Point and Crossing

Made By :– Akash patel(131040106018)

Guided By:Prof. sadanand sadhu

GUJARAT POWER ENGINEERING & RESEARCH

INSTITUTE

Points and Crossing

Points and crossings are provided to transfer trains from one track to another: POINT (SWITCH): The device that is use to divert the wheels CROSSING: Gaps in the rail that enables the actual diversion TURNOUT: Complete set of points and crossing including the main (lead) rail: 1) LEFT HAND TURNOUT 2) RIGHT HAND TURNOUT

A Railway Turnout

Turn Out:

• Turnout: Turnout is the simplest combination of point and crossing by operation of which train is diverted to another track.

• A Turnout may be two type: 1. A right hand turnout 2. A left hand turnout

Right Hand Turnout:

If a train is diverted from main track is diverted to the right of the main route in the facing direction, then the diversion is known as RIGHT HAND TURNOUT.

Left Hand Turnout:

If a train is diverted from main track is diverted to the left of the main route in the facing direction, then the diversion is known as LEFT HAND TURNOUT.

Right hand turnout with full components

Point(Switches):-

• Stock rail: It is the running rail against which a tongue rail operates.

• Tongue rail: It is a tapered movable rail, made of high carbon or manganese steel to withstand wear. At this end, it is attached to a running rail. A tongue rail is also called a switch rail.

• Heel Block: These blocks are inserted between the heel of the tongue rail and stock rail. These are made of C.I. and are used to provide a clear gap for the wheel flange.

• Switch tie plate: This is provided below the slide chairs at the toe. There are two butt straps at the ends to ensure the definite location of slide chair and hence of the rails. Standard sections are 25×1.25 cm for BG and 22.5×0.9 cm for MG.

• Stretcher bar: The toes of both the tongue rails are connected together by means of stretcher bars, so that each tongue moves through the same distance or gap while changing the points. Generally two or three bars are used near the toe.

How Switches Work:

Types Of Switches:

• There are two types of switches: 1. Stub switch 2. Split switch• Split switch are of two types: a. Loose heel type b. Fixed heel type

Stub Switch

Split Switch

CROSSINGS:• A Crossing is a device which provide two

flangeways through which the wheels of the flanges may move, when two rails intersect each other at an angle.

• Types of crossings: Based on shape of crossing: 1. Actual angle crossing2. obtuse angle crossing3. Right angle crossing

Based on assembly of crossing:1. Spring crossing2. Cross crossing3. Diamond crossing4. Scissors crossing5. Ladder track or

gathering line

Actual angle crossing

Obtuse angle crossing

Right angle crossing

Spring crossing

cross over

Diamond crossing

Scissors crossing