PHASE TWO:

ARNOLDIAN – reform

1828-1842

A time of change

• In society and the public schools• Society and schools were becoming more orderly• Laws were changing• Eg: Cruelty to animals was banned

• Transport and communication improved • Development of railways and penny post

• Queen Victoria came to power (1837)

Dr Thomas Arnold

• HM Rugby School• 1828-1842• Liberal Reformer• Muscular Christian• Social Control• Gave 6th form responsibility

Godliness ManlinessEducational Reform Sixth form cultureExpansion HouseRegular contests H.M. EncouragementWritten Codes Special Facilities

Muscular Christianity

Religious & Moral

Gentlemen

Intellect

Transition

• Field Sports• Boating• Fives• Mob Games• Running• Bathing• Cricket

CurtailedRowingFives CourtsFootball rulesSpecial Sports DaysRegular bathingCricket

SummaryReligious & Moral

Gentlemen

Intellect

Further information

• Tom Brown’s School days gives us an insight into Rugby school at this time.

• Go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Brown's_Schooldays for some interesting information on this book.

Sport was a major feature of Tom Brown’s school days. Visit http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=h4UQlKVjao4for a video adaptation of the fight. Ask yourself the following questions:1. Is there any evidence of popular recreation?

2. Is there any evidence of social values?