Post on 21-Jun-2015
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PROJECT GUIDE
Extensive experience in sensors and control pertaining to motion control and power electronics allows us to crack your tough specifications and tackle challenging problems. The following sections are a representative description of various past projects that have been undertaken and the value addition that has been possible.
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1.0.0 MOTION SENSING AND CONTROL
Extensive experience with various types of motors and electromagnetic sensors and actuators allows us to tackle a large variety of problems. Below is a small representative list of past work and where value may be added.
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1.1.0 PERMANENT MAGNET MACHINES
1.1.1 FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL / VECTOR CONTROL
Salient features (fairly common knowledge)
Precise and fast torque and speed control
Optimal motor utilization (most bang for the buck)
Useful for transient and fast changing loads such as washing machines, power tools
Low noise operation
Allows the motor to be operated beyond its rated speed
Sensored and sensor less operation possible
Traditional sensor less operation is based on estimation using sliding mode controller or
PLL type observer
Space vector modulation
Typically 2 quadrant bi directional motoring operation
More…..
Remove any performance degradation due to low grade input power supplies with large
ripple content in the input voltage. (such as front end rectifier, Power factor correction
etc)
KALMAN filter based position and speed estimation for sensor less mode for accurate
position and velocity control
16 bit computationally economical fixed point implementation of Kalman filter
4 quadrant operation. (regeneration/ braking and motoring operation) within the same
system
Dead time compensation for smoother operation
Single shunt current sense based implementation for low cost applications
Sensor less smooth and reliable startup
Operation beyond the rated speed possible with field weakening
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1.1.2 DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL
Almost identical performance as with field oriented control. (refer 1.0.2)
Much Less amount of computation. (suitable for low cost application)
Sensored and Sensor less operation
More….
Refer 1.1.1 (under value addition) same features apply
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1.2.0 BRUSH DC MOTOR
Speed control with encoder
Position control with encoder
Torque control with current sense
Regenerative and dynamic braking (4 quadrant operation)
More…..
Sensor less Speed control (without encoder/resolver) e.g. fans ,pumps etc
Sensor less Position control (without encoder/resolver) e.g. servo drives ,robots, toys
Accurate reliable and smooth position /speed estimation and control using KALMAN
filter/ Luenberger and Gopinath observer
16 bit computationally economical fixed point implementation of Kalman filter
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1.3.0 BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR
Speed control with hall effect /encoder (pumps, fans, compressors etc)
Torque control/Torque mode (electric bicycles)
Regenerative and dynamic braking (4 quadrant operation)with most energy efficient way
Speed control (open/closed) loop in sensor less mode
More…..
KALMAN filter based speed and position estimation based control
16 bit computationally economical fixed point implementation of Kalman filter
Sensored hall effect based operation with high immunity to PWM noise (useful for
electric vehicle applications, High current and Hi power drives)
Improved reliability in sensor less mode of operation using filtering
Operation beyond the rated speed of the motor
Low audible noise 6 step operation (sensored and sensor less) (e.g. fans , blowers etc )
Demonstrably lower losses
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1.4.0 THREE PHASE AC INDUCTION MACHINES
Sections 1.4.x pertains to 3 phase AC induction machines
1.4.1 V/F CONTROL
Scalar control
Space vector modulation
Low noise
Low cost
Easy to implement
More…..
Dead time compensation to ensure low distortion in current waveform
Remove any performance degradation due to low grade input power supplies with large
ripple content in the input voltage. (such as front end rectifier, Power factor correction
etc)
Minimize noise/harmonics due to low grade input voltage
Dynamic/regenerative braking /(4 quadrant operation)
Limiting the start current to manageable levels without significantly reducing startup
torque (white goods ,solar pumps )
1.4.2 FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL / VECTOR CONTROL
Precise and fast torque and speed control
Optimal motor utilization (most bang for the buck)
Useful for transient and fast changing loads such as washing machines, power tools
Low noise operation
Allows the motor to be operated beyond its rated speed
Sensored and sensor less operation possible
Traditional sensor less operation is based on estimation using sliding mode controller or
PLL type observer
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8
Space vector modulation
Typically 2 quadrant bi directional motoring operation
Operation beyond the rated speed possible with field weakening
More…..
Remove any performance degradation due to low grade input power supplies with large
ripple content in the input voltage. (such as front end rectifier, Power factor correction
etc)
KALMAN filter/other filter based position and speed estimation for sensor less mode for
accurate position and velocity control
Computationally inexpensive 16 bit fixed point implementation of KALMAN filter
4 quadrant operation. (regeneration/ braking and motoring operation) within the same
system
Dead time compensation for smoother operation
Single shunt current sense based implementation for low cost applications
Sensor less smooth and reliable startup
1.4.3 DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL
Almost identical performance as with field oriented control. (refer 1.0.2)
Much Less amount of computation. (suitable for low cost application)
Sensored and Sensor less operation
More…..
Refer 1.4.1 (under value addition) same features apply
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1.5.0 SERVO MOTOR CONTROL
Hi bandwidth position and velocity control (for machine tools, robots)
Hi bandwidth torque control
Reduced tracking error
Backlash error removal
Dead time compensation for reduced distortion
Repetitive control for periodic load and periodic trajectories to minimize tracking error
Smooth and low noise operation
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1.6.0 STEPPER AND SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR
Micro stepping for smooth control of stepper motor
Switched reluctance motor calculations and control
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1.7.0 SINGLE PHASE AC INDUCTION MOTOR
Inverter control of single phase AC induction motor
Limiting the start current to manageable levels without significantly reducing startup
torque (white goods ,solar pumps )
Retrofitting existing solution
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1.8.0 ELECTROMAGNETIC LINEAR ACTUATOR CONTROL
Design Control system for linear actuator (position ,speed and force control)
Sensor replacement algorithms using self sensing
Advanced filtering and sensor fusion algorithms
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1.9.0 LINEAR MEASUREMENT USING ACCELEROMETER DATA
Improved accuracy in speed and position estimation
Reduced effects of drifts using advanced filtering and sensor fusion algorithms
(Smart phone apps such as virtual measuring tape, inertial navigation system in toys,
unmanned aerial vehicles etc.)
Compensate effect of gravitation on the fly
Gesture recognition (smart phone apps)
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1.10.0 ROTATIONAL MEASUREMENT USING GYROSCOPIC DATA
Improved accuracy in angular speed and angular position estimation
Reduced effects of drifts using advanced filtering and sensor fusion algorithms (Smart
phone apps such as virtual measuring tape, inertial navigation system in toys,
unmanned aerial vehicles etc.)
Gesture recognition (smart phone apps)
Handling cross coupled states
Compensation for curvature and rotation of earth in inertial navigation systems
Estimation of radius of circular motion (gyroscopic + accelerometer data)
Advanced Filtering to ensure accurate estimate of radius
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2.0.0 POWER CONTROL
Extensive experience in power conversion allows us to tackle a wide array of problems to meet your stringent performance requirements. The following is a representative list of various past projects and value addition. In general
1. Meeting performance specs
2. Simulation for visulati
3. Code generation for fixed point DSP implementation
4. Problem solving
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2.1.0 DC-DC DIGITAL PWM SWITCHED MODE CONVERTERS
Optimal performance
Stability analysis
Large number of topologies
Excellent line and load regulation
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2.2.0 SINGLE PHASE DIGITAL POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
Near unity power factor for Continuous conduction mode operation
Improved voltage response to fast changing load
Achieving low THD and high PF @ Low load (discontinuous conduction mode) (ever
stringent specs) e.g. 10% THD @ 10% load
Advanced non linear techniques to improve THD in discontinuous mode
Consistent performance across a wide input and output voltage range
Single phase and interleaved operation
Fixed on-time hysteresis PFC control
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2.3.0 THREE PHASE DIGITAL POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
Bidirectional power flow
Near unity power factor for Continuous conduction mode operation
Improved voltage response to fast changing load
Unbalanced voltage source handling
Voltage following
Sine table look up with PLL for low THD
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2.4.0 SINGLE CYCLE CONTROL PFC SW IMPLEMENTATION
Emulate in software single cycle control PFC
Lower number of ADC required
Phase Voltage measurement not required
Only unidirectional operation
Unbalanced voltage source handling
Voltage follower operation
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2.5.0 PURE SINE WAVE INVERTER (HOME UPS,BACKUP)
Low distortion sine wave under all types of load ( rectifier, inductive, capacitive)
Low overshoot and undershoot
Dead time compensation
Inductor saturation
Syncing with AC source and switchover
Sine table lookup ,variable frequency ,amplitude and phase
Low tracking error
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2.6.0 DC-DC CONVERTER/BATTERY CHARGERS
Various topologies full bridge, push pull, buck, boost, buck boost , fly back, forwardly
resonant series/parallel
Low overshoot/undershoot
Current source and voltage source
Current sink and voltage sink
Controlled regulation operation
Voltage mode control, current mode control, peak current mode control
Remote sense
Paralleling/load sharing
Optimizing thermal stress by load sharing based on temperature
Ideal diode software implementation
Charge profiling, charge termination and state of charge control
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2.7.0 POWER LED CONTROL
Digital dimming ~ 400 hz led is turned on and off
Fast current rise
Almost any DC –DC converter topologies
Almost perfect square wave current wave shape
Minimal spikes/overshoots/undershoots @ start and stop of the on –time
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2.8.0 HID LAMP BALLAST CONTROL/WELDING
Constant current control for negative resistance load
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2.9.0 HYBRID OFF GRID/ GRID CONNECTED INVERTER
MPPT solar PV inverter for feeding into the grid
SCR/thryristor based inversion
PLL and synching with the AC grid
Current source topology
Lower computation
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2.10.0 MICRO GRID/ DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
Synchronization of multiple AC sources
Black start
Limiting current based on power electronic devices
Protection schemes
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2.11.0 DIGITAL SLOPE COMPENSATION
For peak current mode control
Dynamic Slope compensation using digital calculations instead of a constant ramp
addition
Optimal choice of slope for any given operating conditions
Best convergence
Minimal degradation to voltage mode control (contrast traditional slope compensation)
Useful for wider range input and output voltage systems
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2.12.0 THRYRISTOR/SCR BASED 3PHASE / 1PHASE POWER CONTROL
Motor drives
3phase and 1phase SCR/Thryristor phase angle control
Validation of conditions
Starters for motor
Light dimming
Harmonic analysis
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2.13.0 TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND THERMAL MANAGEMENT
Minimum overshoot/undershoot
Smooth continuous control emulated through on off
Modeling using MATLAB and obtaining predictable results