Post on 21-Dec-2015
Prospecting the Future of Learning Technologies and
CommunitiesRoy D. Pea
Global Learning Conference20 October 1998
http://sri.com/policy/ctl
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Five Ecological Trends
Ubiquity of computing and communications
Visualizations of complexity
Tools for building learning communities
Pervasive project-based learning
Insatiable appetites for high-performance computing and communications
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Ubiquity of Computing and Communications
Digital convergence
Communication infrastructures
Component software revolution Miniaturization, portability and cost of
computing and communications hardware
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
ESCOT (Educational SoftwareComponents of Tomorrow)*
A distributed network of teachers, researchers & developers creating link-able representational tools for real middle school math curricula.
Curriculum Database organizing information that links concepts, activities & technologies
Software Innovation designing pedagogically-sound re-usable, linkable components
Integration Teams composing or structuring lessons that tie components to curriculum
The ESCOT Testbed
*A new NSF grant (Pea, Roschelle, Kaput and DiGiano)
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Distributed Intelligence: Role of components
Graphs, tables, calculators, geometry, simulations, equations, notepads… probably 100 or so core active representational objects that occupy parts of a screen
Enable mix-and-match, plug&play Cognitive research rationale:
• Dynamic, linked multiple representations key for deeper understanding
• Animated graphics for process history• Collaboration support• Assessment support
Leading to:• Lower cost• Better quality• More flexibility
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
ESCOT Goals
• Collect broadly useful, powerful components
• Link to curriculum needs
• Combine in new activities
ESCOT Teams Integrate Re-usable Components from a Shared, Web-Accessible Library into Lessons
• Teacher: Pedagogical Design
• Developer: Component Design
• Web facilitator: Web Design (and teamwork)
Geometer’s Sketchpad
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
John DoerrVenture
CapitalistKleiner-PerkinsMenlo Park, CA
“We are co-conspirators in the largest legal creation of wealth in human history”
“The Web is under-hyped”
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Scientists’ Visualization Tools
Scientists’ Visualization Tools
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Toward Learner-Centered Design
Toward Learner-Centered Design
Empirical studies of scientists’ tool practices Techniques: From tacit knowledge to explicit
representational properties Geographical context underlay Explicit semantic units for data Provision of semantically constrained mathematical
operations on data
General framework now encompasses over 30 public domain data sets (NASA, NOAA…)
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
WorldWatcher: Jan, July Surface Temperature
WorldWatcher: Jan, July Surface Temperature
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
WorldWatcher
It is important that learners create their own visualizations and models
Expressive visualizations: ‘coloring’ worlds
Localization activities
Interpretive visualizations: global data
Project inquiries: learner-centered explorations of patterns, driving questions
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
O.L.I.V.E. On-Line Library of Information
Visualization Environments
HTTP://otal.umd.edu/Olive/
Ben Shneiderman’s Human-Computer Interaction Lab, U. Maryland
His categories: temporal, 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, Multi-D, Tree, Network, Workspace
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Example: 3-D Visualization
= viewing real-world objects such as the human body, buildings, or molecules for information extraction purposes
Example: The National Library of Medicine’s Visible Human Project
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
“Colon flythrough” of the NLM’s Visible Human
Project
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
3-D World Visualizations Often for scientific visualization of volumes
(rendered from real-world 3D objects)• to test scientific hypotheses
• to simulate events or processes (weather)
• to practice procedures (surgery)
Also: virtual walkthroughs of architectural or interior designs
Learning: virtual museum visits, virtual travel to historic sites such as Egyptian Pyramids, solar system simulations
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Tools for Building Learning Communities
Communities of learners, communities of
practice
The future of the Net is a social place
Multi-user virtual environments
Persistent virtual worlds, shared media
spaces
Social information filtering
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
GeoCities: Themed Neighborhoods
HTTP://www.geocities.com
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
SRI’s TAPPED IN Project
(http://tappedin.sri.com)
SRI’s TAPPED IN Project
(http://tappedin.sri.com)
SRI International -- Center for Technology in Learning (Mark Schlager, Patricia Schank, Judith Fusco, Richard Goddard)
Partners are twelve K-12 teacher professional development organizations devoted to science educational reform
Goal: to develop, operate and study an easy-to-learn, multi-user virtual environment for ongoing teacher professional development
In 18 months: nearly 2000 registered users already
1996-2000 Funding:
TAPPED IN -------------------------------------------------------
MS
TAPPED IN -------------------------------------------------------
MS
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Lawrence Hall of Science GEMS Room
TAPPED IN -------------------------------------------------------
MS
WebViewers
File Cabinets
Bulletin board, Whiteboard
Simulations
Guestbook Message box
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Shared Sketch Pad
BobJ
Point and Click Web Window Shared Web Browsing
WebViewer
Conversation and other dynamic actions
Who and What is here (awareness)
Bulletin Board
Whiteboard
Exits to other rooms
Common Commands
Communication and Text Input Window
BOBJ says “I use the GLOBE biometrics and weather activities with my 6th grade class. The kids love them, they really view themselves as scientists Judi wants to find out more about GLOBE! BobJ projects GLOBE welcome (gw) You see the URL:http://www.globe.gov/ghome/invite.html Judi exclaims, “thanks! I see it. So from here I register for a GLOBE workshop?
Input Field
BASIC TAPESTRY USER INTERFACE ON-DEMAND FEATURES
Text Document (with URL
attachment)
GLOBE welcome (gw),
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Social Information Filtering
Automated word-of-mouth 8-10 different companies including
Firefly, NetPerceptions’ GroupLens, Alexa Internet, LikeMinds
Used in systems such as amazon.com, CDnow, Sierra Online, Peapod
Prospective uses in education: SRI’s ScienceForum
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
Contributing Factors to Pervasive Project-Based
Learning
New learning standards (e.g., NSES, NCTM)
Findings in the cognitive and social sciences of learning
Computer tools for guiding inquiry projects, for probeware data collection, and use of Internet-accessible data sets
Paradigms such as student-scientist partnerships, tele-mentoring
1998 Global LearningRoy Pea, SRI International
A Final Thought A Final Thought New designs occasionally lead to "fingertip
effects," a fit of tool to task so apt that it leads to precipitous social changes
What will be the fingertip effects that will come to exist for K-12 and university-level net learning?
Examples: World-Wide Web browsers for hyper-linked documents, electronic mail, fax saturation, Palm Pilot's design for pocket-size computing