Post on 13-Apr-2017
TYPES AND PURPOSES OF DAMS
Presented by
Ranjith BSR
ContentsDefinationPurposesStructure of damTypes of dams
Defination A dam is a barrier that impounds water or
underground streams. A dam is a structure built across a stream, river or estuary to retain water.
Purposes Of Dams:-® Store water(basic purpose)® Raise the level of the water upstream to enable water
to be diverted into a canal or to increase ’hydraulic head’
® Irrigation® Drought and Flood control® Hydropower generation® Navigation® To develop fisheries
Structure of DAMS
Terms in damsHeel: contact with ground on the upstream side Toe: contact with ground on the downstream sideAbutment: Sides of the valley on which the structure of
the dam restGalleries: small rooms like structure left within the dam
for checking operations.Diversion tunnel: Tunnels are constructed for diverting
water before the construction of dam. This helps in keeping the river bed dry.
Spillways: It is the arrangement near the top to release the excess water of the reservoir to downstream side
Sluice way: An opening in the dam near the ground level, which is used to clear the silt accumulation in the reservoir side.
Types of Dams:-Dams are classified on the basis of following
types:By structureBy material
By StructureArch damsGravity damsButtress damEmbankment dams
Gravity DamGravity dams are dams which resist the horizontal thrust of the water entirely by their own weight.
Concrete gravity dams are typically used to block streams through narrow gorges.
Gravity Dam
Material of Construction:Concrete, Rubber Masonry
Arch DamAn arch dam is a curved dam which is dependent upon arch action for its strength. Arch dams are thinner and therefore require less material than any other type of dam.
Arch dams are good for sites that are narrow and have strong abutments.
Arch Dam
Material of Construction:Concrete
Buttress DamButtress dams are dams in which the face is held up by a series of supports.
Buttress dams can take many forms - the face may be flat or curved.
Buttress Dam
Material of Construction:Concrete, Timber, Steel
Embankment DamEmbankment dams are artifical massive dams made of earth or rock.
Embankment Dam
Material of Construction:Earth, Rock
By Mateial:-Steel damsTimber dams
STEEL DAM Steel dam is a type of dam that
is made of steel, rather than common masonry ,earthworks , concrete or construction material
It is an experiment which failed Maintenance cost is high due to
rust and corrosion
TIMBER DAMo Timber dams were
widely used in early part of industrial revolution and rarely used now
o Suitable location for construction
o In order to maintain water retension property they must be kept wet
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