ARTHROPODA

Gk. “arthros”– joint + “podos”– footGk. “arthros”– joint + “podos”– foot

VARIETY

Hermit Crab

Fairy Shrimp

Centipede

Horseshoe

Crab

Size

Color

Shape

Method of Movement

Jointed Legs

Exoskeleton

Segmented Body

Distinct Head

Compound Eyes (most cases)

• Common throughout marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and even aerial environments

• Common throughout marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and even aerial environments

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

Characteristics of Arthropods Segmented Jointed appendages Hard external skeleton 3 parts-head, thorax, abdomen

(arachnids exception) Exoskeleton-hard, external skeleton

made of chitin Molting- shed old exoskeleton and

secrete a larger one, very vulnerable after molting

• Complete digestive tract (mandible-chewing

or proboscis- sucking) with a dorsal heart and a ventral nervous system

• Respiration through gills, trachea, book lungs or body surface

• Sensory organs include antennae and hairs, simple and compound eye

• Reproduces (mostly sexually), one to several larval stage

• Complete digestive tract (mandible-chewing

or proboscis- sucking) with a dorsal heart and a ventral nervous system

• Respiration through gills, trachea, book lungs or body surface

• Sensory organs include antennae and hairs, simple and compound eye

• Reproduces (mostly sexually), one to several larval stage

• The muscle system is more or less assisted by hydraulics originated from the blood pressure created by the heart

• Respiration through gills, trachea, book lungs or body surface

• With open circulatory system. Haemolymph that contains haemocyanin, a copper-based oxygen-carrying protein

• The muscle system is more or less assisted by hydraulics originated from the blood pressure created by the heart

• Respiration through gills, trachea, book lungs or body surface

• With open circulatory system. Haemolymph that contains haemocyanin, a copper-based oxygen-carrying protein

Body parts

Ganglia-clusters of nerve cells along a nerve cord

Compound eyes-may facets each with their own lenses, some have single lenses and some have both

Spiracles-holes in the exoskeleton that allow gas exchange (book lungs in arachnids)

Trachea-chitin lined tubes in spiracles

Four SUBPHYLA of Arthropods Trilobita – thought to be the oldest

arthropods Chelicerata – two part body and

mouthparts called chelicerae Crustacea – hard exoskeleton, two

pairs of antennae, mouthparts called mandibles

Uniramia – contains more species than all other groups of animals alive today

SUBPHYLUM - Trilobites

• CLASS TRILOBITA – Trilobites

SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA

• CLASS ARACHNIDA – Spiders, Scorpions, Ticks

• CLASS MEROSTOMATA – Horseshoe crabs

• CLASS PYCNOGONIDA – Sea spiders

SUBPHYLUM - Trilobites

• CLASS TRILOBITA – Trilobites

SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA

• CLASS ARACHNIDA – Spiders, Scorpions, Ticks

• CLASS MEROSTOMATA – Horseshoe crabs

• CLASS PYCNOGONIDA – Sea spiders

REPRESENTATIVE ORGANISMS: REPRESENTATIVE ORGANISMS:

SUBPHYLUM UNIRAMIA

• CLASS CHILOPODA – Centipedes

• CLASS DIPLOPODA - Millipedes

• CLASS INSECTA – Insects

• Class Branchiopoda – Brine shrimp

SUBPHYLUM UNIRAMIA

• CLASS CHILOPODA – Centipedes

• CLASS DIPLOPODA - Millipedes

• CLASS INSECTA – Insects

• Class Branchiopoda – Brine shrimp

• CLASS CEPHALOCARIDA – Horseshoe shrimp

• CLASS MAXILLOPODA – Barnacles, andFish lice

• CLASS MALACOSTRATA – Lobsters, Crabs, and Shrimps

• CLASS CEPHALOCARIDA – Horseshoe shrimp

• CLASS MAXILLOPODA – Barnacles, andFish lice

• CLASS MALACOSTRATA – Lobsters, Crabs, and Shrimps

CLASS CRUSTACEA Lobsters, Crabs and Shrimps

CLASS CRUSTACEA Lobsters, Crabs and Shrimps

American lobster

Homanus americanus

American lobster

Homanus americanus

Blue crabCallinectes

sapidus

Blue crabCallinectes

sapidus

CLASS INSECTAAnts, Beetles and Bugs

CLASS INSECTAAnts, Beetles and Bugs

ORDER HYMENOPTERA

Fire antSolenopsis

invicta

ORDER HYMENOPTERA

Fire antSolenopsis

invicta

ORDER ORTHOPTERAMigrating locust

Locusta migratoria

ORDER ORTHOPTERAMigrating locust

Locusta migratoria

ORDER COLEOPTERAWeevil

ORDER COLEOPTERAWeevil

BeetleBeetle

MAJOR PARTS OF AN INSECTMAJOR PARTS OF AN INSECT

Insects that have piercing and sucking mouthparts are called BUGS while BEETLES are insects distinguished as those having forewings modified into hard wing cases that cover and protect the hind wings and abdomen!

Insects that have piercing and sucking mouthparts are called BUGS while BEETLES are insects distinguished as those having forewings modified into hard wing cases that cover and protect the hind wings and abdomen!

CLASS ARACHNIDA Spiders, Ticks and Scorpions

CLASS ARACHNIDA Spiders, Ticks and Scorpions

Wolf spiderLycosa tarentula

Wolf spiderLycosa tarentula

The Goliath Bird-eating tarantula (Theraphosa

blondi) But can grow as much as 1 ft in diameter!

The Goliath Bird-eating tarantula (Theraphosa

blondi) But can grow as much as 1 ft in diameter!

CLASS MEROSTOMATA Horseshoe crabs

CLASS MEROSTOMATA Horseshoe crabs

CLASS CHILOPODA Centipedes

CLASS CHILOPODA Centipedes

Peruvian GiantPeruvian Giant

CLASS DIPLOPODA Millipedes

CLASS DIPLOPODA Millipedes

Harpaphe haydeniana Harpaphe haydeniana

CLASS TRILOBITA Trilobites

CLASS TRILOBITA Trilobites

LIFE CYCLES OF SOME INSECTS

LIFE CYCLES OF SOME INSECTS

LIFE CYCLE OF A DRAGONFLY(CLASS INSECTA ORDER ODONATA)

LIFE CYCLE OF A DRAGONFLY(CLASS INSECTA ORDER ODONATA)

LIFE CYCLE OF A FRUIT FLY

(CLASS INSECTA ORDER DIPTERA)LIFE CYCLE OF A FRUIT FLY

(CLASS INSECTA ORDER DIPTERA)

LIFE CYCLE OF A BUTTERFLY

(CLASS INSECTA ORDER LEPIDOPTERA)LIFE CYCLE OF A BUTTERFLY

(CLASS INSECTA ORDER LEPIDOPTERA)

(Larva) Caterpillar

(Pupa) Chrysalis

LIFE CYCLE OF A GRASSHOPPER

(CLASS INSECTA ORDER ORTHOPTERA)LIFE CYCLE OF A GRASSHOPPER

(CLASS INSECTA ORDER ORTHOPTERA)

MIMICRY AND CAMOUFLAGEMIMICRY AND CAMOUFLAGE

Mimicry - take on the appearance of (another animal or plant) in order to deter predators

Camouflage - the natural coloring or form of an animal which enables it to blend in with its surroundings

Mimicry - take on the appearance of (another animal or plant) in order to deter predators

Camouflage - the natural coloring or form of an animal which enables it to blend in with its surroundings

ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCEECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE

• Serve as food source for both animals and humans

• Aid in the propagation of plant species by means of cross-pollination

• Control the population of some harmful organisms

• Some act as scavengers or saprotrophs

• Serve as food source for both animals and humans

• Aid in the propagation of plant species by means of cross-pollination

• Control the population of some harmful organisms

• Some act as scavengers or saprotrophs