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R

E b/N 0 α

G

E c/I 0

E c/I or

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ηmax

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3rd

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D = R√ 3N

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O l d

s i g

n a

lN

e w

s i g

n a

l

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PRO FESSI ON AL WOR KSTATI ON

PRO FESSI ON AL WOR KSTATI ON PR OFES SI O NAL WO RKST ATI O N

PR OFES SI O NAL WO RKST ATI O N

PR OFES SI O NAL WO RKST ATI O N PRO FESSI ON AL WOR KSTATI ON

PROFESSI ONAL WORKSTATI ON PROFESSI ONAL WORKSTATI ON

ENTERPRISE6000

-

ENTERPRISE600 0

-

P D N

I n t er n e t

I n t r an e t

ISDNPSTNX.25

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+

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+

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≈

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S

1

S

1

S

1

X

2

X

2

S

1

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W

i r e

d

N e

t w o

r k

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r n

e

t

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•

•

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W u

H

2

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2nd

2nd

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N

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•

•

•

•

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•

•

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•

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N

υ j j

E b/N 0

W

R j j

i

j i j

ηDL

ηDL =N

j =1

v j(E b/N 0) j

W/R j ·[(1 −α j ) + i j ] ,

−10log10(1−ηDL )

α j

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N

υ j j

E b/N 0

W

R j j

α j

j

i j

j i j

α

∼

∼

i

i

j

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ηDL =N

j =1

v j (E b/N 0) jW/R j · (1 −α) + i ,

α j i

j

ηa

ηa UMTS = ηmax −ηDL .

ηmax

ηmax < 1 ηmax

0.75

ηmax

ηmax

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Ro

R th

Ro Rth 0 1.

BwWLAN = P ·(R th −Ro)

T ,

P T

Roi = α · tbusy∆ t

+ ( Roi − 1 ) ·(1 −α),

tbusy ∆ t

α i

∆ t

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T

T = DIFS + T [EP ] + SIFS + ACK.

T

T = DIFS + RT S + SIFS + CT S + SIFS + T [EP ] + SIFS + ACK

T [EP ] EP

RTS, CTS ACK RTS, CTS ACK

•

•

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M

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1y 1 y P UMTS P WLAN

tend = P UMTS ∗ ηa UMTS ≥ ∆ ηr −P WLAN ∗ Bw WLAN ≥ r

ηaUMTS BwWLAN

P UMTS P WLAN

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ηaUMTS ηmax ηDL

BwWLAN ∆ ηr

r

NetworkAllocator =

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1st

1st

2nd

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1/λ = 3600U q

×U c

,

U q U c

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ηmax , 0.75

ηmax

0.50, 0.25

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1

0

.1

.3

.x

1

0

.1

.4

.x

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y x

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(TerminalIPv 4, DestinationPort ) → TunnelSocket

SourcePort →realNetdevice

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I

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Number of Users

C a l l A d m i s s i o n R a t i o o n

U M T S

Voice

Video

www

FTP

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Number of Users

C a l l A d m i s s i o n R a t i o o n

W L A N

Voice

Video

www

FTP

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Number of Users

C a l l

H a n

d o v e r

R a t

i o

Handover from UMTS to WLAN

Handover from WLAN to UMTS

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CBP (%) = 1 − C acpt

C off ×100,

C acpt C of f

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95%

S

GCBP MTend S = |Users MTend −Users S |

Users MTend

2%, G2%MTend LBal = 6%,

G2%MTend CovAr = 35%.

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Use rs

C a l l

B l o c k

i n g

P r o

b a b

i l i t y ( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 10 20 30 40 50

1

2

3

4

5

0 100 200 300 4 00 500 600 700 800 900 1000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

C a l l

B l o c k

i n g

P r o

b a b

i l i t y ( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 10 20 30 40 50

1

2

3

4

5

95%

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Use rs

C a l l

B l o c k

i n g

P r o

b a b

i l i t y ( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 10 20 30 40

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

15

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10 00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Use rs

C a l l

B l o c k

i n g

P r o

b a b

i l i t y ( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 10 20 30 40

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

GCBP MTend S

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

C a l l

R e n e g o

t i a t i o n

T r i e s

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

C a l l

R e n e g o

t i a t i o n

T r i e s

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

10

20

30

40

50

Number of Users

R e a l l o c a t i o n

C a l l s

( % )

Reallocation to WLAN

Reallocation to UMTS

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Number of Users

V o i c e

C a l l s o n

U M T S I n t e r f a c e

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

5

10

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25

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40

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Number of Users

V o i c e

C a l l s o n

U M T S I n t e r f a c e

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

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10

15

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30

35

40

45

50

Number of Users

V i d e o s t r e a m i n g

C a l l s o n

W L A N I n t e r f a c e ( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Number of Users

V i d e o s t r e a m i n g C a l l s o n

W L A N I n t e r f a c e ( % )

MTend

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10

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Number of Users

F T P C a l l s o n

W L A N I n t e r f a c e

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

5

10

15

20

25

Nmber of Users

F T P C a l l s o n

W L A N I n t e r f a c e

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

5

10

15

20

25

Number of Users

w w w

C a l l s o n

W L A N I n t e r f a c e ( % )

MTendLBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

5

10

15

20

25

Number of Users

w w w

C a l l s o n

W L A N I n t e r f a c e ( % )

MTendLBal

CovAr

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

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20

30

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50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

O c c u p a t i o n

R a t i o

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

O c c u p a t i o n

R a t i o

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

O c c u p a t i o n

R a t i o (

% )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

O c c u p a t i o n

R a t i o (

% )

MTend

LBal

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

20

40

60

80

100

120

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

T r a n s m

i s s i o n T i m e

( m s )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

20

40

60

80

100

120

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

T r a n s m

i s s i o n T i m e ( m s )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

20

40

60

80

100

120

Number of Users

A

v e r a g e T r a n s m

i s s i o n T i m e

( m s )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

20

30

60

80

100

120

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

T r a n s m

i s s i o n T i m e

( m s )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

1

2

3

4

5

6

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

T h r o u g h p u t f o r M T e n d

( M b i t / s )

1500 bytes 1000 bytes 500 bytes 50 bytes

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

1

2

3

4

5

6

Number of User

A v e r a g e

T h r o u g h p u t f o r L B a l (

M b i t / s )

1500 bytes1000 bytes500 bytes50 bytes

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

1

2

3

4

5

6

Number of Users

A v e r a g e

T h r o u g h p u t C o v A r

( M b i t / s )

1500 bytes1000 bytes500 bytes50 bytes

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

C a l l

B l o c k

i n g

P r o

b a b

i l i t y ( %

)

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

C a l l

B l o c k

i n g

P r o

b a b

i l i t y ( %

)

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

C a l l

B l o c k

i n g

P r o

b a b

i l i t y ( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

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GCBP MTend S

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

10

20

30

40

50

Number of Users

H a n d o

f f A t t e m p t

( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Number of Users

S u c c e s s f u

l l H a n

d o

f f ( % )

MTend

LBal

CovAr

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0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

5

10

15

20

25

30

Number of Users

C a l l s o n

U M T S U s i n g

M T e n d

S t r a t e g y

( % )

Voice CallsVideo Callswww Calls

0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

5

10

15

20

25

30

Number of Users

C a l l s o n

W L A N U s i n g

M T e n d S t r a t e g y

( % )

Voice CallsVideo Callswww Calls

0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

5

10

15

20

25

30

Number of Users

C a l l s o n

U M T S U s i n g

L B a l S t r a t e g y

( % )

Voice CallsVideo Callswww Calls

0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

5

10

15

20

25

30

Number of Users

C a l l s o n

W L A N U s i n g

L B a l S t r a t e g y

( % )

Voice CallsVideo Callswww Calls

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0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

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10

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25

30

Number of Users

C a l l s o n

U M T S U s i n g

C o v A r

S t r a t e g y

( % )

Voice CallsVideo Calls

www Calls

0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

5

10

15

20

25

30

Number of Users

C a l l s o n

W L A N U s i n g

C o v A r S t r a t e g y

( % )

Voice CallsVideo Callswww Calls

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0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

Number of Users

U M T S R e v e n u e

i n H o t s p o t E n v i r o n m e n t ( M

U )

MTendLBalCovAr

0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

Number of Users

W L A N R e v e n u e

i n H o t s p o t E n v i r o n m e n t ( M

U )

MTendLBalCovAr

GUsersMTend S =

Revenue MTend −Revenue S

Revenue S

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0 10 50 100 150 200 250 300

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

Number of Users

T o t a l R e v e n u e

i n H o t s p o t E n v i r o n m

e n t ( M U )

MTendLBalCovAr

GUsersMTend S

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•

•

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R

R

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E b/N 0 α

E b/N 0 α

E b/N 0

E b/N 0

N 0 I 0

E b/N 0

E b/N 0

P rx

I R

W

P rx 1/R

E bN 0 = P rx /RI/W = W P rxR I ,

E b/N 0

E b/N 0

E b/N 0

E bN 0

= W R

= P rx

I own .(1 −α) + I oth + P N ,

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I own I oth

P N

α

α

α E b/N 0 α

G

G

i G

G = I own

I oth + P N .

P N ≪I oth G = 1/i

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E c/I 0

E c/I 0

E c/I 0

E b/N 0 W/R

I 0

E b/N 0

E c/I or

E c/I or

E c/I or

E c/I or

X Y % E c/I or

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