Physical Science8/16/10Catalyst:

1. What is our class’ Big Goal?2. Why do you think this is a good goal

for us as a class?Today’s objective: SWBAT explain

energy is transferred or transformed in various scenarios.

What is Energy?

• Energy makes change; it does things for us. It moves cars along the road and boats over the water. It bakes a cake in the oven and keeps ice frozen in the freezer. It play our favorite songs on the radio and lights up our homes. Energy makes our bodies grow and allows our minds to think.

• Scientists define energy as the ability to do work.

Forms of Energy

• Energy is found in different forms, such as light, heat, sound, and motion. There are many forms of energy, but they can all be put into two categories:– Kinetic Energy– Potential Energy

Kinetic Energy

• Kinetic energy is motion; it is the motion of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules, substances, and objects.– Electrical Energy is the movement of electrons.

Electrons moving through a wire is called circuit electricity. Lightning is another example.

Radiant Energy

-Radiant Energy (Radiation) is electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves. This includes visible light, x-rays, gamma rays, and radio waves. Light is one type of radiant energy. Solar energy is another.

-ElectromagneticSpectrum

Kinetic Energy• More types:

– Thermal Energy, or heat, is the internal energy in substances; it is the vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances.

– Sound is the movement of energy through substances in waves. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate.

Kinetic Energy

• Motion or Mechanical Energy is the movement of objects or substances from one place to another. Wind is an example of motion energy.

Potential Energy

• Potential Energy is stored energy and the energy of position, or gravitational energy. There are several forms:– Chemical Energy is energy

stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. Petroleum, propane, and natural gas and examples of stored chemical energy. Also, human digestion uses chemical energy.

Potential Energy

Stored Mechanical Energy is energy stored in objects by the application of force. Compressed springs or stretched rubber bands are examples.

Potential Energy• More forms:

– Nuclear Energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; it is the energy that holds the nucleus together. The energy can be released when the nuclei are combined or split apart. Nuclear power plants split the nuclei of uranium atoms is a process called fission.

Potential Energy

• More forms:• Gravitational Energy is the energy of a position or

place. A rock resting at the top of a hill contains gravitational potential energy.

Graffiti Posters

• With your partner, use the markers and paper given to you to draw examples for each type of energy. Be sure to write the energy types as well, and include all the words on this list:Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Thermal Energy Nuclear Energy Mechanical Energy Chemical Energy Motion Energy Sound Energy Radiant Energy Electrical Energy

CatalystAugust 17, 2010

• What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy? Give two examples of types of energy in each category.

• Today’s Objective:– SWBAT apply knowledge of energy transfer and

transformation.

THURSDAY 09/22/11

Do Now

• Can one type of energy become another type of energy? Explain your answer

• Homework: – energy transformation worksheet– Study for Quiz 1 Monday on the 7 forms of enery,

identifying energy in diagrams, – Make sure you have your binder, dividers, lined

paper, and your marble notebook Monday!

Energy Transfer / Transformation

• Objective 1: SWBAT identify multiple (real life) situations in which energy is used

• Objective 2: SWBAT compare two different situations and explain how energy is being transformed

Energy Transfer• Energy Transfer:

Energy can be transferred from one location to another, as in the sun's energy travels through space to Earth. The two ways that energy can be transferred are by doing work and heat transfer.

Energy Transfer

• Energy transfer is the transfer of energy from place to place. It does not change form, it just moves.– Ex: Heat can be transferred from hot water to cold water

just by connecting the two with a piece of wire.

Energy Transformation

• Energy transformation is the process of changing energy from one form to another.

• This process is happening all the time, both in the world and within people. – When people consume food, the body utilizes the

chemical energy in the bonds of the food and transforms it into mechanical energy, a new form of chemical energy, or thermal energy.

Energy Transformation

• Energy transformation is an important concept in the application of the physical sciences. – The ability for energy to be transformed

automates, lights, entertains, and warms the world in an astounding multitude of ways.

Energy Transformation

• The concept of energy transformation can be illustrated in a number of common activities. – An engine, such as the engine in a car, converts

the chemical energy of gas and oxygen into the mechanical energy of engine movement.

– A light bulb changes the chemical energy of the bulb into electromagnetic radiation, or light.

Energy Transformation

– Windmills harness the energy of the wind and convert it into mechanical energy in the movement of the turbine blades, which is then converted to electrical energy.

– Solar panels transform light to electricity.

Examples

• Gasoline is put into a car so that it can drive.

• The boy ate an orange and then rode his bike.

• The chicken was cooked over a fire.

Do Now

• What do you remember about energy transfer and energy transformation?

• Homework:– Energy transformation reading and questions

Gallery Walk

• With your group, go to your first poster that I assign you to, then switch when I tell you.

• You will answer the question that the poster asks- work together as a group!– Energy Transformation– Energy Transfer– Difference between Energy Transfer and

Transformation (at your desks)

• Write your answers in your notes.

Practice

• Which energy transformation below describes the conversion involved when the carbon compounds in wood are burned?

A. Chemical energy is converted to thermal energy.B. Thermal energy is converted to chemical energy.C. Potential energy is converted into chemical energy.D. Chemical energy is converted into potential energy.

Exit Slip

• Describe what is happening in terms of energy transfer or energy transformation and specifically what types of energy are involved.– The sun hits a solar panel that provides energy to

a nearby building. – The fire cooked the soup that was placed over it.