Post on 11-Apr-2017
Presentation Skills in the
Occupational Therapy Field
Lauren Hicks OTSShaina Katz OTS
Tony Tran OTS
AOTA.org
About Us● Lauren Hicks, OTS
●Cal State Dominguez Hills●B.A. in Psychology
●Shaina Katz, OTS●Eastern Washington University●B.A. in Psychology
●Minor in Anthropology
●Tony Tran, OTS●Cal State Long Beach●B.S. Health Science: Community Health
Agenda●Why is this important?●Prepare & plan presentation●Introduce yourself ●Game!●Beginning, middle & end of presentation●Visuals●Relationship, audience, body language, & voice●Summary●Game!●Presenting in occupational therapy field●Short survey
Why is this Important?
Prepare & Plan●What is the aim? ●What is my title?●Who am I speaking to?●What are the main points I want to make?●What do I want the audience to do after listening to my
presentation?
Other Questions Concerning the Physical Aspects….
●Who is the audience?●Where will it take place? ●What time of day is it? Will the audience be more or less
receptive when listening? ●Are you going to need handouts or any other documents?
How many?●Am I dressed appropriately? Shoes polished? Are my
hands and fingernails clean?
Structure of an Oral Presentation
● There are three parts to a typical presentation: ●The beginning (introduction)●The middle (body)●The end (conclusion)
The Beginning(Introduction)
● Get the audience's attention and signal the beginning● ”Shall we begin?”
“Let’s get down to business?”
● Joke, story, alarming statistic…
● Get them talking by asking a question
Greet Audience●It is important to greet the audience by saying
something like: ●“Hello, ladies and gentlemen”●“Good morning fellow classmates”●“Good afternoon esteemed guests” ●“Thank you for your kind introduction”
Introduce Oneselfname, position, company
●Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen, let me introduce myself
●Good morning everyone, I'd like to start by introducing myself. My name is...
Game TimeBeach Ball Game
Give Title and Introduce
Subject
● I plan to speak about...
● Today I'm going to talk about...
● The subject of my presentation is...
Why are you going to
speak about it?
● I have chosen to speak about this because...
● I was asked to speak about ______because...
● It is useful to give the listeners some idea of how long you will speak so as to maintain their attention better● This talk will last about
1 hour
● Ask a question to determine the attitude/knowledge of audience.● “Have you ever heard
of….?”● “You may have
wondered….?”
● You may want to give acknowledgements here too.
Give Your Objectivespurpose, aim, goal
● You should have two purposes:
● A general purpose (to give an overview, to present, to summarize, to outline; to discuss the current situation or to explain how to do something or how something is done)
● A specific one (what you want the audience to take away with them after listening to you, what you want them to do, what they should remember)
Announce Your Outline●I have broken my speech down/up into X parts●I have divided my presentation (up) into Y parts●In the first part I give a few basic definitions●In the next section I will explain ●In part three, I am going to show... ●In the last part I would like/want to give a practical
example...
Questions & Comments From the Audience
I'd ask you to save your questions for the endYou may interrupt me at any moment to ask questions or
make comments
Make a transition from introduction to the body
Now let us turn to point oneLet us now move on to the second part, which is, as I said
earlier….
The Middle(Body)
● Content: What information should you give in your speech?
● Quantity: How much information should you give?● Sequencing your ideas: Cause & effect, problem &
solution● Keeping the audience's attention: The beginning and the
end or the first and last parts of a talk are what listeners will remember best
● Listing information: Lists are often a necessary evil. Vary your language whenever possible and avoid reading directly.
● Linking ideas, sections/making transitions: Indicate the end of one section and the beginning of the next
Be Clear and Concrete●To give an example: An
example of this can be found... To illustrate this…
●To rephrase: In other words… Let me rephrase that….
●To summarize: To sum up... To recap what we've seen so far...
●To emphasize: What is very significant is... What is important to remember...
The End(Conclusion)
● Content: ●Brief reminder of what you tried to show in your speech
and how you tried to do so●A short conclusion●Thanks to the audience for listening●An invitation to ask questions, make comments or open a
discussion.
The End(Conclusion)
●Naturally you need to signpost the end of your talk. This may take the form of a recapitulation of the main points
●Or there may be recommendations or proposals that you wish to make
●Above all when you conclude do not do it abruptly or as if surprised to get to the end of your talk
●You may at this point wish to distribute a vocabulary list or more detailed information that you wish to make available
●And finally, questions
Visuals
What are visual and why should you use them?
Visuals
What should you put on a visual?Size, layout, font (typeface) and size, colors
How many?
Visuals●How should you present a visual?
●Give the audience time to draw their attention to it, understand it and make the link with what you are saying
●You can also try to rephrase your point to give it emphasis, giving the audience time to absorb the information in the visual
Establishing a Relationship with the Audience
● Arouse listeners' interest from the beginning and make it personal.
● Or illustrate with a real life story or anecdote
● Be brief and clear in giving the subject and purpose. The speaker’s attitude is important - knowledge, personality, openness. Be lively and enthusiastic.
Body LanguageWhat is body language? Why is it useful?
Positive Body Language●Eye contact to keep
audiences' attention
●Facial expressions should be natural and friendly. Don't forget to smile
●Posture – stand straight but relaxed (do not slouch or lean)
●Movement - to indicate a change of focus, keep the audience's attention
●Gesture
Negative Body Language●Loss of eye contact: looking at notes, looking at screen, at
the board, at the floor
●Don't stare, or look blankly into people's eyes
●Swaying back and forth like a pendulum
●Back turned to the audience
●Nervous ticks
●Hands in pockets
Voice & PronunciationBoth are very important for effective communicationCan you pronounce:Rural Anemone Drawer
WorcestershireClothes Literature Deterioration ExclamationCrisps Thistle Catastrophic Assailant
Voice●The voice, or more precisely the qualities of the voice,
should be used to it’s/their fullest
● Qualities include: loudness, speed (fast or slow), variety, pitch (high or low), silent moments or pauses
●The voice is important: to indicate importance, meaning to create atmosphere and to avoid sounding monotonous and putting the audience to sleep!
Summary● Careful preparation and
organization are required
● Who you are speaking to, when, where, and why?
● A speech with a step-by-step approach is one that is easy to follow
● Be careful with the visuals
● Pronunciate!
● Body language and voice are extremely important
Game TimeAdvertising Game
Helpful Tips●Check to make sure everything is working
●Check any handouts and powerpoint for spelling errors
●Test to see if people can hear and see you from the back of the room
●Face the audience and stand off to the side of the screenRemember anyone can give a good presentation. Don’t worry if you are not naturally extroverted. Preparation
and practice can be the keys to success!
Remember anyone can give a good presentation. Don’t worry if you are not naturally extroverted. Preparation and
practice can be the keys to success!
Presenting and Occupational Therapy
●Presentation Guidelines● The Message: What’s the major point?● The Context: Population? Lit review? Data
collection? ● Expand the Message: Describe in depth● Impact and Application: How will this
influence the profession (of occupational therapy)?
The AOTA Presenter’s Handbook. (2014). The American Occupational Therapy Association.
Presenting and Occupational Therapy cont.
●Involve the Audience!
● Provide participants with an opportunity to directly apply some of the principles they have been learning throughout the presentation to get immediate feedback from faculty and peers. ●i.e.: Group discussion, case studies, demonstrations,
simulation, role play, or a structured experiential learning activity.
Presenting and Occupational Therapy cont.
● Questions & Answers
Presenting and Occupational Therapy: Finding the Evidence
● Occupational Therapy Practice Guideline Series
● American Journal of Occupational Therapy
● Critically Appraised Topics (CAT) and Critically Appraised Papers (CAP)
● Evidence Bytes - A feature in the 1 Minute Update
● Evidence Perks - A quarterly column in OT Practice
● CE on CD
● Evidence Exchange - central repository for Critically Appraised Papers
● Evidence Briefs - summaries of articles selected from scientific literature
● The EBP Resource Directory - online service that links users to Internet sites related to the evidence - based practice of occupational therapy.
● Journal Club Toolkit
But, wait! There’s more!
http://www.aota.org/~/media/Corporate/Files/ConferenceDocs/2014/Presenter%20page%20docs/2014%20Presenter%20Handbook%20FINAL.pdf
ReferencesBossers, A., Kernaghan, J., Hodgkins, L., Merla, L., O’Connor,
C., & Van Kessel, M. (1999). Defining and developing professionalism. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66(3) (116-121)Ingraham, S. (n.d.) Tips for a powerful student presentation. The
American Occupational Therapy Association.Storz, C. et al. 2002. Oral Presentation Skills: A Practical Guide.
Institut National de Télécommunications. Evry, France: INT.
The AOTA Presenter’s Handbook. (2014). The American Occupational Therapy Association.