Post on 11-Apr-2018
Present and Future of the Arecibo Observatory
InstrumentationLuis A. Quintero
Cornell University / NAICNational Astronomy and Inonosphere Center
CASPER 2010 Workshop17 August 2010
Outline
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
• The Arecibo Observatory• Backends at the Arecibo Observatory
- Interim Correlator - WAPP- Mock Spectrometer - Galspect- VLBA Mark4 & Mark5B (continuum)- Radar Interface (continuum)
• Future Backends- rDBE & Mark5C- Arecibo GUPPI- ROACH Based Radar Interface
• Questions
Arecibo Observatory
305m
It is part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NAIC) at Cornell University and funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF)
~100m~80m
~900Ton
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Transmitters & Receivers
Goldsmith, P. et al. “Multi-feed Systems for the Arecibo Gregorian”, ASP, 1995
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Transmitter – 430 MHz
2 x klystrons for 2MW of pulsed powerAeronomy: Incoherent Ionosphere scattering
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
430MHz Radar - Ionosphere
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Moonhttp://www.naic.edu
Venushttp://www.naic.edu
SaturnRings
http://www.naic.edu
Transmitter – S-band 2380MHz
2 x klystrons for 1MW CW power
Ganesan, R. “Telescope Electronics”, May 2006
Asteroidshttp://www.naic.edu
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
2380MHz Planetary Radar
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Backends at the Arecibo Observatory
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Spectrometers• Interim Correlator• WAPP• Galspect• Mock Spectrometer
Continuum Observations• VLBA Mark4 & Mark5B• Radar Interface (continuum)
Interim Correlator
50MHz BW – ASIC Correlator ChipJon Hagen (NAIC), John Canaris (U. New Mexico / NASA SERC - Space Engineering Research Center)
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Wideband Arecibo Pulsar Processors (WAPP)
• 4 WAPPs• 1 WAPP = 2 IF Channels
2 Correlators1 Multiplexer
• 50/100 MHz BW• auto / crosscorrelations• Step attenuators• Technical issues:
Difficult to troubleshootObsolete parts
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Wideband Arecibo Pulsar Processors (WAPP)
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
WAPPs Corralators (~1995)
High Performance CMOS Correlator Chip (ASIC)
• 16 Chips per board • Autocorrelation / Crosscorrelation
• 1024 Lags / chip• 100MSPS each• “Low Power”• TTL compatible
http://www.naic.edu/~astro/general_info/correlator/cmos.html
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
GALFA Spec, / GALSPECT (~2004)
• Backend built by UCB for theArecibo L-band Feed Array (ALFA) multibeam receiver • 7 beams, dual polarization• Outputs*:
Narrrowband: 8192channels, 7MHz BW
Wideband: 512 channels,100MHz BW
* http://seti.ssl.berkeley.edu/galfa/
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Mock Spect. / PDEV (~2007)
Digital BoardDigitizers
Designed and developed by Jeff Mock• 8 x AD9430, 12bits ADCs• 2 x Xilinx Virtex II Pro FPGA• 2 QDR Mem, 2M x 36• 1x PowerPC Processor• Flash & SRAM mems• 2 x 1GbE, 2 x RS232• 5 x SMA (clk, PPS, etc)• LCD 128x64 pixels
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
PDEV – Digitizers / Programming
Digitizers:• 2 Digitizers / PDEV • 4 x AD9430 / Digitizer• ADC 12bits, 170MSPS
Programming:• Linux kernel v2.6.15• VHDL/Verilog (FPGAs)• C/C++, Perl (client/server)
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
PDEV – Architecture
ADCADCADCADC GX2VP70
PPC440GX
GX2VP70
QDR2Mx36
QDR2Mx36
2 x GbE
2 x RS232
4 x SMA
Flash /SRAM
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
ADCADCADCADC
PCIe x8MGT
PCIe x8MGT
PDEV – Mock Spectrometer
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
PFB
/FFT
16-
8k
ADC0
ADC0
ADC0
ADC0
GA
IN/O
FFS
ET
SW
ITC
H
TEST SIGNAL
12
12
12
12 DD
C (D
DS
, LP
F)
STO
KE
S
AC
CU
MU
LATO
R
PAC
KE
TIZE
CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
PR
OC
. IN
T.
CW, Noise,CW + Noise
EALFA / PALFA Backend
14 PDEVs*
7 for 7 ALFA pixels (primary)7 for 7 ALFA pixels (commensal)
14 File servers (4TB)We own in total 24 PDEVs
DDC (DDS, Mixer, DLPF)PFB (up to 8192 channels)Stokes parametersAccumulation, Packing* http://www.naic.edu/~phil/talks/vc09/tel_Perf_datatking_09.ppt
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Other PDEV Projects
Aeronomy:• Tamara Hall (consultant)
S-Band Radar (Planetary Datataking):• Doppler correction, DDC
Single pixel baseband sampling (Phil Perillat)
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Our Experience with Tools
• Summer 2009 we received: ADC2x1000-8 &iBOB, Dan Werthimer• Summer 2009, Andrew Siemion, tricks!• Summer 2010, Jayanth Chennamangalam, WVU. Histogrammer, 10GbE.
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
VLBA Mark IV & Mark5A
VLBI – Very Large Baseline Interferometry
Data Recorders
•Mark IV Data Acquisition Terminal (AO, 90s)• Mark5A Recorder
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Radar Interface (80s & 90s)
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
• Triggered by external signals •4xADC, 12bits, 10MHz• 24x8k FIFO• Computer control via 5MHz serial lines• Bit selection
Future Backends
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
• 2 x (rDBE & Mark5C) / 305m & 12m antennas
• Arecibo GUPPI
• ROACH Based Radar Interface
RDBE - Haystack/NRAO (2010)
ROACH Digital Backend• Polyphase-Filter-Bank (PFB)• Emulate several VLBA BBCs on a ROACH board (VDBE)
CASPER 2010 TalksRuss McWhirter, Haystack, Haystack/NRAO
Digital Backend on the ROACH PlatformKeith Morris, NRAO, RDBE Implementation for
VLBAWed, Aug 18, 2010
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Phase Reference Antenna
Patriot Antenna Systems - 12m Aperture S/X receivers for geodesy : 2.25GHz (S-band), 8.5GHz (X-band); wideband VLBI2010 Rx in the future
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
RDBE Connected to the Telescopes
IF/LO IF/LO
rDBE
Mark5C
rDBE
Mark5C
Hydrogen Maser
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
Arecibo GUPPI
GUPPI: Green Bank Ultimate Pulsar Processing Instrument• Coherent de-dispersion mode
CASPER 2010 Talk, Paul Demorest, Pulsar Science with GUPPI, Thu, Aug 19, 2010, 9:30a.m.
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
ROACH Based Radar Interface
CASPER 2010 WorkshopAugust 17, 2010
• Baseband Converter, I/Q with Doppler Correction, 2.5hours
• 25MHz (50MHz) maximum continuous bandwidth for two IF channels (polA/polB)
• DDS/Clock drifting • Programmable digital filters• Bit selection, max 8bits (12bits)
ADC2x1000-8, v1.1, 8bit, 2x1GspsROACH I, Virtex 5
Questions?