Program Development CycleSkill Area 304.2Prepared by Dhimas Ruswanto, BMm

• Program Development Life Cycle

• Characteristics of a good program

• Types of errors

Lecture Overview

Project Management

Program DevelopmentLife Cycle

Program Development Life Cycle

The program development process is part of the software lifecycle, characterized by the following stages:

Requirements analysis

Design Coding Testing Implementation

and support Documentation

Requirements Analysis

• An accurate and complete set of client and user requirements is produced to determine the characteristics of an acceptable solution

Requirements Analysis (cont’d)

The requirements analysis specification

will contain:• the proposed system or solution, which

has been agreed by the client and developer

• a list of existing tools, new tools, required facilities and people available for developing the solution

• a schedule for the next stages of the project, including the deliverables for each stage

Design Stage

• Use of proper design techniques to illustrate the program specification in a systematic way

• Representing the tasks required in the program specification showing all input, processing and output requirements

• Examples :– Flowchart– Pseudocode– JSP

Coding Stage

• Produce the programs that will make up the system

• Translation of design into programming language code e.g. C, C++, Pascal, Qbasic

• aka implementation• Complete when all code

is written and documented, and compiles without any errors

Testing Stage

• Debugging – Done by Development Team - The task of finding and removing errors/bugs from the program.

• Testing – Done by Testing Team – The task of locating and identifying of bugs/errors included

Testing Stage (cont’d)

• When the program is completed and all separate modules have been tested, a full test of the program is performed – any errors in the program will be

corrected and the test repeated • Types of Tests:

– Alpha test • test of the finished application completed

internally– Beta test

• tested externally

Implementation and Support• When all the previous stages have been

completed satisfactorily, the system is ready for implementation

• Program is transferred to the user’s machine and made to work.

• 3 strategies:– The new program may run concurrently

with the old one– it may completely replaced the old one or– It may phased in gradually

Implementation and Support (cont’d)• Once the program is installed and operated,

it will be monitored for some time to ensure that program is error-free. – Support/Maintenance Stage

• Maintenance includes error fixing, updates and modifications.

Documentation Stage

• All processes in all stages during the system development must be documented/written down.

• This documentation is vital for future reference/for future maintenance of the program.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD PROGRAM• Correctness – fulfilling user requirements• Reliability – it produces correct output and

validates input data to avoid program crash• Portability – easily installed from one

machine to another with minimal modification

• Maintainability – easily followed and modified, not only to the programmer who wrote it

• Readability – clearly documented• Use of resources – fast in processing, uses

minimum storage space and able to run on existing hardware.

TYPES OF ERRORS

Syntax – error relating to the programming language used

Logical – error in programming logic Run-time/execution – error that

appears after you compile and run your code

SUMAMRY

Program Development Life Cycle: Requirements analysis Design Coding Testing Implementation and support Documentation

Types of Errors Syntax Logical Run-Time