„Selected Chapters from theCross-Sectional Anatomy

of the Human Body”

Pelvis and genital organs András Jakab MD, Levente István Lánczi MD

Pelvis – anatomical landmarks on cross-sectional images Bones

sacrum (S1-S5), iliac bone acetabulum pubic symphysis ischial tuberosity

Reproductive organs Urinary bladder, rectum

promontorysacrum, lateral part

Iliac bone

pubic bonepubic symphysis

ischial bone

coccyx

ala of ilium

sacroiliac joint

L4

L5

sacrumHip joint

head of femur

neck of femur

symphysis pubis

obturator foramen

superior ramus of

pubis

Inferior ramus

of pubis

ramus of ischium

Iliac crest

ant. sup. iliac spine

ant. inf. iliac spine

sacrum lateral part

ischiadic spine

promontory

sacrum, lateral part

sacral canalsuperior articular process

wing of sacrumbasis of sacrum

lateral partpromontory

basis of sacrum

sacral wing

superior articular process

apex

anterior sacral foramen

sacral canalsuperior articular process

median sacral crest

intermediate sacral crest

lateral sacral crest

Arteries – common iliac artery and its branches

Bifurcation of abdominal aorta oszlás: L4 Bifurcation of common iliac artery: in the level

of sacroiliacal joint External iliac a.

On the medial part of psoas major m. Under the inguinal lig. – femoral a. Branches:

inferior epigastric a. deep circumflex iliac a.

External iliac a. – femoral a.

Internal iliac a. and its branches

Parietal branches iliolumbal a. (segmental lumbal arteries) lateral sacral a. (sacral canal) superior / inferior gluteal a. obturator a. – acetabul ramus – femur head!!

Internal iliac a. and its branches

Visceral branches umbilical a. (umbilical lig) superior vesical a. inferior vesical a. uterine a. median rectal a. internal pudendal a. deep/superficial arteries of the penis

iliolumbal a.

lat. sacral a.

sup. gluteal a.

inf. gluteal a.

internal pudendal a.

obturator a.

umbilical a.

superior vesical a.

uterine a. median rectal a.

Muscles of pelvis, abdomen and back Muscles of abdomen

rectus abdominis m. external oblique abdominal m. internal oblique abdominal m. transverse abdominal m.

Dorsal muscles psoas major m., iliacus m. erector spinae m., gluteus maximus, medius, inferius mm.

Perineal muscles internal and external obturator mm. levator ani m. coccygeal m. urogenital diaphragm puborectal m. int. and ext. anal sphincter m.

Muscles of abdomen

rectus abdominis m.external oblique abdominal m. internal oblique abdominal m. transverse abdominal m.

Dorsal muscles

psoas major m.iliacus m.erector spinae m.gluteus maximus,medius, inferius mm.

obturator internus m.

coccygeus m.

obturator internus m.

coccygeus m.

levator ani m.

int / ext. anal sphincter m.

obturator externus m.

obturator internus m.

pectineus m.

Outer hip muscles and extensors

gluteus maximus m.levator ani m.

Perineal muscles

obturator fascia

levator ani m.

ext. anal sphincter m.

transverseperineal

mm.

gluteus maximus m.

ischiocavernosus m.

bulbospongiosus m.

bulbocavernosus m.

Urogenital diaphragm

Pubococcygeus m.

Iliococcygeus m.

Coccygeus m.

Sacrococcygeus m.

Rectococcygeus m.

Sigmoid colon and rectum

levator ani m.

ext. anal sphincter m.

int. anal sphincter m.

levator ani m. int / ext. anal sphincter m. Blood supply:

Sigmoid: inf. mesenteric a. –> sigmiod aa. Rectum: inf. mesenteric a. –> sup. rectal a.

internal iliac a. –> median/inf. rectal a.

superior rectal a.

median rectal a.obturator internus m.

levator ani m.

ext. anal sphincter m.

Inferior rectal a.

Urinary bladder, ureter, urethra Fundus, body, apex Ureter (medial-anterior part of the psoas

major m.) Male: ductus deferens, seminal vesicle

prostate gland

Urogenital tract of the male

Kidney – renal pelvis – ureter – urinary bladder Prostate Seminal vesicule – ejaculatory duct Testis Epididymis – ductus deferens –

ejaculatory duct Urethra Penis

Prostate – seminal vesicule

ductus deferens

seminalvesicule

prostate, medial lobe

prostate, right/left lobe

urethra

Coronal AXIAL

Male pelvis

T2 weighted, axial MRI

Source: info-radiologie.ch

Female pelvis

T2 weighted, axial MRI

Source: info-radiologie.ch