Post on 22-Nov-2014
THE APPLICATION OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUE
BY USING PLAYING CARD MEDIA IN TEACHING VOCABULARY
TO THE FOURTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SDN NGLAMES 2
TERM 2009 / 2010
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Background
There are many languages in the world. Every people use
Language in spoken and written way. According to Brown (2000:5)
“Language is a system of arbitrary conventionalized vocal, written, or
gestured symbols that enable members of a given community to
communicate intelligibly with one another.” It is means that language
is a tool to deliver a message to another even in vocal, written, or
gestured symbols.
Language is used by human being to communicate to each
other. People need a language to interact to other people, for share
information and interact with others in different culture, background
and so on. According to Edge (2001: 25) “English become the
important medium of communication in the world.” It is means that
English is important medium that be used for communication around
the world.
According to Kasiyani K.E Suyanto “Kegiatan siswa dalam
pembelajaran bahasa Inggris mencakup semua kompotensi bahasa
yang berupa ketrampilan menyimak (listening), berbicara (speaking),
membaca (reading), dan menulis (writing)”. English teaching covers
four skills, namely reading, listening, speaking and writing. The four
skills are supported by the learning of language elements. They are
structure, vocabulary, pronunciation and spelling. Therefore,
vocabulary is one of the important language elements the students
should master. Vocabulary includes collections of words. The words
are known not only as individual words, but also as a group of words
that have meaning.
Teaching vocabulary to children is not easy. There is a difference
between teaching children and teaching adults. The children have certain
characteristics and need a certain treatment. Kasiyani K.E Suyanto
(2008:47) “Pada umumnya anak-anak lebih cepat belajar kata-kata atau
kosakata bila ditunjang dengan alat peraga, misalnya gambar atau benda
nyata”. Teacher should find the best or the effective technique to teach
English vocabulary. Media as teaching aids are needed to help the
student’s understanding and to increase the effectiveness in the
communication between teacher and students in the teaching and learning
process. It is also used to stimulate the students’ motivation and student’s
interest to the lesson.
Kasiyani K.E Suyanto (2008:103) stated that “Berbagai macam
gambar yang dituangkan dalam bentuk cards (flash cards, circular cards,
flip cards, etc) sangat membantu melancarkan proses belajar mengajar
bahasa inggris untuk anak”. It means that any kinds of pictures such as
flash cards, circular cards, flip charts are important to help teacher in
teaching learning English for young learner more clearly.
Based on the background above, the researcher is important to do a
research entitled “The Application of Translation Technique by Using
Playing Card Media in Teaching Vocabulary for The Fourth Grade of
SDN Nglames 2 in Term 2009 / 2010”.
B. The Formulation of The Problem
a. How translation technique by using playing card media used in
teaching vocabulary to the fourth grade of SDN Nglames 2 Madiun.
b. What are the advantages and disadvantages of translation technique by
using playing card media in teaching vocabulary to the fourth grade of
SDN Nglames 2 Madiun.
C. The Objective of The Study
Based on the statement of the problem above, the research gets some
purposes below:
a. To describe how to teach translation technique by using playing card
media on teaching vocabulary to the fourth grade of SDN Nglames 2
Madiun.
c. To identify the advantages and disadvantages of translation technique
by using playing card media in teaching vocabulary to the fourth grade
of SDN Nglames 2 Madiun.
D. Significance of the Study
This research hoped can give great advantages:
1. For Researcher
By this research, the writer hoped that can know and understand about
The Application of Translation Technique by Using Flash Card Media
in Teaching Vocabulary especially in SDN Nglames 2.
2. For Teacher
To make the teacher get more strategies in teaching English language,
so the teaching and learning process can be interesting for the young
learners.
3. For Students
This research hoped that the students can be active in teaching and
learning process and make them easier in memorizing the English
vocabulary.
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A. Teaching
1. Definition of Teaching
Based on Brown (2000:7) “Teaching is guiding and facilitating
learning, enabling the learner to learn, setting the condition for
learning”. It is means that …………….
2. Aspect of Teaching
There are some aspects of teaching, According to Edge (2001:9), they
are presented as follows:
1. Teacher
The teacher has main role in the classroom. The teacher should
guide, help and facilitating the students in learn something to
understand and able to apply it. That is called knowledge. There
are many ways to use their important role in the classroom. As
follows:
1) Organization
The learner must feel that their activity is purposeful, they know
what they have to do in learning process so that they have room for
themselves to grow.
2) Security.
The teacher must create good condition in the classroom to make
the students feel save so that they can feel comfort in learning
process.
3) Motivation.
The students should be given motivation by the teacher. It can be
given when the teacher give tasks to the students, relate with their
experiences. So, they can feel more confidence to do the tasks.
4) Instruction.
Learners need to be told new things and told how to do new things.
5) Modeling.
Learners need to be shown new things and shown how to do new
things.
6) Guidance.
Learners need a helping hand to discover new things and to
practice new skill. The teacher as a guide in teaching process
should guide the students to practice new things or new skill.
7) Information.
Learners need sources of extra information about what they are
learning, which they can call on as required.
8) Feedback.
Learners need to know how to close they are getting to their
targets. They have to know how much they can understand the
lesson.
9) Encouragement.
Learners need to feel that the language is developing inside them,
even if what they are producing the moment seems unlike
standards English.
10) Evaluation.
Some learners have external standards that must be reached,
important examination to pass or fall. They need to know where
they stand. They have to define about their studies.
2. Learners
All learners in school are the same. Outside class, they have a
family, friends, work, study or play in their environment,
responsibilities, a place to live, and all joys and sorrow that come
with those things. Into class they bring their names, their
knowledge, experience, intelligence, skill, emotions, imaginations,
awareness, and creativity, sense of humor, problems, dreams,
hopes, aspirations, fears, and memories. Interest, blond spots,
prejudices, habits, expectations, like, dislike, preferences, and
everything else that goes with being a human being, including the
ability to express at least one language.
Learners are also influenced by their age and their educational,
social and cultural backgrounds, which all these factors they may
have the same as their fellow students. These factors very
influenced to develop the student’s knowledge.
3. Materials
Materials are used to support learning and teaching. Materials
exist in order to support learning and teaching, so they should be
designed to suit the people and the process involved. The materials
must be varieties it should be managed well based on the students
needs. So the teacher must be creative to choose which the material
is good for their students.
4. Method or Models of teaching.
A method according to Richards and Rodgers in Brown (2000:
170) “is an umbrella term for the specification and interrelation of
theory and practice”. To teach students, a teacher also needs
method in order to the teacher can organized and can give material
to students systematic. And the other, the teacher also use the
models of teaching in order to the students more fun in learning
activity.
5. Curriculum
Before the teachers teach their students, the teachers use
curriculum or syllabus to teach the materials Brown (2000:171).
States that:
“Curriculum/syllabus: Designs for carrying out a particular language. Features include a primary concern with the specification of linguistic and subject-matter objectives, sequencing, and materials to meet the needs of a designated group of learners in a defined context. (The term “syllabus” is used more customarily in the United Kingdom to refer to what is referred to as a “curriculum” in the United States.”
From the explanation above, it can be concluded that the
important thing in teaching such as the applying of curriculum, the
material, purpose of the study and getting the result are needed to
carry out the language program. Teachers must develop the
curriculum to preparations in teaching and get the students need.
Curriculum is one of aspect in teaching, it is important in
teaching learning process, include the subject-matter objectives,
sequencing and materials and they are a set of learning tools that
have to teacher have as a guide in his/her teaching way in order to
the education target realized.
B. Teaching Media
1. Definition of Media
Kasiyani K.E Suyanto (2008:101) “Istilah media berasal dari bahasa
Latin medium yang arti secara umum adalah alat komunikasi atau
antara, yaitu apa saja yang membawa informasi antara source
(sumber) dan receiver (penerima)”. Based on the statement above the
word media is come from Latin language which means is medium.
Where the generally means is a tool of communication which deliver
the information between source and receiver.
2. Kind of Media
Kasiyani K.E Suyanto (2008:102) “Secara umum media dapat
digolongkan menjadi tiga jenis, yaitu (1) visual media atau media
pandang, (2) audio media atau media dengar, dan (3) audio visual
media atau media dengar dan pandang”. Here Kasiyani K.E Suyanto
divides the media into three kinds, (1) Visual media is kind of media
that can be touched by learners. For example; picture, photo, real
object, map, etc. (2) Audio media means the material of the lesson is
recorded and can be listened to the learners. The examples are radio
and cassette recorder. (3) Audio visual media is most used by the
teacher, they are; picture, flash card and real object (banana, mango,
dictionary, etc).
3. Playing Card
The are some definition of playing card, ………..
C. Translation
1. Definition of Translation
“Secara luas, terjemah dapat diartikan sebagai semua kegiatan
manusia dalam mengalihkna seperangkat informasi atau pesan
(message) – baik verbal maupun non-verbal – dari informasi asal atau
informasi sumber (source information) ke dalam informasi sasaran
(target information). (Suhendra Yusuf 1994:8).
In this theory Suhendra Yusuf stated that translation is all of the
human activity which transfers the information or the message in
verbal or non-verbal from source information to the target information.
2. Kind of Translation
Suhendra Yusuf (1994:13) “Pada umumnya, kegiatan terjemah
dibagi menjadi dua bagian: kegiatan terjemah lisan dan tulisan”. Based
on Suhendra Yusuf statement, generally the translation can be dividing
into two activities; the first one is verbal and non-verbal. Because the
writer chooses the translation technique in teaching vocabulary for the
young learner so the translation technique non-verbal is chosen one.
3. Process of Translation
Rudolf Nababan (2003:25) “Proses penerjemahan terdiri atas tiga
tahap, yaitu 1) analisis teks bahasa sumber (Bsu), 2) pengalihan pesan,
3) restrukturisasi”.
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The writer needs some experience in teaching English the writer
need to do the research in SDN Nglames 2 Madiun especially in
teaching English vocabulary. Here the writer use the translation
technique by using playing card to teach English vocabulary.
A. Place and Time of the Research
Place and time of research are important for research, it is
shown bellows:
1. Place of Research
Place of the research is a place where the research
taken place. Place of the research is located on SDN
Nglames 2 Madiun, in Madiun regency.
2. Time of Research
The research will take on June, …. 2010.
B. Method and Research Design
This research was intended to describe The Application of
Multiple Intelligences Approach in Teaching Writing on The
Seventh Grade of Students of SMP N 2 Wungu in term 2009/
2010. Based on this purpose, the most suitable research design
is qualitative study because it has natural setting definition of
Qualitative Research.
Based on the statement above, it can be conclude that
Qualitative Research is method of research which interprets the
information. Researcher enters and spends considerable time in
school, families, neighborhood, and other locales learning
about education concerns. In detail, the researcher uses the
Descriptive Research. Descriptive Research is not only
gathering and ordering the data but also analyzing and
interpreting them.
C. Source of the Data
Source of data is important in research, it is used to find the
data from the research done by the researcher. The source of
data comes from population, sample, and sampling technique,
shown as follows:
1. Population
…………………….
Based on those theory it can conclude that population is all
of objects of tresearch. So, the population of this research
is the seventh grade of students of SMP N 2 Wungu in
term 2009/2010
2. Sample
…………….
The sample of this research is the seventh grade of students
of SMP N 2 Wungu in term2009/2010. It is consist of 3..
students.
3. Sampling technique
Arikunto (1992:107) divides Sampling Technique into:
random sampling, stratified sampling, probability sampling,
proportional sampling, quota sampling, cluster sampling, and
double sampling.
The researcher uses purposive sampling because this
research has purpose to know the answer of the problem related
with the students writing skill of seventh grade students of
SMP N 2 Wungu in term 2009/2010.
D. Technique of Collecting Data and Research Instrument
1. Collecting Data
Nadzzir……….
a. Observation
………………..
b. Interview
…………….
c. Documentation
………………..
2. Research instrument
…………………………..
E. Technique of analyzing Data
…………………………………
F. Prosedur of Research
The procedure of the research includes before and after
study be done. It consists of four major steps; planning,
application, analysis data, and reporting. These steps are bellow.
1. Planning
a. Preparation of the research.
b. Making a permission letter from rector.
c. Making an agreement with the school organizer.
d. Finding proper class to conduct observation.
e. Doing Former observation or preliminary study.
f. Arranging research instruments.
2. Application
a. Collecting data.
b. Observing the study.
c. Interviewing subjects and respondents.
3. Analysis Data
a. Classifying data collection.
b. Analyzing data collection.
4. Reporting
a. Making report about the activities in thesis.
b. Submit the thesis.