Post on 30-Dec-2015
Program for Disseminating Patent Information for Rural Development
- Proposal by the Republic of Korea-
Eun Kyul PARK
Deputy Director, Multilateral Affairs Division, Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO)
Republic of Korea
October 14, 2009
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Transition to Sustainable Technological Regime
Technological regime– A set of ‘rules of the game’– Each technological regime is constituted by an accumulation of
knowledge, values, and sunk investment– And is articulated by networks of actors and institutions
The role of innovative technological niches– Seedbeds for the emergence of new regimes– Niches can transform regimes by growing and displacing more
of the incumbent regime activities
Incumbent technological regime
New technological regime
Technological niche
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Transition to Sustainable Technological Regime
From unsustainable regime to sustainable regime– Human basic needs
State-of-the-art technology may not be the optimal solution for the quality of life in areas of the world where the struggle for survival remains a top priority
– Gap between the Center and the RuralCriticism that industrialization and modernization increases the gap
between the center and rural part of a country
Sustainable technological niches– Niches that lead to a sustainable technological regime
Unsustainable technological regime
Sustainable technological regime
Sustainable technological niche
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Transition to Sustainable Technological Regime
Appropriate Technology as a Sustainable Technological Niche– Local stewardship
Needs provision tailored to local circumstances– Examples of Appropriate Technology
Solar heat cookerMoney makerLife strawQ-drum
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The AT Movement Activities
Design for the Other 90%– 90% of the world’s total population have little or no access
to most of the products and services that many of us take for granted
– A growing movement among designers to design low-cost solutions for this “other 90%”
Volunteers for International Technical Assistance (VITA) – Problem Solving Approach vs. modernization theory
– Practical approach vs. politically charged 70’s “appropriate-technology” movement
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The AT Movement Activities
UNDP China example– Four year project, "Alleviating Rural Poverty through
Innovative Technologies Transfer" is designed to link farmers with innovative, environmentally-friendly technologies in order to increase their income and promote sustainable rural development
– Technical Task Forces (TTFs) that will not only introduce better technologies to farmers but also innovative organizational methods for farmers to receive tailor-made technological services to increase their income.
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Lessons from the AT Movement
Successful Elements of the AT movement– Affordable technology for the local people
Technology that is not highly depend on fuel energy, electricity but can be sourced from the locally available resources
Technology that is easy to use, repair, and maintain by the own hand of local people
– Problem solving approachLack of water, agricultural problems, inadequate housing, and energy
issues
– Technology spilloversFlow of technology from outside to local people
Limits of the AT movement– Lack of systematic approach: Highly dependent on individual
engineers and volunteers
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Opportunity for the Intellectual Property Community
The role of patent information in technology transfer (source: WIPO lecture material)
– Transfer of technology by knowledge spillovers, legal copying and reverse engineering may be much greater than by formal methods
– Much of this technology is disclosed via the patent systemOpportunities for exploiting patent information (source: WIPO lecture material)
– A patent is territorial, but disclosure is global– Patents are limited in time– The scope of the patent is limited by its claims– Patents gives the owners a right to prevent others from
carrying out the invention but not from learning from the invention
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Opportunity Stemming from the Patent System
Patent system (patent information) as a solution database– Approx. 900,000 new patent families filed in 2005(source
WIPO)
– Almost all possible technical ideas can be extracted from patent database
Patents in forcePatents in public domain
Target areaState-of-the-art
1 year20 yearexpired
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Opportunity Stemming from the Patent System
Analyze the legal status of a patent
Is it in the public
domain?
Is it in the public
domain?
yesyes
NO
Utilize the whole technical aspects of patent information
Analyze the technical aspects of the
invention
Analyze the technical aspects of the
invention
Design around
the patent claims
Detailed description of the
invention
claims
Use the technology of the invention
Designing new device
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Policy Implications for the IP Community
Explore the Merits of the AT movement
Affordable technology for the local people
Consideration of the socio-technical environment
Problem solving approach Needs-based approach
Technology spillovers Use of patent information
Overcome the Limits of the AT movement
Lack of systematic approach Systematical organization of patent information on AT
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Korea’s Pilot Project
• questionnaire
• consulting mission
• request from
communities
• research
• utilize other AT
source?
(ex) appropedia.org
• design for the other
90%
• research
• utilize other AT
source?
(ex) appropedia.org
• design for the other
90%
• social enterprise
• through NGO
• Gov. and
international
organization
Technological needs
Technological needs Designing ATDesigning AT
1 2 Distribution of AT
Distribution of AT
3
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Korea’s Pilot Project
Patent A Patent B Patent C
Patents in public domainPatents in public domain
Component aComponent a Component bComponent b Component cComponent c
Component a
Component a
Component c
Component c
Component b
Component b
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Korea’s Pilot Project
Patent DB search using KeywordsPatent DB search using Keywords
Analysis of legal statusAnalysis of legal status
Selection of patents applicable to ATSelection of patents applicable to AT
Process in DB formatProcess in DB format
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Patent Information for Local Development
Patent InformationLegal status information
Decision supporting information
Technical information
Just for R&D?
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We propose at the CDIP- The Use of Patent Information in the Transfer of Appropriate Technology
Stage One: Dissemination of AT Information1. Problem identification process
technological needs in rural areas Identified by expert mission, country request, technology
support task force (TSTF)
2. Collection of AT Information Collect problem related technological information from a
patent database
3. Transformation of AT information Convert patent information into appropriate technology
format, considering socio-technical environment
4. Accumulation and Dissemination Accumulate AT information and disseminate to whom need
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We propose at the CDIP The Use of Patent Information in the Transfer of Appropriate Technology of Appropriate Technolog
Stage Two: Support for the Implementation of AT
– Network with Enterprises and other International Organizations Projects• Workshop on the utilization of patent information on
appropriate technologies to be organized for enterprises• Patent information on appropriate technologies can be
utilized in projects funded by other international organizations or donors
Korean Intellectual Property Office
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Office
Relevance to the Development Agenda
Recommendation 31: To undertake initiatives agreed by Member States, which contribute to transfer of technology to developing countries, such as requesting WIPO to facilitate better access to publicly available patent information.
Impacts of the project for transfer of technology to developing countries– The project will facilitate better access by NGOs, enterprises &
researchers to publicly available patent information on appropriate technologies and their implementation of such technologies
As such, the project will contribute to the implementation of the Development Agenda
Thank You!
Eun Kyul PARK
Korean Intellectual Property Office
Republic of Korea
82-42-481-8604
ekpark@kipo.go.kr