Presentation Project Presentation Project Political CommunicationPolitical Communication

How do the American and the How do the American and the Dutch government inform Dutch government inform their people about drug their people about drug

policies? policies?

A comparison.A comparison.

By Ziemowit Falicki and Steven By Ziemowit Falicki and Steven LipsLips

Structure presentationStructure presentation IntroductionIntroductionAmerican drug policy American drug policy Dutch drug policyDutch drug policyConclusionConclusionPop QuizPop Quiz

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

HistoryHistory

1964 - Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs1964 - Single Convention on Narcotic DrugsLyndon JohnsonLyndon Johnson1900: aspirin, heroin1900: aspirin, heroinToday - 1 gram: aspirin: $ 0,20; heroin: $50Today - 1 gram: aspirin: $ 0,20; heroin: $50

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

Legal Drugs:Legal Drugs:

Prescription DrugsPrescription Drugs Over-the-counter DrugsOver-the-counter Drugs InhalantsInhalants

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

Illegal Drugs:Illegal Drugs:

Everything else; cocaine, heroin, crack, Everything else; cocaine, heroin, crack, LSD, GHB, MDMA, XTC, Marijuana, etc.LSD, GHB, MDMA, XTC, Marijuana, etc.

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

US: very wide and developed US: very wide and developed governmental activities to enforce anti-governmental activities to enforce anti-drug laws, prevent drug-use, inform drug laws, prevent drug-use, inform public, research, and treatment.public, research, and treatment.

The biggest are the federal-, and anti-The biggest are the federal-, and anti-drug law enforcement authorities (40).drug law enforcement authorities (40).

DEADEA

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

DEA arrestsDEA arrests

2002 - 27,6352002 - 27,635 2001 - 33,5392001 - 33,539 2000 - 38,9572000 - 38,957 1999 - 39,5001999 - 39,500

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United StatesDEA Drug SeizuresDEA Drug Seizures

DEA Drug Seizures

CalendarYear

Cocainekgs

Heroinkgs

Marijuanakgs

2002 61,594 705 195,6442001 59,426 752 271,7852000 58,627 546 331,9641999 36,167 351 337,832

Drug policy in the United States Drug policy in the United States

Penalties Penalties 10 Years 5 Years

Marijuana 1,000 kg < 100 - 999 kg Heroin 1 kg < 100 gr Cocaine 5 kg < 500 - 4,999 gr

Drug policy in the Drug policy in the NetherlandsNetherlands

Narcotics Act / Opium ActNarcotics Act / Opium ActAHOJ-G criteriaAHOJ-G criteriaFacts and FiguresFacts and FiguresTrimbos InstituteTrimbos InstitutePrevention and Public Prevention and Public InformationInformation

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

Narcotics Act / Opium Narcotics Act / Opium ActAct

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

no advertising (A)no advertising (A) no sales of hard drugs (H)no sales of hard drugs (H) no nuisance (O)no nuisance (O) no admission to coffee shops for minors no admission to coffee shops for minors (under 18) (J) (under 18) (J) and no sales of large quantities (more than and no sales of large quantities (more than

5 5 grams) per transaction (G)grams) per transaction (G)

AHOJ-G CriteriaAHOJ-G Criteria

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

Number of Dutch recent Number of Dutch recent cannabis cannabis users rose from 326,000 to users rose from 326,000 to 408,000 between 1997-2002408,000 between 1997-2002

The popularity of The popularity of cocaine cocaine has grownhas grown The number of The number of ecstasy ecstasy users in the general population users in the general population

increased between 1997 and 2001, in particular among increased between 1997 and 2001, in particular among womenwomen

Of all members of the European Union, the Netherlands have Of all members of the European Union, the Netherlands have the lowest number of problem users of hard drugs per the lowest number of problem users of hard drugs per thousand inhabitants.thousand inhabitants.

There are indications that the popularity of There are indications that the popularity of GHB GHB has risenhas risen The drug problem indisputably places a heavy burden on the The drug problem indisputably places a heavy burden on the

resources of the police and the criminal justice system.resources of the police and the criminal justice system.

Facts and FiguresFacts and Figures

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the NetherlandsFacts and FiguresFacts and FiguresRecent use of cannabis among secondary school students Recent use of cannabis among secondary school students aged 12 and above (%)aged 12 and above (%)

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

the management, clients and staff of service providers both in the the management, clients and staff of service providers both in the field of mental health care and in the care of addicts; field of mental health care and in the care of addicts;

other organisations involved in prevention and health education; other organisations involved in prevention and health education; welfare organisations; welfare organisations; institutions engaged in education and training; institutions engaged in education and training; the general public, and the general public, and the mediathe media

The Trimbos InstituteThe Trimbos Institute

Government’s main communication resourceGovernment’s main communication resource

and for:and for:

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

‘‘The Healthy School and Stimulants’ The Healthy School and Stimulants’ projectproject

the ‘Drugs and Leisure Time’ projectthe ‘Drugs and Leisure Time’ project XTC testingXTC testing

Prevention and Public InformationPrevention and Public Information

ConclusionsConclusions

US: drug-laws are harshUS: drug-laws are harsh US: focus on drug-laws enforcementUS: focus on drug-laws enforcement US: anti-drug campaign is more US: anti-drug campaign is more

emotional, direct, and intensive.emotional, direct, and intensive. US: high costs (2001: $18 bilion)US: high costs (2001: $18 bilion)

Conclusions (2)Conclusions (2)

Holland: drug-laws are softerHolland: drug-laws are softer Holland: focus on information about Holland: focus on information about

drug-usedrug-use Drugs illegal, but toleratedDrugs illegal, but tolerated Less taxpayer’s moneyLess taxpayer’s money

Conclusions (3)Conclusions (3)

overall, drug-use is raising in both overall, drug-use is raising in both countriescountries

different theories; lack of moral and different theories; lack of moral and ethical values?ethical values?

Is smoking pot legal in the Is smoking pot legal in the Netherlands?Netherlands?

No, according to the opium law No, according to the opium law it is illegal, but there is no it is illegal, but there is no penalty for smoking it.penalty for smoking it.

What institute is very important for What institute is very important for the communication between the the communication between the Dutch government and its people Dutch government and its people about drugs?about drugs?

A) The Roodbos InstituteA) The Roodbos Institute

B) The Trimbos InstituteB) The Trimbos Institute

C) The Wilbos InstituteC) The Wilbos Institute

Which of the following projects are Which of the following projects are developed by the government to developed by the government to prevent drug abuse?prevent drug abuse?

A) XTC Testing pointsA) XTC Testing points

B) ‘The Healthy School and Stimulants’ project

C) “The Drugs and Leisure Time” C) “The Drugs and Leisure Time” projectproject

Which US president started The Which US president started The War on Drugs?War on Drugs?

A) Ronald ReaganA) Ronald ReaganB) Richard NixonB) Richard NixonC) Lyndon JohnsonC) Lyndon JohnsonD) Woodrow WilsonD) Woodrow Wilson

Which of these drugs are illegal in Which of these drugs are illegal in the US?the US?

A) AmphetamineA) AmphetamineB) InhalantsB) Inhalants

C) Overdose aspirinC) Overdose aspirinD) Sniffing D) Sniffing

ibuprofenibuprofen

How come illegal drugs are so How come illegal drugs are so expensive?expensive? A) Because of the Iraq- A) Because of the Iraq-situation: Texaco didn’t produce enough situation: Texaco didn’t produce enough oil for drug production.oil for drug production. B) There B) There hardly grows any cocain in Colombia. C) hardly grows any cocain in Colombia. C) Prohibition makes the risk-factor high for Prohibition makes the risk-factor high for dealers. dealers. D) D) Because of the California budget crisis.Because of the California budget crisis.

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

Drug policy in the United StatesDrug policy in the United States

Drug policy in the NetherlandsDrug policy in the Netherlands