PHEROGENIC DRAWINGSGENERATING COLORED 2-DIMENSIONAL ABSTRACT

REPRESENTATIONS OF SLEEP EEG WITH THE KANTS ALGORITHM

Carlos M. Fernandes1,2

Antonio M. Mora1

J.J. Merelo1

Agostinho C. Rosa2

1 Department of Computers Architecture and Technology, University of Granada, Spain

2 LaSEEB-ISR-IST, Technical Univ. of Lisbon (IST), Portugal

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a subfield of generative art that uses swarm intelligence systems for creative purposes

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Swarm Art Swarm paintings by Leonel Moura

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an ant-based algorithm for cluster analysis.

KANTS

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Basic concept: stigmergy,

communication via the environment.

Main contribution: the swarm is the set of data samples

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KANTS: Working Mechanism

o Swarm: data sampleso Habitat: grid of cellsoEach cell is a vector with the same cardinality as

the data samples vectors.

o Rule 1: ants move towards regions where environmental (grid) vectors are more similar to the vector they carry.

o Rule 2: update grid vector.o Rule 3: evaporation.

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KANTS: equations and parameters

Rule 2: update vectors

Rule 3: Evaporation

Rule 1: Move

Please note parameters β and δ. They define how the ants move.

D. Chialvo and M. Millonas, How Swarms Build Cognitive Maps, 1995

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Result: similar ants/data samples tend to cluster.

KANTS

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Example: Iris data set (quantifies the morphologic variation of Iris flowers of three related species)

red: Setosagreen: Versicolorblue: Virginica

t=0 t=50 t=100 t=150

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KANTS1000 iterations

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Visualize the Habitat

Visualize the grid and see how the data samples have “shape” the grid/habitat.

data samples KANTS

grid of vectors

T iterations

Translate to RGB ?

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Sleep Data Analysis and Classification

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o Sleep data from Electroencephalogram (EEG) .

o Hjorth parameters describe sleep EEG with three-variable vectors.

o Translation to RGB is trivial and direct.

o The images are representations of a person’s sleep.

o Each person and each person’s night sleep generates a different image: fingerprints of sleep.

Sleep Data Analysis and Classification

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Pherogenic Sleep Drawings

EEGHjorth

K A N T S

activity complexity mobility

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Pherogenic Sleep Drawings

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Pherogenic Sleep Drawings

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Pherogenic Sleep Drawingsp1(R), p2(G), p3(B)

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Pherographia[1] Ramos, V., Almeida, F. 2000. Artificial Ant Colonies in Digital Image Habitats: a Mass Behaviour Effect Study on Pattern Recognition. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Ant Algorithms, M. Dorigo et al., Eds., 113-116.

[2] Fernandes, C.M. 2010. Pherographia: Drawing by Ants. Leonardo 43(2), 107-112.

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The Horse and the Ants

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Pherographic Synthesis

Bern and Hilla Becher, FRAMEWORK HOUSES Carlos M. Fernandes, Pherographic synthesis of the Bechers’ Framework Houses

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Figurative →Abstract

Data samples= list of RGB vectors

KANTS

Grid

Extract the data samples (three-variable RGB vectors) directly from a coloured image and then use these samples as KANTS output.

Abstracting the Abstract

A swarm art project

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Abstracting the Abstract #1(after Mondrian)

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Abstracting the Abstract #2(after Pollock)

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Abstracting the Abstract #3(after Kandinsky)

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Abstracting the Abstract #4(after Kupka)

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Abstracting the Abstract #5(after Miró)

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Evolutionary Art, Design, and Creativity CompetitionGenetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO)

Philadelphia, USA, 2012

http://eadcc.sigevolution.org/

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Abstracting the AbstractA Swarm Project

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Distributed Creativity (Conclusions)

o The idea/concept.o The ants/samples that shape the

environment (canvas).o The original data (paintings).

o “Reinterpretation” of the original (abstract) works: ABSTRACTING THE ABSTRACT

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o The algorithm has a creative potential.

o We have proposed two artworks with different characteristics.

o Study other forms of representation when the cardinality of the vectors is >3

o 4-variables: maybe 3-dimensional representations.

o Many variables. How to represent them?

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Conclusions and Future Work

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Questions?

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