Post on 27-Dec-2015
Preliminary Design ReviewSolar Thermal Water Heating System
Preliminary Design ReviewSolar Thermal Water Heating System
Team #5San Diego, California
Team #5San Diego, California
Ashley TylerTyler Borden
Michael CheneyMatthew MurrayHeather HussainAllison Schneider
Ashley TylerTyler Borden
Michael CheneyMatthew MurrayHeather HussainAllison Schneider
Agenda
• Introduction• Floor Plan Layout
• House Elevation Drawings
• Foundation Analysis• Roof Truss Analysis• Hydronic Subsystem Analysis• Heat Transfer Analysis
• Building Thermal System Analysis• Flat Plat Collector Analysis
• F-Chart Analysis
Floor Plan Layout• Objectives
• Support the FPC solar thermal heating system• Include the required living spaces.
Foundation Analysis
• Main concerns• Secure for house structure including in times of natural
disaster – Seismic zone 4
• Basement has both livable and storage qualities• Foundation protects from the intrusion of environment,
pests and soil• Plastic wrap around total foundation
• Retains heat • Styrofoam insulation
Foundation Analysis
• Other concerns• Load bearing wall about 15’ from East or West wall to line
up with other structures.
• Footings• Should have a width of 15” and a thickness of 6”• At least 12” below surface
Foundation Analysis
• Solution #1- Masonry Foundation• Cinderblock build
• 8 in blocks
• ≈ $2100 for blocks to create a maximum of a 8’8” ceiling
• Rebar reinforcements (#4 to #5) every 48” with extra around openings
Foundation Analysis
• Solution #2- Masonry Foundation• Cinderblock build
• 10 in blocks• • ≈ $2700 for blocks to create a maximum of a 8’8”
ceiling• Rebar reinforcements (#4 to #5) every 56” with extra
around openings
Foundation Analysis
• Solution #3- Poured Foundation• ≈ $10000 for enough concrete to pour to a maximum of
9’ ceilings
• Rebar reinforcements (#5 to #6) approximately every 48” on north side with extra around openings
Roof Structure
• Objectives• Support the weight of the roof and FPCs• Total weight of roof ~ 6 tons (7lbs/ft2)
• Total weight of FPCs ~ 600lbs• Protect the house from the environment
Roof Truss Analysis
• 3-Tab Shingles• Light weight• 20-30 yrs
• Architectural Shingles*• Heavy duty• 30-50 yrs
* Used for preliminary analysis
Hydronic Subsystem Analysis
• 28 gpm for 7 FPCs.• Preliminary piping layout:
• Pump and heat exchanger located in the basement.
• ASTM B88 2.5” Type L Copper Pipe• Head ~ 275ft
Building Thermal System AnalysisObjective
• Prevent heat transfer through the exterior walls of the home by decreasing the overall heat transfer coefficient, U-Value
• Maximize the R-Values by varying the materials and thicknesses of wall components
W
K
hk
x
k
x
kx
kx
k
x
hR
outsidesiding
siding
plywood
plywood
stud
stud
insulation
insulation
gypsum
gypsum
insideValue
2m
111
11
K
W
RRU
StudsAtStudsBetweenValue 2
m
10.15
185.0
Building Thermal System Analysis
• Design Constraints• Siding of the house is Vinyl• Roofing of the house is Asphalt
• Assumptions• Took average thermal conductivity when density varied within
a material• Convert metric units to SI units at termination of calculations• 16” studs on Center • Sources of heat loss are not accounted for in the analysis• Ceiling thermal analysis is independent of structural side• Analyze interior to exterior heat transfer only
Building Thermal System AnalysisExterior Walls
ComponentHeat Transfer
MethodMaterial
Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK)
inches millimeters Between Studs
At Studs
Inside Film Conduction Inside Film 0.12 0.12
Wallboard Conduction Gypsum Board
0.625 15.875 0.16 0.09921875 0.09921875
R-Value
(m2K/W)Thickness
InsulationLoose Fill Conduction
Celluslosic (milled paper or wood pulp)
5.5 139.7
0.039
3.34324786 -
0.045
Stud ConductionSpruce or
Eastern White Pine
5.5 139.7 0.09 - 1.55222222
Plywood Conduction Plywood 0.625 15.875 0.15 0.15
Siding Conduction Foil Backed 0.035 0.889 0.52 0.52
Outside Film Convection Outside Film 0.03 0.03
Total Thickness (in)
Total Thickness (m) R-Value
(m2K/W)R-Value (m2K/W)
6.785 172.339 4.26246661 2.47144097
U-Value (W/m2K)
U-Value (W/m2K)
0.23460594 0.40462225
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.26010839 0.04580779
Building Thermal System AnalysisExterior Walls
ComponentHeat Transfer
MethodMaterial
Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK)
inches millimeters Between Studs
At Studs
Inside Film Conduction Inside Film 0.12 0.12
Wallboard Conduction Gypsum Board
0.625 15.875 0.16 0.09921875 0.09921875
R-Value
(m2K/W)Thickness
Stud ConductionSpruce or Eastern
White Pine5.5 139.7 0.09 - 1.55222222
Plywood Conduction Plywood 0.625 15.875 0.15 0.15
Siding Conduction Foil Backed 0.035 0.889 0.52 0.52
Outside Film Convection Outside Film 0.03 0.03
Total Thickness (in)
Total Thickness (m)
R-Value
(m2K/W)
R-Value
(m2K/W)
6.785 172.339 4.41171875 2.47144097
U-Value
(W/m2K)
U-Value
(W/m2K)
0.22666903 0.40462225
5.5 139.7 3.4925 -0.04ConductionGlass Fiber
Batts
InsulationBlanket and
Batt
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.25336201 0.04461968
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.26010839 0.04580779
Loose Fill (previous)
Blanket and Batt
Building Thermal System AnalysisExterior Walls
ComponentHeat Transfer
MethodMaterial
Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK)
inches millimeters Between Studs
At Studs
Inside Film Conduction Inside Film 0.12 0.12
Wallboard Conduction Gypsum Board
0.625 15.875 0.16 0.09921875 0.09921875
R-Value
(m2K/W)Thickness
InsulationSpray Applied Conduction Glass Fiber 5.5 139.7
0.038
3.62918354 -
0.039
Stud ConductionSpruce or
Eastern White Pine
5.5 139.7 0.09 - 1.55222222
Plywood Conduction Plywood 0.625 15.875 0.15 0.15
Siding Conduction Foil Backed 0.035 0.889 0.52 0.52
Outside Film Convection Outside Film 0.03 0.03
Total Thickness (in)
Total Thickness (m) R-Value
(m2K/W)R-Value (m2K/W)
6.785 172.339 4.54840229 2.47144097
U-Value (W/m2K)
U-Value (W/m2K)
0.21985742 0.40462225
Total U-Value
(W/m2K)
Total U-Value
(BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.24757215 0.04360003
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.25336201 0.04461968
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.26010839 0.04580779
Loose Fill
Blanket and Batt
Spray Applied
Building Thermal System AnalysisExterior Walls
ComponentHeat Transfer
MethodMaterial
Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK)
inches millimeters Between Studs
At Studs
Inside Film Conduction Inside Film 0.12 0.12
Wallboard Conduction Gypsum Board
0.625 15.875 0.16 0.09921875 0.09921875
R-Value
(m2K/W)Thickness
Stud ConductionSpruce or Eastern
White Pine5.5 139.7 0.09 - 1.55222222
Plywood Conduction Plywood 0.625 15.875 0.15 0.15
Siding Conduction Foil Backed 0.035 0.889 0.52 0.52
Outside Film Convection Outside Film 0.03 0.03
Total Thickness (in)
Total Thickness (m)
R-Value
(m2K/W)
R-Value
(m2K/W)
3.285 83.439 3.59290296 2.47144097
U-Value
(W/m2K)
U-Value
(W/m2K)
0.27832647 0.40462225
50.8 2.67368421 -0.019InsulationBoard and
SlabConduction
Polyiso-cyanurate
2
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.29727084 0.05235248
Total U-Value
(W/m2K)
Total U-Value
(BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.24757215 0.04360003
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.25336201 0.04461968
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.26010839 0.04580779
Loose Fill
Blanket and Batt
Spray Applied
Board and Slab
Building Thermal System AnalysisCeiling Walls
Component Heat Transfer Method Material Thickness
Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK)
R-Value (m2K/W)
inches millimeters Between Studs At Studs
Inside Film Conduction Inside Film 0.12 0.12
InsulationBoard and Slab Conduction Polyiso-
cyanurate 5.5 139.7 0.019 7.35263158 -
Stud ConductionSpruce or
Eastern White Pine
5.5 139.7 0.09 - 1.55222222
Plywood Conduction Plywood 0.625 15.875 0.15 0.15
Roofing Conduction Asphalt 0.035 0.889 0.078 0.078
Outside Film Convection Outside Film 0.03 0.03
R-Value (m2K/W)
R-Value (m2K/W)
7.73063158 1.93022222
U-Value (W/m2K)
U-Value (W/m2K)
0.12935554 0.51807506
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.18766347 0.03304949
Building Thermal System AnalysisBasement Walls
Component Heat Transfer Method Material Type Thickness R-Value
(m2K/W)U-Value (W/m2K)
inches millimeters
Exterior WallConcrete Blocks Conduction Low-Mass
Aggregate
perlite-filled cores 8 203.2 0.985 1.01522843
vermiculite-filled cores 8 203.2 0.81 1.2345679
molder-EPS-filled (beads)
cores8 203.2 0.85 1.17647059
Exterior WallPoured
Concrete Conduction Concrete
Sand and Gravel or stone
aggregate8 203.2 2.15 0.46511628
• Foundations Engineer Provided two wall designs• Cinderblocks• Poured Concert – higher resistance to heat transfer
Building Thermal System AnalysisBasement Walls
Above Ground
Component Heat Transfer Method Material Thickness
Thermal Conductivity
(W/mK)
R-Value (m2K/W)
inches millimeters
Inside Film Conduction Inside Film 0.12
Wallboard Conduction Gypsum Board 0.625 15.875 0.16 0.09921875
Exterior WallConcrete Blocks Conduction
Poured ConcreteSand and
Gravel or stone aggregate
8 203.2 2.15
Plywood Conduction Plywood 0.625 15.875 0.15
Siding Conduction Foil Backed 0.035 0.889 0.52
Outside Film Convection Outside Film 0.03
Total R-Value (m2K/W)
3.06921875
Total U-Value (W/m2K)
Total U-Value (BTU/hr ft2 °F)
0.32581581 0.05737955
Building Thermal System AnalysisCalculation of UA Value
Concrete PouredConcrete Poured
AppliedSpray ShinglesAsphalt
BelowBelowAboveAbove
ExteriorExteriorRoofRoofTotal
UAUA
UAUAUA
Fhr
BTUUA Total 466.8625
°F fthr
BTU 0.4652540
°F fthr
BTU0.0574730
°F fthr
BTU 0.04362660
°F fthr
BTU 0.03301750
22
22
22
22
ftft
ftftUA Total
Solar Thermal System AnalysisFlat Plate Collector
• Average ambient temperature -70.5 degrees Fahrenheit• Daily water usage - 80 gallons
• Tank temperature - 120 degrees Fahrenheit• Slope of panel - 32 degrees• 1 Glazing coat - Low Iron Tempered Glass• Test fluid -Water• Absorber material - Copper• Fuel type - Electric
Solar Thermal System AnalysisDomestic Hot Water System Only
EC-24• Best overall - EC-32 with 3 panels
•Highest Life Cycle Savings•Approx $5,000
•Total Solar fraction• .983
•Total weight•343 lbs
•Total cost of panels• $2609.91
Solar Thermal System AnalysisHeating & Water System
EC-24 Best overall – EC-32 with 6 panels•Highest Life Cycle Savings
•Approx $7,500•Total Solar Fraction
•.966•Total weight
•686 lbs•Total cost of panels
• $5,219.82