Presentation

GrahamTek’s Technology Development ith L Di t RO t B d kwith Large Diameter ROs at Bedok

NEWater,Power Seraya and Perth, etc.

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History of GrahamTek’s Development:

A) Under Apartheid R le So th Africa had to de elop its o nA) Under Apartheid Rule , South Africa had to develop its own technology such as coal to oil due to sanctions. This is one of them

B) By 2001 GrahamTek had already large diameter TechnologyB) By 2001 GrahamTek, had already large diameter Technology ( 16 x 50 inch ) in use in RO plants in Ireland and South Africa

C) In mid 2003, the large diameter RO study was initiated by the US Bureau of Reclamation and a Consortium comprisingUS Bureau of Reclamation and a Consortium comprising major companies came to look into the next generation membranes:

• Dow FilmTec• Dow FilmTec• Hydranuatics• Toray Membrane America• Trisep• Koch Membrane Systems

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• Koch Membrane Systems

Consortium accepted the study by end 2004

Objective of Study by US Bureau of Reclamation:Objective of Study by US Bureau of Reclamation:

• Identify the next generation element size standard diameter that would augment the existing 8 inch diameter membrane standard.standard.

• Preserve element interchangeability between various suppliers to ensure competitive procurement

• Estimate reduce capital and construction costs of large size reverse osmosis plants through reductions in the number of elements, pressure vessels and RO skid components . , p p

• Estimate reductions in the plant foot print and savings in O&M costs, life cycle costs

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The above study was done by Lisa Henthorne of CH2, And she was also the past IDA president

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The study showed that larger diameter elements provided cost savings against the 8 inch RO. ( source of data : Bureau of Reclamation, Large Diameter Membrane Consortium, 2004 )

Life Cycle Costs % of 8" Diameter Elements

Life Cycle costs , % of 8” Diameter RO Elements

96%

98%

100%

102%

Cos

t

90%

92%

94%

96%

er E

lem

ent L

ife C

ycle

12.52550100150

84%

86%

88%

% o

f 8"

Dia

met

e 150

80%

82%

BrackishGround

Water - 8"

BrackishGroundWater -

16"

BrackishGroundWater -

20"

BrackishSurface

Water - 8"

BrackishSurfaceWater -

16"

BrackishSurfaceWater -

20"

Seawater- 8"

Seawater- 16"

Seawater- 20"

5The above show life cycle cost savings from using large diameter ROs

in seawater and brackish water RO plants

What is the GrahamTek RO Technology?A d h i it li d?And how is it applied?

GrahamTek is to date, the market leader in large diameter ( 16 inch ) RO membranes , having 2 reference plants in Singapore .

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, g p g p

GrahamTek 16” RO TechnologyGrahamTek 16 RO Technology GrahamTek’s RO Technology consists of :

• a patented Flow Distributor mounted at the inlet to each RO membrane and

• a patented Electro Magnetic coil wound round the RO pressure vesselp g p

Flow Distributor & membraneATD

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Sectional View

Provides for a very even distribution of Flow within RO membrane

Why Better Performance?More even feed velocity distribution at membrane inlet demonstrated by  Computational Fluid Dynamics SimulationSimulation

8‐inch FS (1.18 m/s)

( / )

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16‐inch 2EPV (0.84 m/s) Super‐Flux NW (1.91 m/s) Super‐Flux PSA (2.15 m/s)

Courtesy of How Yong Ng, National University of Singapore

RO Pressure Vessel

CoilsCoils

Magnetic Field Patterns on Vessels

- Reduce scaling in RO membraneM i t i t bl f

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- Maintain stable performance( Research was conducted by

Prof Hans Coster of Uni of NSW)

How is GrahamTek Positioned?

GrahamTek is not a membrane manufacturerBut is leader in large diameter ROs It has technology ( patents ) which enhances the performance of any RO systemG h T k i lik th INTEL f th RO ld hGrahamTek is like the INTEL of the RO world where our technology enhances the performance of RO elements made by othersWe don’t compete with anybody

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Manufacturers

GrahamTek R&D at PUB Bedok NEWater Factory

decide to adopt 16 x 40 as standard

y2005 IDA in Singapore

Super Flux design with 4 elements

Dec 04 June 06

Per vessel

Aug 06Till to-date

with Koch 16 x 50 membranes

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13000 hrs ( 20 months ) Pilot Testing with 2:1 Vessel Array (1st Phase)

16 Months Testing with16 x 40s Hydranautics and Saehan

( 2nd Phase )

Super-Flux Testing Program At Bedok NEWater FactorySuper-Flux Testing Program At Bedok NEWater Factory

16 Nov 06 : Start of Side Port Programme

Side – Port Testing Programme

Programme

25 Nov 06To-date End-Port Testing Programme

Start on 14 August 06

17 Oct 28 Nov Time line

GrahamTek confirmed that use of 16 inch End Port vs Side Port Does not make any difference in performance

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The Demo Plants at PUB Bedok was used for R&D over 5 years y

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GrahamTek performed R&D in many universities ,on effects of EMF – by world renowned Professors Tony Fane, Hans Coster

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20 Months Pilot Testing:20 Months Pilot Testing:Comparison with 8” RO

Process PerformanceParameters GTK 16” RO Pilot Same 8” RO PlantParameters

Using same feedwater

RO Feed Pressure 9.7-11.0 bar 8.5 – 9.5 bar

RO Permeate Flow 29.1 M3/hr 14.7 m3/hr ( equivalent RO permeate flux

9000 ft )x 9000 sq ft )

RO Recovery 75% 75%

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RO Permeate Flux 20.5 gfd 10.3 gfd

20 Months Pilot Testing (cont’d ) :20 Months Pilot Testing (cont d ) :Comparison with 8” RO

Process PerformanceParameters ( cont’d)

GTK 16” RO PilotOverall Membrane Area: 9000 sq ft

Same 8” RO PlantOverall Membrane Area: 204,400 sq ft

Unit Power Consumption

0.56 kwh/m3 0.7 kwh/m3

pH 5.7 6.0-6.2

Conductivity 25 uS/cm 70 uS/cm

Total Dissolved Solids 12 mg/lit 34 mg/lit

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Total Organic Carbon 54 ppb 80 ppb

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In August 06 , PUB accepted the results of h S Fl D Pl i 20the SuperFlux Demo Plant testing over 20 months and specified the GrahamTek RO technology in the 55 000 m3/d extensiontechnology in the 55,000 m3/d extension

at The Bedok NEWater Factorye edo ate acto y

7 RO trains was commissioned in April and

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Plant Proving completed on June 08

30 Days Plant Proving : 17 May 08 to 19 June 0817 May 08 to 19 June 08

19World’s First GrahamTek 16 inch RO NEWater Plant at Bedok

( 55,000 m3/day )

Comparison between 16” GrahamTek RO skid with conventional 8 “ RO skid for a 8000 m3/dwith conventional 8 “ RO skid for a 8000 m3/dat Bedok NEWater Factory

8” RO Skid 16” GrahamTek RO Skid

Pressure VesselsStage 1 49 vessels 12 vesselsStage 1Stage 2Total nos

49 vessels24 vessels73 vessels

12 vessels6 vessels

18 vessels ( ratio 4:1 )

RO Membranesl 7 4per vessel

Total nos7511

472 ( ratio 7.1 : 1 )

Overall Skid Length 7.85 m 5.53 m

Overall Skid Width 8.125 m 4.80 m

F t P i t A 63 78 2 26 5 2 ( ti 2 4 1 )

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Foot Print Area 63.78 m2(1 skid of 3 RO banks )

26.5 m2 ( ratio 2.4 : 1 )( in 1 RO skid )

The above table shows the competitiveness of the GrahamTek 16 inch RO system

Some performance data of the 55,000 m3/day at PUB’s Bedok NEWater FactoryPUB s Bedok NEWater Factory

6 RO Trains with Hydranautic Membranes1 RO Train with Seahan Membranes

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56 MLD NEWater Phase 2 Expansion Secondary Effluent Reclamation at PUB Bedok

C i i D t A il 23 2008

DATA:7 PUB RO TRAIN Membrane : HYDRANAUTICS

ESPA 2 (16" x 40")A i S f A 12 0 f

600

Commission Date: April 23, 2008Flow

Active Surface Area : 1270 sqftRO System Design : 2-Stage 2:1 PV Elements per Vessel : 4 nosOperating time : ~2760 hrs.To-date : April 29 - September 29, 2008

500Av. Feed Flow = 453.3 m3/h

300

400

Flow

, m3 /h

Av. Overall Product Flow = 344.5 m3/h

100

200

Av. Stage 2 Product Flow = 116.1 m3/h

Av. Stage 1 Product Flow = 228.4 m3/h

0

Cumulative Operating hours

Stage 1 Product Flow Stage 2 Product Flow Overall Product Flow Feed Flow

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56 MLD NEWater Phase 2 Expansion Secondary Effluent Reclamation at PUB Bedok

C i i D t A il 23 2008

DATA:7 PUB RO TRAIN Membrane : HYDRANAUTICS

ESPA 2 (16" x 40")A i S f A 12 0 f

90%

Commission Date: April 23, 2008Recovery

Active Surface Area : 1270 sqftRO System Design : 2-Stage 2:1 PV Elements per Vessel : 4 nosOperating time : ~2760 hrs.To-date : April 29 - September 29, 2008

70%

80%

90%

Av. Overall Recovery = 76.0 %

50%

60%

ecov

ery,

%

Av. Stage 1 Recovery = 50.4 %

Av. Stage 2 Recovery = 51.6 %

20%

30%

40%

Re

10%

20%

Cumulative Operating hours

Stage 1 Recovery Stage 2 Recovery Overall Recovery

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56 MLD NEWater Phase 2 Expansion Secondary Effluent Reclamation at PUB Bedok

C i i D t A il 23 2008

DATA:7 PUB RO TRAIN Membrane : HYDRANAUTICS

ESPA 2 (16" x 40")A i S f A 12 0 f

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Commission Date: April 23, 2008Flux

Active Surface Area : 1270 sqftRO System Design : 2-Stage 2:1 PV Elements per Vessel : 4 nosOperating time : ~2760 hrs.To-date : April 29 - September 29, 2008

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30Av. Stage 1 Flux = 23.7 gfdAv. Stage 2 Flux = 24.1 gfdAv. Overall Flux = 23.9 gfd

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24

Flux

, gfd

18

21

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Cumulative Operating hours

Stage 1 Flux Stage 2 Flux Overall Flux

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PSA marine SWRO Desal Plant

Capacity :1000m3/d

The PSA plant is both a commercially viable plant as well as a R&D and

Test Facility for GrahamTek

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It was commissioned in Aug 03 but de-commissioned in April 08

Progress on GrahamTek SWRO Technology:

GrahamTek SWRO Desalination Plant design uses a 2 stage design concept to ensure high cross flows over the membrane surface thus avoiding severe membranethe membrane surface thus avoiding severe membrane fouling.

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The PSA plant was retro fitted with pthe SuperFlux design in July 06

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GrahamTek’s 16 inch RO technology was applied to theGrahamTek s 16 inch RO technology was applied to the PowerSeraya SWRO plant with capacity of 10,000 m3/d

The SWRO desal plant is located on Jurong Island , Singapore

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29

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GMF –Stage 2

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RO pass 1 Train

3232

RO pass 2 Trains

3333

Key Performance Indicators

SDI < 3.5 100% of time Feed Cond. : 43.4 to 44.9 Us/cm1st Pass Flux : 13.9 gfd, Recovery : 45%

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2ndPass Flux : 24.4 gfd Recovery : 85%Power consumption : 3.95 kwhr/m3 (whole plant)RO power consumption: 2.95 kwhr/m3

Degremont in early 2008 requested a GrahamTek pilot plant atDegremont in early 2008 requested a GrahamTek pilot plant at their Perth, Kwinana site

for side by side comparison with their 8 inch RO plant

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G h T k SWRO Pil t Pl t t D t’ P th K i itGrahamTek SWRO Pilot Plant at Degremont’s Perth Kwinana site

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Comparison of design for Perth Desal Plant        for Degremont

Degremont 8 inch Skid GrahamTek 16 inch Skid Designed output Flows

Pass 1Pressure Vessels 162 nos 28+14 = 42 nos 555.5 m3/hrMembranes 162 x 7 = 1134 42 x 5 = 210

Pass 2Pressure Vessels 78 + 26 = 104 nos 12 + 6 =18 nos 916.5 m3/hrMembranes 104 x 7 = 728 18 x 5 = 90

TotalPass 1,  12 skids 1,944 Vessels  504 vessels

13,716 elements 2,520 elements, ,

Pass 2,  6 skids 624 vessels 108 vessels4,368 elements 504 elements

Footprint Comparison: 8 inch RO skid vs 16 inchGT  RO skid

Degremont 8 inch Skid GrahamTek 16 inch Skid

64.8 m2 42.2 m2

100% 65%

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To-date, Grahamtek has penetrated the Korean market and the GrahamTek technology is used in a

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the GrahamTek technology is used in a Korean Government National R&D seawater RO project

Conclusion:Conclusion:• Grahamtek has successfully pilot tested its 16 inch RO system on both

seawater as well as NEWater type applications

• Established good reference projects for both seawater as well as brackish water membrane applications

• GrahamTek is first in the world with 16 inch diam RO technology

• With cooperation from key suppliers such as Codeline andWith cooperation from key suppliers such as Codeline and HYDRANAUTICS & Saehan GrahamTek has successfully established worldwide industry standards for the 16 inch RO Industry

Singapore is also the first country in the world to use 16 inch RO• Singapore is also the first country in the world to use 16 inch RO technology

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