PROTEIN PHYSICS LECTURES 22-23 PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION FROM ITS AMINO ACID SEQUENCE: Homology...

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PROTEIN PHYSICSPROTEIN PHYSICS

LECTURES 22-23LECTURES 22-23

PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTIONPROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION

FROM ITS AMINO ACID SEQUENCE:FROM ITS AMINO ACID SEQUENCE:

HomologyHomologySecondary structureSecondary structure

TertiaryTertiary structure structure

BIOINFORMATICSBIOINFORMATICS

PROTEIN ENGINEERING AND DESIGNPROTEIN ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

HomologyHomology

-- - - -- - - -- - -

SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT: SMITH-WATERMAN, BLAST,…SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT: SMITH-WATERMAN, BLAST,…

PREDICTION FROM PREDICTION FROM

HOMOLOGYHOMOLOGY

SIMILAR SEQUENCES SIMILAR SEQUENCES

SIMILAR FOLDSSIMILAR FOLDS

____________ __________________ _________________________ _______

ACCURACY ACCURACY == tt // ((tt++ ff))

N0N0 TWILIGHTTWILIGHT ======= GOOD PREDICTION ======= ======= GOOD PREDICTION =======

Low but existing homology.Low but existing homology. Sequence identity: 15% Sequence identity: 15%

High homology:High homology:

NO homology.NO homology. Sequence identity: 15% Sequence identity: 15%

PREDICTION FROM HOMOLOGYPREDICTION FROM HOMOLOGY

““TWILIGHT ZONE”: 10-25% IDENTITY:TWILIGHT ZONE”: 10-25% IDENTITY:

cytochromes cytochromes cc

MultipleMultiple homology homology

key siteskey sites(core, 2(core, 200 structure, active site) structure, active site)

““PROFILES”PROFILES”““HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS” (HHMer)HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS” (HHMer) etc.etc.

BIOINFORMATICSBIOINFORMATICS

Multiple homologyMultiple homology

PROFILEPROFILE

TARGETTARGET ......AA PP GG DD EE FF GG -- -- HH II KK KK LL MM AA AA TT CC......

SEQUENCESEQUENCE

PREDICTION PREDICTION

FROM FROM

PHYSICS:PHYSICS:

PROTEIN CHAINPROTEIN CHAIN

FOLDSFOLDS

SPONTANEOUSLYSPONTANEOUSLY

SEQUENCE HASSEQUENCE HAS

ALL INFO TOALL INFO TO

PREDICT:PREDICT: 22O O STRUCTURE,STRUCTURE,

3D 3D STRUCTURE,STRUCTURE,SIDE CHAIN ROTAMERS,SIDE CHAIN ROTAMERS,

S-SS-S BONDS, etc. BONDS, etc.

PREDICTION FROM PHYSICSPREDICTION FROM PHYSICS

(OR PROTEIN STATISTICS)(OR PROTEIN STATISTICS)

22O O STRUCTURESSTRUCTURES

nonoСС(Gly)(Gly): coil: coil

СС, , 1 1 : : , , , , coilcoil -- npnp - --p--- --p--

imino: coil, imino: coil, turn, turn, NN

СС, 2 , 2 : : (3 rot.)(3 rot.)

ProPro

PREDICTION FROM PROTEIN STATISTICSPREDICTION FROM PROTEIN STATISTICS

(OR PHYSICS)(OR PHYSICS)

TEMPLATE TEMPLATE OF SUPER-SECONDARY STRUCTUREOF SUPER-SECONDARY STRUCTURE

npnp

GlyGly

--

FLUCTUATING FLUCTUATING SECONDARY SECONDARY STRUCTURESTRUCTUREIN UNFOLDED IN UNFOLDED POLYPEPTIDE POLYPEPTIDE CHAINCHAIN

OLYGO- &OLYGO- &POLYPEPTIDES POLYPEPTIDES

ALBALB

FLUCTUATINGFLUCTUATINGSECONDARY SECONDARY STRUCTURESTRUCTUREAT THE AT THE ““AVERAGE”AVERAGE”SURFACE OF SURFACE OF A GLOBULEA GLOBULE

ALBALB

PHD,PHD,JPRED,JPRED,PSIPRED,…PSIPRED,…

bptibpti

A A BB C D . C D .---different------different---

Prediction, 1985 Prediction, 1985 X-ray str.,1990X-ray str.,1990

THREADINGTHREADING

BIOINFORMATICSBIOINFORMATICS

THREADING:THREADING:CORRECT FOLD,CORRECT FOLD,BAD ALIGNMENTBAD ALIGNMENT

ENGINEERING & DESIGNENGINEERING & DESIGN

DOES NOT MELT !DOES NOT MELT !MOLTEN GLOBULE…MOLTEN GLOBULE…

+ ION+ ION BINDINGBINDING SOLIDSOLID

DeGrado, 1989DeGrado, 1989

PtitsynPtitsynDolgikhDolgikhFinkelsteinFinkelsteinFedorovFedorovKirpichnikovKirpichnikov1987-971987-97

Albebetin,Albebetin,Albeferon,Albeferon,……

non-polar: corenon-polar: corepolar: surfacepolar: surface