Post on 27-Jan-2015
description
PRESENCE & PARTICIPATIONIN THE TRANSFORMATION OF INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURES
Lorenzo Davoli
DESIGNERS ATTENTION IS SHIFTING
from: New product and services
To:Infrastructures and their foundations
Societal needs are changing
Infrastructures need to serve
new functions
New Design competencies, tools and
processes
1 - PROLOGUE: Example of IoT infrastructure development
2 - TRANSFORMING INFRASTRUCTURE Enabling user led innovation and participation
3 - TRAJECTORYSketch of a possible methodology and process
4 - HACKING DELIVERY SERVICES Ongoing work on logistic infrastructure
1 - PROLOGUE:
PROCESS
User Centered approach
Different interaction styles prototyped and tested and evaluated with users
Low Fi - Hi fi prototypes testing to what extent people could create functionalities with these interfaces.
Results: people able to use the interface but unable to make sense of and with it
Agent “based” interface test - physical mockup
Satin example of traditional top down infrastructure: Technological driven, efficiency and usability
Influence on the Design Space: The underlying infrastructures that generate it
Context provide meaningfulness: Existing diverse, local,specific practices and needs
New work practices from concrete to abstract to inform design of inf.
RADICAL INNOVATIONS REQUIRE NEW FOUNDATIONS:
TRANSFORMING INFRASTRUCTURES
Infrastructures are socio-technical fabric of societies, they
co-evolve together: from modern states to global markets
Post industrial society developing new contextual sensitivity and local flexibility needs.
New interactivity, change in location/activity relations,
increased awareness and consumers power.
Prevalent top down design approaches and standardization criteria unable to meet these needs
Industrial systems Inherently slow to change
INFRASTRUCTURES:
ALTERNATIVE FORM OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION ARE EMERGING:
Sustainable & Collaborative Services
Small scale & distributed
Flexible manufacturing techniques / information technology as enablers
Fulfill needs industrial system are not able to satisfy
Foundations for a more responsive and resilient infrastructure
Pictures:Hiriko Car, source: www.hiriko.com / Very Good & Proper, source: Domus Web “Generazione D2C” / Azienda Agricola Lago Scuro source: www.cascinalagoscuro.it / Smart Citizens Barcelona, source: www.smartcitizen.me /
Distributedsystems
FROM:
DESIGN ALTERNATIVE PRODUCT AND SERVICES
TO:
HOW TO OVERCOME SCALABILITY AND DIFFUSION CONSTRAINTS EXERTED BY THE INDUSTRIAL REGIME
THEY OPERATE WITHIN
STRATEGY: MAKING INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS RECEPTIVE RECEPTIVE/SUPPORTIVE TO BOTTOM UP INNOVATION
Top Down
Bottom Up
Engineering Qualities:Closed; Reliable; GeneralizedDesigned for Stability and Control;Slow to Change
Diverse; Distributed Socially Driven; Local; Flexible; Small Scale;Redundant..
What is a design practice that is not top down or bottom up ?
New Feedback loops
TRAJECTORY:
INVISIBILITY OF INFRASTRUCTURES
Naturalization/ Exclusion: G.Bowker & S.L. Star
Commoditization/Mean-end divide: A.Borgmann
Figuration/Configuration: L.Suchman
Transparency / Open Service Innovation: H.Chesborough
Public/Habits: J.Dewey
Black boxing/UnbundlingT.Hughes - B.Latour - D.Haraway
S.Graham & S.Marvin
& more...
IDENTIFYING A TRAJECTORY:FROM LITERATURE
}
Co.Design
Pictures:Green Button Etnography Source: http://blogs.parc.com/Debtoscope project Source http://slightchanges.com
IDENTIFYING A TRAJECTORY :DESIGN DISCIPLINE - FIELD
System Design For Sustainability - PSS
Picture Left : Cape Town Sustainable Mobility project; source Ceschin 2012 “The introduction and scaling up of sustainable PSS “
IDENTIFYING A TRAJECTORY :DESIGN DISCIPLINE - FIELD
Pictures:Le Montre Vert, Green watch-CIty Pulse project source http://www.fing.org/?La-Montre-verte-City-pulse-Green&lang=en/MIT SenseablecIty Lab “Trash Track” Project source http://senseable.mit.edu/ /MIT Senseablecity Lab, “Forage Tracking” project source http://senseable.mit.edu//
IDENTIFYING A TRAJECTORY :DESIGN DISCIPLINE - FIELD
Participatory Sensing / Tracing Infrastructures
New infrastructure Informal Infrastructure Formal infrastructure
FormalizationSurface
Re-Configurations
Area of impact
regime / infrastructure
Niche Solutions
Reveal bottom up services to “formalize them”
- SDS/PSS - Co.Design
- SDS-PSS - Co.Design- P.Sensing
- SDS/PSS- P.Sensing
IDENTIFYING A TRAJECTORY :DESIGN DISCIPLINE - FIELD
METHODOLOGICAL GAP: INFRASTRUCTURES AS CO.DESIGN MATERIAL
Standards and protocols driving formal institutions are often inaccessible to users and designers and therefore impossible to re-
adjust according to new needs.
Current method act only on their surface or fringes of existing regimes, limiting the
impact of their final designs.
To open up infrastructures for re-interpretation and design, certain interventions might be necessary
Will people come out with innovative/alternative ways of using infrastructures if given this material?
User led innovation require a transparency
1. 2.
Revealing
3. 4.
Tracing / Probing Staging Examples Analysis
FIG
UR
ATIO
N
CO
NFI
GU
RAT
ION
RE-
CO
NFI
GU
RAT
ION
PARTICIPATIONOPEN INNOVATION
IND. INFR.
EXPERIMENTS
Providesmaterial
to designUsers tools to expand
understanding of context, infrastructure and its interpretations
Co.DesignWorkshop and
prototyping
- LOCAL PSS
- OPEN INNOVATIONTOOLKIT/PLATFORMS
- SHOW ROOM CASES
Reflection and evaluation:
is people supportedusing infrastructure
differently?
METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK:
HACKING DELIVERY SERVICES
DELIVERY SYSTEMS & POSTAL SERVICES
Freight Delivery is a wicked problem: heterogeneity of actors/ needs lack of data
Postal Service as good example of Industrial infrastructure and logistic service
Global efficiency local impacts and generalizations
Designed and operates in the same way in every city
Back end inaccessible from user prospective
1. REVEALING 2. TRACING & PROBING
METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK:LOGISTIC AS AN EXAMPLE
Devices Visualizations atdifferent scales Field + Probes Interviews &
fieldwork practice
FIELD EXPLORATIONS
4 MAILS
4 MAILS
HIGHWAY NODE AIRPORT MAIN NODE
FROM A TO B
by Ruben Van Der Vleuten http://www.rubenvandervleuten.com/
A metasearch engine to share paths and the latent capacity of commercial vehicles?
Engaging explorations
Representation/Visualization are description and not sufficient to prescribe action
Single interpretation of these representations not enough > iterative design process + key stakeholders
Transparency of the formal infrastructure to be re-purposed and re-interpreted
Hacking as co.Design: learning, skill development and empowerment
REFLECTIONS ON THE TWO HACKS
Critical Practice
INTERVIEWS AND FIELD WITH LOCAL DELIVERY SERVICES
Follow delivery trucks and monitor theirtheir loads during the day
Interviews manager drivers employees of local branches of large delivery companies
Observing protocols and technology in use
EXAMPLE: EXPLORING P2P DELIVERIES
LOGISTIC FOR FLODA31
LOGISTIC FOR FLODA31
Small architecture firm
Small scale production
A lot of building activities on site
Current systems unable to serve their supply needs
GPS + GSM
Backup GPS tracker
2200 mAhBattery 6000 mAh
Battery Tilt TriggeredCamera
SMS GATEWAY
DELIVERY BOX
SERVER
UI
Send dataVia GSM Network Real Time
Location
User probes delivered / Infrastructure probe Shipped
RESULTS SO FAR....
INDUSTRIAL RATIONALITY?
INFRASTRUCTURES NATURALLY TEND TO EXLUDE ...
Closest node 40Km
PRESENCE & PARTICIPATIONIN THE TRANSFORMATION OF INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURES
Lorenzo Davoli