PHYICAL IMPACT TO

THE ELECTRIC

SYSTEM

Vulnerabilities

Transmission Line Facilities

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

10 0%

20 %

10 %

~20 00~19 45 ~ 1955 ~1960 ~19 80 ~19 90

Bui

ldin

g S

eism

ic D

esig

n C

apac

ity

A p proxim at e Year B u ilt

1994

, 3

1988

, 2B

Tod ay IBC

BPA BUIDLINGS

BPA

SUBSTATIONS

China 2008, 220 kV Substation

North Palm Springs

6.2 Mw, 1986

Current Transformer (CT)

Live Tank Power Circuit Breaker

EERI

Schiff

TRANSFORMER

VULNERABILITIES WWW.JSCE.ORG Arrester

Failure

Radiator

Removed

Manifold

Leakage

Schiff Bushing

Porcelain

Failure

Bushing

Slippage

J. Eidinger

Liquefaction: Potential for

Structure/Equipment settlement

NZ

SUBSTATIONS

TSUNAMI, Japan, 2011

TRANSMISSION

TOWERS

J. Eidinger

Landers 7.4 Mw (1992)

Niigata, Japan

7.4 Mw (1964)

Taiwan Earthquake

New Zealand (1968)

7.0 M 66 kV

RIVERCROSSING

EERI

TCLEEE

TCLEEE

Chile, 2010

Chile, 2010

Indonesia 2004

Kit Miyamoto

Tsunami, Japan 2011

TRANSMISSION LINE TOWERS

BPA’s EQ Experiences

Satsop 5.9 Mw (1999)

Bus Riser Failures:

500 kV

Duvall 5.4 Mw (1996)

Nisqually 6.8 Mw (2001)

Bus Riser Failure: 230 kV

Nisqually 6.8 Mw (2001)

Rigid Bus

Duvall

5.4 Mw

1996

Duvall 5.4 Mw 1996

Nisqually 6.8 Mw 2001

Failed 500 kV

Disconnect Switch

Failed Step Arc Suppression

Resisters

Duvall 5.4 Mw 1996

In 1949, power failures occurred in

Seattle when swinging transmission

lines touched, causing circuit breakers

to trip. In Tacoma, the transformer

banks at the Bonneville Power Plant

substation needed to be realigned. In

Chehalis, electric power service was

disrupted for about 2 hours.

In 1965, two Bonneville Power

Administration transmission towers

toppled near Everett. These towers

carried 230,000-volt electrical power

from Chief Joseph Dam to the

Snohomish substation.

http://www.pnsn.org/INFO_GENERAL/NQT/where_damage.html

Transmission Line

Sectionalizing Switch

Nisqually 6.8 Mw (2001)

Olympia 6.5 M (1965)

The End