PROTEIN

ONE PROTEIN=20 AMINO ACIDS

AKA BUILDING BLOCKS OF PROTEIN

FUNCTIONS OF PROTEIN

-BUILD & REPAIR BODY TISSUE

-MAINTAIN CELL GROWTH IN THE FORMATION OF NEW BODY TISSUE. THIS IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT IF THE BODY IS GROWING RAPIDLY, INJURED, OR UNDER STRESS.

-AID IN THE FORMATION OF ENZYMES, SOME HORMONES & ANTIBODIES.

-PROVIDE AS ENERGY IF SUFFICIENT CARBOHYDRATES & FATS ARE NOT SUPPLIED BY THE DIET.

11 AMINO ACIDS NON-ESSENTIAL

-Body makes them

9 AMINO ACIDS

• ESSENTIAL

-Body doesn’t make them

-Needs to come from diet-Comes from animal sources

9 ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS1. LYSINE2. METHIONINE3. CYSTINE4. TRYPHOTOPHAN5. VALINE6. ISOLEUCINE7. HISTIDINE8. PHENYLALANIE9. THREONINE

Complete vs.

Incomplete

MilkCheeseMeatFishEggsTOFU-contains all 9 essential amino acids

NutsBeansRiceLegumesCereals/Grains-missing 1 or more essential amino acids

WHO HAS TO WORRY ABOUT NOT GETTING THE COMPLETE PROTEINS?

VEGETARIANS

LACTO-OVO VEGETARIANWhen most people think of vegetarians, they think of lacto-ovo-vegetarians. People who do not eat beef, pork, poultry, fish, shellfish or animal flesh of any kind, but do eat eggs and dairy products are lacto-ovo vegetarians (“lacto” comes from the Latin for milk, and “ovo” for egg).

OVO-VEGETARIAN

Ovo-vegetarian refers to people who do not eat meat or dairy products but do eat eggs.

LACTO VEGETARIAN

Lacto-vegetarian is used to describe a vegetarian who does not eat eggs, but does eat dairy products.

VEGAN

Vegans do not eat meat of any kind and also do not eat eggs, dairy products, or processed foods containing these or other animal-derived ingredients such as gelatin. Many vegans also refrain from eating foods that are made using animal products that may not contain animal products in the finished process, such as sugar and some wines. There is some debate as to whether certain foods, such as honey, fit into a vegan diet.

ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS IN FOOD

BAKED BEANS

(1/2 cup cooked, no pork, made

from white beans)

Baked Beans without pork are

a moderate biological value protein food and are short of the

amino acid methionine,

cystine, trypotophan and

valine.

WHOLE WHEAT FLOUR

(1/4 cup)

Wheat is a moderate biological

value protein food and is short in the amino acid

lysine.

RICE (1 cup cooked)

Rice is a moderate biological

value protein food and is short in the amino acid

lysine.

PEANUT

BUTTER

(1/4 cup)

Peanuts are a lower biological value protein food and are

short of amino acids lysine, methionine, cystine and tryptophan.