoNOTachievegloss

• Fisheyesfixedwithmistcoats

MixClearcoat

• Recycleunusedbasecoat

• Cleanspraygun

• Mixclearcoat

ApplyClearcoat

• Generally2singlecoats

– DoNOTapplyheavily

• Allowtoflash5–10minutesbetweencoats

• Buildto2–3mils

Video:Basecoat/ClearcoatRefinishingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofapplyingabasecoat/clearcoatfinish.

Basecoat/ClearcoatPlasticRefinishing

• Flexadditivemayberequiredinbasecoatorclearcoatorboth

• Optionsformultiplepanels

2nd Coat

1st Coat

2nd Coat

1st Coat

BasecoatBlending

• Sandingpaste

• Applyblendingsolvent

– basecoatareaorpanel

• Extendeachcoatbeyondprevious

• Additionalblendingsolvent

Clearcoat

Basecoat

2nd Coat Clearcoat

1st Coat Clearcoat

Basecoat

ClearcoatApplication

• Tocompletepanel

• Ifnopaneledge,extendtooppositesideforwarranty

• Mayrecommendfirstcoatonbasecoat,secondcoatcomplete

ClearcoatBlending

• NotproperUVprotection

• Maynotbecoveredbywarranty

• Followpaintmaker’sprocedures

• Userequiredblendingsolvents

Video:Basecoat/ClearcoatBlendingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofblendingabasecoat/clearcoatfinishwithinthesamepanel.

• Tintasneeded

• Pourintopaintcup

• Apply1–2coats

• Allowtodrybeforeapplyingbasecoat

MixAndApplySealer

• Mixbasecoatperrecommendation

• Makelet-downpanel

• Applytohiding

MixAndApplyBasecoat

• Properlyrecyclematerial

• Mixmidcoatortintedclearcoat

• Adjustspraygunandtest

MixMidcoat

• Refertolet-downpanel

• Agitatetokeepmicaoriented

• Properlyrecyclematerial

• Cleanspraygun

ApplyMidcoat

MixAndApplyClearcoat

• Mixclearcoat

• Tack,andapply2mils

• Four-partrefinisheshavebothmicamidcoatandtintedclearcoat

Video:Multi-StageRefinishingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofapplyingamulti-stagefinish.

• Optionsforflexadditive

– twospraygunmethod

– separateprocedures

– flexadditiveonallpanels

Multi-StagePlasticRefinishing

Multi-StageBlending

• Preparelargerareathanothertypeblends

• Extendeachcoatofbasecoatslightlybeyondprevious

• Spraypatternofmidcoatmustbeeven

– problemsdifficulttocorrect

Clearcoat

2nd Midcoat

1st Midcoat

Basecoat

Video:Multi-StageBlendingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofblendingamulti-stagefinishwithinthesamepanel.

Whichofthesestepsisrecommendedbysomepaintmakerswhenapplyingasingle-stagerefinish?

A. Applyingasealerbetweeneachcoat

B. Applyingamicamidcoat

C. Applyingaclearcoat

D. Usingaflexadditiveonmetalparts

Review#1

TechnicianAsaysthatthebasecoatonamulti-stagefinishcanbesandedtoremovedefects.

TechnicianBsaysthatthemidcoatcanbesandedtoremovedefects.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB

Review#2

• mixingandapplyingasingle-stagecolor.

• mixingandapplyingabasecoat/clearcoatrefinish.

Conclusion

• mixingandapplyingamulti-stagerefinish.

• describingthecolorwheelandthethreedimensionsofcolor.

• describingtinting,andwhentintingmaybeneeded.

• plottingsolidandmetalliccolors.

• mappingsolidandmetalliccolors.

LearningObjectives

Theorybasedonthreecolordimensions:

• Value

• Hue

• Chroma

Mainwheelcolorsarered,blue,yellow,andgreen.

ColorWheel

Thisvideoexplainsthethreecolordimensions,value,hue,andchroma,asthetheoryappliestomatchingavehiclecolor.

Video:Value,Hue,AndChroma

Lighter The Color =

Higher The Value

Darker The Color =

Lower The Value

• Degreeoflightnessordarkness

• Increasesascolorislightened

• Centeraxisofwheel

• Purewhiteattopandblackatbottom

• Identifiedfirst

• Normallyconsideredcolor

• Alsocalledcolor,cast,tint,andshade

• Movearoundwheelinspecificsequence,buteitherdirection

– BRYG

Yellow

RedGreen Neutral

RG Blue

Chroma

• Levelofintensityofacolorwithinasetvalue

• Alsocalledsaturation,richness,intensity,muddiness,dirtiness,grayness

• Increasesasmovesoutwardandviceversa

SecondaryColors

• Locatedbetweenfourmaincolors

• Movetowardmaincoloroneitherside

• Purplecanonlymovetowardblueorred

Neutral

es Purples

AdjustingHue

• Crossingthroughbasiccolorsdirtiescolor.

• Refertobluer,redder,yellower,orgreener.

• Referringtoblueasbluerischroma.

Yellow

RedGreen Neutral

Refinish Vehicle

• Chipsinorderforvalue,hue,andchroma

• Value:fromwhitetoblack

– metallictoblack

• Hue:Startwithfourmajorcolors

• Chroma:Grayandmoveout

I-CARColorMovementChart

• Positionscolorsalongverticalsliceofcolortree

• Constanthue

• Arrangedinorderforvalueandchroma

MunsellColorChart

Chroma

/2 /4 /6 /8 /10 /12 /14

• Lastresort

• Toachieveblendablematch

• Ensureformulaiscorrect

• Checkcolorvariances

• Comparetestpaneltovehicle

WhenToTint

• Mixingtints

• Measuringdevicesorpaintmixingscale

• Recordkeepingworksheets

• Tintingguides

TintingEquipment

• Tintsineachcolorgroup

• Blacks,grays,andwhites

• Metallicsandmicas

• Enoughtomatchallvehicles

MixingSystem

D742 (100%)

• Appearanceoffull-strengthtint

• Strength/effectofeachtint

• Colormovementwhentintsareadded

• Huemovement

WhatTintingGuidesShow

091024

LocationOnColorWheel

Shows:

• colorfamilyorgroup

• colordirection(hue)

• howchromatic

DoesNOTshow:

• value

TwoMethods

• Plotting

– plotrefinishcolorandvehicleon3Dscale

– usetintdata

• Mapping

– tintlocationsoncolorwheel

– icons

VALUE HUE CHROMA

COLOR:TINTCODE AMOUNT WEIGHTEFFECT

Flop Value–Vehicle is:

Flop Color–Vehicle is more:

■ Darker■ Lighter

■ Blue ■ Red ■ Green■ Yellow

Metallics And Micas Only

051051

024024038038

Yellow

RedGreen

RG NNN

VALUE HUE CHROMA

• Value,hue,chromascales

• Formula

• Tinteffectsandamounts

• Flopformetallicsandmicas

ColorPlottingChart

• Codeandcolorname

• Tint“Code”

• “Tint”name

• “Effect”ofeachtint

• Quantityunder“Amount”

• Total“Weight”

Warm Yellow

Red Oxide

Orange Cast

Red Direction

Brightens

H.S. Red/Yellow

Blaze Red

UsingTheColorPlottingChart–Formula

794.3198.3Warm Yellow Red Direction051

Blaze Red

Dominant Tint

596.0596.0Red Orange Cast024

High-Strength Tint

811.78.0Red Oxide H.S. Red/Yellow038

Small-Quantity Tint

803.79.4White Brightens001

• Dominant

– littlecolorchange

• Small-quantity

– changeshuequickly

• High-strength

– smallamountchangescolor

TintStrengths

VALUE HUE CHROMA

• Value,hue,chromaorder

• Refinishcolorvaluedependsontintnumbers

– morewhite,abovecenter

– morecolored,belowcenter

UsingTheColorPlottingChart–Top

• Refinishhuefromtestpanelortintinformation

• Colorfamily

• Directionfrommajorhuefamily

• Refinishchromainmiddle

UsingTheColorPlottingChart–Top(cont’d)

VALUE HUE CHROMA

PlottingFlop

• Lookatbothhead-onandflop

• Determineifvehicleislighterordarker

• Determinewhichdirectioncolormustbemoved

RG NNN

VALUE HUE CHROMA

ChangingMetallicValue

• Increasebyaddingmetallics

• Decreasebyaddingdark,dominanttints

• Flopmodifiersonlyasrecommended

HueAndChromaInMetallics

• Choosetinttomovehuefurthestwithleastamountoftint

• Chromaaffectedbyflakeconcentration

– moremetallics,lowerthechroma

Hue Movement

Chroma

Movement

Chroma

Movement

• “CAR”forcolorgroup

• “I”forcolordirection

• Underliningbarforgoodorpoorhiding

• Lowestbarforpurity

• Arrowsforflopeffect

I-CARIcon

Flop Color

Color Group

Hiding CharacteristicPurity

Flop Value

• Firststepforsolidcolors

• Nearestmajorcolorincolorwheel

– blue

– red

– yellow

– green

• White,blackowngroup

ColorGroup

• Requireddirectiontomatchvehiclecolor

• Always5possibilities

– towardadjacentprimarycolorgroup

– moreofsamecolorgroup

• Hueintensityoncolorwheel

ColorDirectionYellower

Redder, Slightly Yellow

Redder

Redder, Slightly Blue

RedGroup

• Goodhiding

• Underliningbarsamecolorasmajorcolorgroup

• Ifblank,poorhiding

HidingCharacteristic

Hiding Characteristic

Purity

• Comparepurityofvehicletorefinishcolor

• Isthevehicle:

– morewhite,gray,orblack?

– muddier?

• Muddyisgraylowestbar,pureiswhite

Cleaner

Muddier

FlopFirstWithMetallics/Micas

• Lookatbrightnessofflopfirst

• Lookatflopcolorsecond

• Arrowshadowisflopbrightness

• Coloredarrowisflopcolor

Flop Value

Flop Color

D742 (100%)

• thecolorwheelandthethreedimensionsofcolor.

• tintingguidelines.

Conclusion

• plottingsolidandmetalliccolors.

• mappingsolidandmetalliccolors.

VALUE HUE CHROMA

051051

024024038038

Yellow

RedGreen

SSN/SIN/I-CARIDnumber

Phonenumber

Testversionnumber

Instructorname

Post-Testbookletnumber

Dateofclass

Lastname,firstname,middleinitial

Abbreviationforstateorprovince

Post-Test

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