Post on 15-Jan-2016
PNEUMONIABy: Larissa and Kyla
What is Pneumonia? • Inflammation of the lung; an infectious disease
- caused by bacteria or a virus
Pneumonia can target:
• an area of a lung
• The bronchioles and pulmonary alveoli
• It can be prevented with simple interventions and treated with low-cost, low-tech medications and care
Statistics• Threatens children, the elderly, and chronically ill of any respiratory condition and
people suffering from a viral infection are at a higher risk of contracting pneumonia
- 200,000 to 300,000 Canadians develop pneumonia each year
- more than 900,000 children worldwide in 2013 dies from pneumonia
- the mortality rate is high as 30% in Canada
- mortality rate worldwide: 15% under 5 worldwide and 2% newborns
- children in poor and rural communities are most affected
Causes of pneumonia• When germs reach the lungs, the alveoli become
inflamed and fill up with fluid
• Caused by 30 different factors:• Bacteria• Viruses• Infections (e.g Fungi)
• There are 3 forms of pneumonia: • Bacterial• Viral• Mycoplasmas
Bacterial Pneumonia• It can affect all people of all ages.
• The most vulnerable are alcoholics, weakened individuals, people after operation, and people with respiratory diseases and viral infections.
• Types of bacterial pneumonia:• Streptococcus pneumonia, Pneumococcus Bacterium
• The bacteria multiplies and invades the lungs and causes the alveoli to become inflamed. • Liquids begins to build up in the tissues of the lobe section. The infection
then spreads through the body by the bloodstream
Symptoms of Bacterial Pneumonia • Fever, chills, chattering teeth
• Body’s temp. may rise to 40.5 C
• Acute chest pains and coughing that produces greenish/ rust mucus
• Sweating, accelerated respiration and pulse
• Lips and nail beds may turn to a bluish color due to the lack of oxygen
• Confusion or even delirium
Viral Pneumonia • Half of all pneumonia cases are due to viruses
• Viral pneumonia caused by the influenza virus• There are no physical signs of lung tissues filled with fluid.
• Cause respiratory infections that mainly affect the upper respiratory tract
• Victims of this form of pneumonia are mostly pregnant woman or individuals with cardiovascular conditions and diseases
• Symptoms:• Fever, dry coughs, headaches• Muscle pains and weakness
Mycoplasma Pneumonia• Also known as “Primary Stypical Pneumonia”
• Caused by mircoorganisms that are smaller than the bacteria and viruses discovered and identified in WW2
• This mild and widespread form of pneumonia occurs in older children and adolescents
• Symptoms:• Severe cough attacks• Chills and fever that could lead to nausea and vomiting• Reduced heart rate
Technologies/ methods to diagnose • Patient’s medical history
• Chest X-Ray
• Blood test
• Physical examination
Treatments available • Non- Medical• It can be treated at home with remedies• Pleurisy Root • Garlic • Altering your diet
Medical• Antibiotics (treated for bacterial)• Medicines that ease chest pain and relieve violent
coughing• Antiviral drugs to treat viral pneumonia• Types of antibiotics:
• Penicillin and macrolide
o Side effects of treatments:
o Can have an allergic reactions from antibiotics
o Infection, stomach problems, and/or vaginal infections
Treatments available (Continued)
o Person does not have to go to hospital unless :o Older than 65o Health problemso Chest paino Not able to eat or keep food down,
so you need to take fluidso Infants younger than 2 months
Outcome after treatment
o Yes, it can be cured. It is an infection that can be treated with antibiotics and medications.
o In most cases, it can be treated at home
Is pneumonia curable?
o Person recovering from mycoplasma pneumonia may be weak for a period of timeo For middle-aged people, may be weeks before they regain their usual strength o Viral Pneumonia improves in 1-3 weeks
Lifestyle Changes • Stop smoking. it is also known as a lung irritant. It will be difficult to get
oxygen in system
• Limit alcohol intake. It can lower you immune resistance and it will be difficult to recover.
• Take daily dose of prescriptions. If stopped early, lungs may continue to harbor bacteria and causes pneumonia to reoccur
Risk Factors • Cigarette smoking
• Infection
• Difficulty swallowing
• Chronic lung disease such as Cystic Fibrosis
• Other serious illness such as heart disease and diabetes
• Recent surgery/ Trauma
• Weak immune system
Sleeping in Dentures doubles the Risk of Pneumonia in Elderly • Poor oral health and hygiene are recognized as a major risk
factors for pneumonia among the elderly
• 524 seniors were randomly selected. Amon the 453 denture wearers, 186 who wore dentures were at a higher risk of pneumonia
• Wearing dentures at night leads to swallowing difficulties and a higher risk of the incidence of pneumonia which was comparable to cognitive impairment, history of stroke and respiratory disease
• They were also likely to have tongue and denture plague and gum inflammation
Refrences• 11 Home Remedies for Pneumonia - www.naturalalternativeremedy.com Managed
WordPress Site. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.naturalalternativeremedy.com/11-home-remedies-for-pneumonia/
• Lifestyle Changes to Manage Pneumonia | Lifescript.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/heart_health/articles/lifestyle_changes_to_manage_pneumonia.aspx
• Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment - American Lung Association. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.lung.org/lung-disease/pneumonia/symptoms-diagnosis-and.html
• Understanding Pneumonia - American Lung Association. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.lung.org/lung-disease/pneumonia/understanding-pneumonia.html
• WebMD - Better information. Better health. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/default.htm