Post on 22-Sep-2020
http://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
National Institute of Research and Developmentfor Potato and Sugar Beet
(NIRDPSB) Brasov, ROMANIA
PRESENT AND FUTURE TRENDSPRESENT AND FUTURE TRENDSOF THE POTATO CHAIN IN ROMANIAOF THE POTATO CHAIN IN ROMANIA
Sorin CHIRU, Gheorghe OLTEANU, Laura Asanache
Bulgaria, Plovdiv, 5-6 July 2010
National Institute of Research and Developmentfor Potato and Sugar Beet
(NIRDPSB) Brasov, ROMANIA
General data regarding the agriculture in Romania
Romania is situated in the South-East part of Europe, at the intersection of principal axis of communication North-South and East-West.
With a total area of 238391 km2, almost as large as United Kingdom (244100 km2), Romania is the ninth largest country in an enlarged European Union with 27 members states.
It represents 5.4% from area and 4.7% from the EU population (MARD, 2009).
Romania is situated in the South-East part of Europe, at the intersection of principal axis of communication North-South and East-West.
With a total area of 238391 km2, almost as large as United Kingdom (244100 km2), Romania is the ninth largest country in an enlarged European Union with 27 members states.
It represents 5.4% from area and 4.7% from the EU population (MARD, 2009).
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
The Romanian agriculture, although with a high natural potential, is still far from a compatible level to the European Union structures.
From the 23.8 million hectares of total area, the agriculture amounts 14.8 million hectares.
From all cultivated surface of 8.9 million hectares the first three crops are :
1. Cereals 62%;2. Oleaginous plants (15%); 3. Potato (3.2%).
The Romanian agriculture, although with a high natural potential, is still far from a compatible level to the European Union structures.
From the 23.8 million hectares of total area, the agriculture amounts 14.8 million hectares.
From all cultivated surface of 8.9 million hectares the first three crops are :
1. Cereals 62%;2. Oleaginous plants (15%); 3. Potato (3.2%).
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
KEY POINTS OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
�Romania has joined the EU in 2007;�Major implication for agriculture and rural economy are expectedafter accession.
KEY ISSUES OF AGRICULTURE
�Use 62% of land (14.8 M ha);�Constitutes ca 13% of GVA;�More than 30% of working population (compare < 5% in EU);�Small-scale, low-tech, inefficient (75% farms < 5 ha)
National Institute of Research and Developmentfor Potato and Sugar Beet
(NIRDPSB) Brasov, ROMANIA
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Actual situation of the potato crop
Evolution of potato area and average yield in Romania in the last 50 years (1957-2008) and 2008
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1957-1960
1961-1970
1971-1980
1981-1990
1991-2000
2001-2007
2008
Period
Are
a (X
100
0 H
a)
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ld (
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a)
Area Yield Trend (Yield) Trend (Area)
Source: FAO Databases, 2008 and MARD, 2009
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Limiting factors in potato production
� Reduced size of agricultural exploitations;
� Sanitary quality of planting material;
� Poor supply of financial sources for potato growers;
� Low education level of potato growers;
� The climatic conditions of last years.
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
The reduced sizes of land areas (2009)
Agricultural
exploitation typeNumber of landowners
Potato surface average (ha)
Individual growers 2261000 0.3
Family associations 1197 13.7
Companies 498 25.6
Research-development units 5 86.0
Source: MARD, 2009
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Fig.4. T
rend of hydrothermal index 1910 - 2007
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1910-11
1913-14
1916-17
1919-20
1922-23
1925-26
1928-29
1931-32
1934-35
1937-38
1940-41
1943-44
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1967-68
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1973-74
1976-77
1979-80
1982-83
1985-86
1988-89
1991-92
1994-95
1997-98
2000-01
2003-04
Pe
riod
Hydrothermal index
National Institute of R
esearch and Developm
ent for Potato and Sugar B
eethttp://w
ww
.potato.roE
-mail: icpc@
potato.ro
Potato production crop structure (proposal)
Specification2008 2010
Area(X 1000 ha)
Quantity (MT)
Area (X 1000 ha)
Quantity (MT)
A. Potato for human fresh consumption 262,0 3764,0 190,0 3650,0
- Very early and early potato 14,0 210,0 15,0 300,0
- Medium late potato 20,0 300,0 20,0 400,0
- Late potato 228,0 3254,0 155,0 2950,0
B. Forage potato - 700,0 - 500,0
C. Processed potato 3,3 66,0 6,0 150,0
D. Seed potato 3,5 63,0 4,0 100,0
TOTAL 268,8 3893,0 200,0 3900,0
Average yield X 16,3 X 19,5
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Source: MADR, 2008
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Comparison with the countries from European Union
The rank of Romania in EU by potato area and total yield(Ten top producers, 2008)
Source: FAOSTAT, 2009
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
0,00
100,00
200,00
300,00
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500,00
600,00
700,00
Are
a (x
100
0 ha
)
010002000300040005000600070008000900010000
Tot
al y
ield
(x
1000
t)
Area Total yield
Area 597,23 283,09 30,03 22,58 24,47 18,38 5,92
Total yield 8982 4016 692 574 386 263 107
Poland RomaniaCzech
RepublicHungary Bulgaria Slovakia Slovenia
Area and total yield in seven EUCentral & Eastern countries (2006)
Source: FAO Databases, 2006
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Country
Area (ha x 1000) Total Yield (t x 1000)
Average1996-08
2008 Difference %Average1996-08
2008 Difference %
Poland 1112.39 597.23 515.16 54 20008.46 8981.98 11026.48 45
Romania 299.38 283.09 16.29 95 4155.01 4015.90 139.11 97
Czech R. 61.17 30.03 31.14 49 1309.05 692.17 779.02 53
Hungary 46.16 22.58 23.58 49 991.58 574.44 417.14 58
Bulgaria 44.94 24.47 20.47 54 523.74 386.05 137.69 74
Slovakia 29.56 18.38 11.18 62 464.21 263.08 201.13 57
Slovenia 8.73 5.92 2.81 68 179.02 106.97 72.05 60
Evolution of potato crop in seven Central & Eastern countries (1996-2008)
Source: FAO Databases, 2008 and MARD, 2009
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Some historical references in potato crop in Romania
Potato has a relatively long tradition in Romanian
� Practical Knowledge for potato crop - 1760.
� After a severe famine (1800‘s) “CARTOFUL”
was promoted as a staple food crop.
� 2008 – Potato is still the country’s “second
bred”.
� Excepting the years 1970-1990 when the
surfaces were concentrated in an industrial
system of cultivation, both anterior periods and
present had prevailing in potato culture the small
plots dimensions.
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Specialized areas for potato crop in Romania
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR POTATO AND SUGAR BEET(NIRDPSB) BRASOV
Results and trends in breeding,seed production and technology
Breeding- to breed varieties of potato adapted to the range of climatic conditions of Romania
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
1923 Varieties – 2 MAIKONING
EDELROSEN
1930-1945 Varieties – 3 ARDEAL
SOMESAN
NAPOCA
1950-1966 Varieties – 8 BUCUR
COLINA
POIANA
CARPATIN
1967- 2000 Varieties – 30 SUPER REDSEC
ROCLAS ROBUSTA
CRISTIAN SUCEVITA
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
2001-2009 Varieties – 30 TRANSILVANIA LUIZA
DUMBRAVA AMICII
MAGIC
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Potato:
- Breeding lines 40 / an
- Checked lines in ISTIS 322
- Varieties introduced in national List 41
- Protected varieties by OSIM 12
CarasSeverin
Timis Hunedoara
Goj
MehedintiDolj
Teleorman
OltGiurgiu
IlfovCalarasi
Constanta
Ialomita
Tulcea
Braila
VilceaArges
DimbovitaPrahova
Buzau
Arad
Bihor
SatuMare
Maramures
Salaj
Cluj
BistritaNasaud
SuceavaBotosani
Iasi
NeamtVaslui
Bacau
VranceaGalati
Alba
Sibiu BrasovCovasna
MuresHarghita
Seed production- to be a key provider of high quality seed (this will incorporate biotechnological solutions including tissue culture and the production of mini and micro tubers).
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
YearArea– ha -
Biologial categories
Pre-base
Base Certified
SE E Class A Class B1999 6438,50 - 369,60 1201,30 1857,20 1938,30
2000 4945,00 - 82,50 658,70 1391,30 1414,80
2001 5185,00 2,80 86,50 579,20 1279,20 2200,30
2002 3353,40 1,00 65,00 158,10 1252,60 1316,30
2003 2810,10 44,00 140,00 213,70 1030,00 1382,50
2004 3095,80 35,00 146,80 510,30 1167,20 1027,00
2005 1731,00 64,80 80,00 181,50 960,70 444,50
2006 2257,00 30,00 175,00 152,00 1212,00 686,00
2007 2620,64 38,50 102,80 304,28 1106,72 1068,34
2008 2174,32 8,00 54,00 158,30 1201,50 752,52
2009 1961,59 37,00 68,70 194,60 919,81 741,48
2010 878,60 32,00 49,80 108,90 444,40 243,50
�Dynamics of potato certified seed area
Dynamics of potato certified seed area
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
ChristianMicro-cuttings
Micro-plants Roclas
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Technology “insect proof”
- Integrated Crop & Pest Management
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Technology- to develop an understanding of the agronomy and crop protection for efficient and environmentally sound crop production (including precision farming).- to ensure that laboratories operate under quality assurance standards and crop production according EU standards.
VerisTech
NIR/VIS Spectrometer & EC
Precision farming
36,034,032,030,028,026,024,022,020,018,016,0
Clay content (%)
Fre
quen
cy
30
20
10
0
1) Development of potato breeding and genetic resea rches through new genomic and technological approaches, to obtain genotypes, which correspond to present and future requirements regar ding the production of healthier foods, with high qualities, suitable for ecological agriculture and which permit utilization of new protective technolo gical methods more friendly for environment, with conservation potenti al to regenerate natural resources.
The ways to solve this problem are the following:
- improving yield qualities, increasing diversity an d breeding realizing new genotypes with special characteristics (antioxidant s, vitamins, essentials);
- obtaining stress resisting genotypes to reduce the effects of adverse conditions (climatic changes, CO2 concentration, po llution);
- breeding the genotypes suitable for processing;
- breeding the genotypes suitable for organic crop.
Main research domains of interest at NIRDPSB BRASOV (2008-2013)
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
2) Development of clean technologies types “from fa rm to fork” in accordance with sustainable agricultural principles, increasin g food and safety security, respecting general and specific requirements of the market.
Directions to solve these problems are:
- perfecting the technologies and drawing up the Gui de for Good Agricultural Practices (GAP).
- elaboration of support systems for decisions (DSS) for all involved processes (production, pest and diseases management, farm man agement).
- promoting the principles of Precision Farming thro ugh organizing an Excellency Centre (based on the newest scientific realizations : intelligent and cognitive systems for monitoring, modeling and management of the processes from potato agro-ecosystems).
3) Promoting alternative technologies for potato cr op to obtain ecological products.
Elaboration and promoting specific technologies for ecological crops with high environmental protection.
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
�SCG Project No. 141559/22.04.2008
�DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION OF AN ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTION MODULE
�(POTATO, CEREALS, MEDICINAL PLANTS, FODDER PLANTS) AT FARM LEVEL
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�Project objectives:�- “ Traditional and ecologycal farm produces “considered as a priority by UTSG.�- Accomplishment of a experimental model at farm level to get vegetal products eco certified and in which it wil be applied innovative agricultural technologies specified for each species; - Obtaining eco farm products with high biologycal value (certified seed) on species: potato, phacelia, triticale, correspniding to farmers requirements, certified op erators for ecological agriculture and market operators;�- Improvement of scientifical and technical information dissemination (obtained through applied research) throug authorized operators transfer, professional associa tions students, pupils on modern ideas and technics conce rning eco cultures;
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�INCDCSZ Braşov�Location site-eco-farm,
2008�1. Alfalfa, 4 ha�2. Phacelia, 1 ha�3. Potato - eco, 1 ha�4. Maize for grains, 4 ha�5. Perennial weeds , 14 ha
�1
�5
�4�3
�2
�A 1.1. Delimitation of ecological module surfaces –24 ha on A 289 plot, being on conversion
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
primavara primavara primavara primavara primavara
cultura ha cultura ha cultura ha cultura ha cultura ha
perene vechi 1 cartof 1 triticale 1 porumb 1 facelia 1
perene vechi 1 facelia 1 triticale 1 porumb 1 cartof 1
perene vechi 4 porumb 4 cartof 4 trticale 4 sfeclă furaj 4
perene vechi 4 lucerna an I 4 lucerna an II 4 lucerna an III 4 porumb 4
perene vechi 1 perene vechi 1 facelia 1 cartof 1 triticale 1
perene vechi 3 perene vechi 3 porumb 3 cartof 3 triticale 3
perene vechi 1 perene vechi 1 porumb 1 facelia 1 cartof 1
perene vechi 4 perene vechi 4 perene vechi 4 lucerna an
I 4 lucerna an II 4
perene vechi 2 perene vechi 2 perene vechi 2 porumb 2 cartof 2
perene vechi 3 perene vechi 3 perene vechi 3 perene
vechi 3 porumb 3
Total 24 X 24 X 24 X 24 X 24
�The structure and crop rotation on eco module
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�Species and varieties under crop on ecological module:
- POTATO - RUSTIC variety
- MAIZE - CINCANTIN, HĂNGĂNESC, de
FĂGĂRAŞ varieties
- PHACELIA - BALO variety
- ALFALFA - Local variety
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�RUSTIC POTATO VARIETY
�RUSTIC is a Romanian variety, created at NIRDPSB Brasov through individual clonal selection, from a hybrid population and it is recomanded for ecological culture of potato on higher rural zones and on traditional agriculture zones, for autumn-winter consumption and processing as pommes-frites.
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�Weeds manual control
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�Ecological and innovative technologies to control Colorado potato beetle:
1. Utilization of natural insecticide:� - Beauveria bassiana solution, 2 l/ha, 2
treatments at 48 hours intervals� (technology proposed by ICDPP
Bucharest)
� 2. Mechanical destruction of adults and larvae:� - pneumatic device for collecting the
Colorado potato beetle� (technology developed with INMA
Bucharest)
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
�Mechanical control of Colorado potato beetle on eco module
�National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Extension activities
�Know-how TransferFarmer day, Vadul Motilor Alba, 2004
ROCLAS
CHRISTIAN
Green Day in Harghita, 2007
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
International activities
�AGRICO, Netherlands� CRA Libramont, Belgium� GNIS, France� EUROPLANT, Germany � HZPC, Netherlands� M. S. R. I. P. Moldova� INORDE, Ourense, Spain� CIPA , Modena, Italy� CASP, Charlottetown, Canada
CIP Lima, 2006
Training supported by MAKIS (World Bank)
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
WIC, Netherlands, 2007
Training supported by MAKIS (World Bank)
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
EAPR Agronomy Meeting, Constanta, 2004
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beethttp://www.potato.ro E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
The 17th Trennial Conference of the EAPRJuly 06 – 10 Brasov, ROMANIA
Thank you !