Post on 08-Jan-2018
description
PARENTAL AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENTPresented by: Kimberly Glasgow-Charles2nd April, 2013
Objectives of the sessionAt the end of the session students should
be able to:1. Explain why school, family and
community partnerships are key to student learning and development
2. Identify types of partnership programs work best to support learning
3. Discuss ways to achieve effective school, family and community partnerships
A Personal Definition For the purpose of today’s conversation,
“Parent” or “Family” refers to anyone actively involved in raising and educating a child.
Community – a group of people living in the same area and sharing common values.
Parental Involvement
Parental Involvement The importance of parental
involvement as an accelerating and motivating factor in their children’s education is a worldwide-accepted fact.
Parental Involvement Parent involvement is a process, not a
program of activities. It requires ongoing energy and effort.
Parent involvement requires a vision, policy, and framework. A consensus of understanding is important.
Parental involvement The parent is the central contributor to a
child’s education. Schools can either ignore this fact or recognize the potential of the parent.
Parent involvement must be a legitimate element of education. It deserves equal emphasis with elements such as program improvement and evaluation.
Parental Involvement Parents’ interaction with their own
children is the cornerstone of parent involvement. A program must recognize the value, diversity, and difficulty of this role.
Most barriers to parent involvement are found within school practices. They are not found with parents.
Parental Involvement Any parent can be “hard to reach.”
Parents must be identified and approached individually; they are not defined by gender, ethnicity, family situation, education, or income.
Successful parent involvement nurtures relationships and partnerships. It strengthens bonds between home and school, parent and teacher, parent and school, school and community.
Parental Involvement Parent involvement programs that
are effective in engaging diverse families recognize, respect, and address cultural and class differences.
Parental Involvement Di Natale (2002) posits that one of
the most accurate predictors of achievement in school is the extent to which parents believe that they can be key resources in their children’s education and become involved at school and in the community.
Learning at home – parents as first and ongoing educators of children
Partnership – home and school working together to the growth and development of children
Representation – parents views must be represented.
Elements of Parental Involvement
Joyce Epstein’s Six Levels of Parent Involvement1. Parenting - Help all families establish home environments to support
children as students
2. Communication - Design effective forms of school-to-home and home-to-school communications about school programs and children’s progress
3. Volunteering - Recruit and organize parent help and support
4. Learning at Home - Provide information and ideas about how to help students at home with homework and other curriculum-related activities, decisions, and planning
5. Decision Making - Include parents in school decisions, developing parent leaders and representatives
6. Collaborating with Community - Identify and integrate resources and services from the community to strengthen school programs, family practices, and student learning and development
Outdated Thinkingon Parent Involvement
Parents should come to school only when invited;
Stay-at-home mothers serve as “homeroom mothers”;
Parents visit school mainly for children’s performances and open houses;
Parents help raise money for school.
What are the Benefits? More positive attitudes toward school; Higher achievement, better attendance,
and more homework completed consistently;
Higher graduation rates and enrollment rates in post-secondary education;
Better schools to attend.
Benefits for Parents Greater knowledge of education
programs and how schools work; Knowledge of how to be more supportive
of children; Greater confidence about ways to help
children learn; More positive view of teachers; and, Greater empowerment.
Benefits for School Staff Greater teaching effectiveness; Higher expectations of students; Increased ability to understand family
views and cultures; Greater appreciation of parent
volunteers; and, Improved morale.
Benefits for Communities: Greater strength; Greater impact of services through
comprehensive, integrated approach; Increased access to services for families.
Barriers to Involvement Lack of a school environment that
supports parent/family involvement; School practices that do not accommodate
the diversity of family needs; Child care constraints; Families’ past negative experiences with
schools and/or feelings of uncertainty about “treading on school territory.”
Barriers to Parental Involvement Cultural differences (language barriers,
attitudes toward professionals, lack of knowledge of the education system);
Primacy of basic needs (food, clothing, and shelter take precedence over educational needs);
Barriers to Parental Involvement Feelings of inadequacy associated with
difference in income or education; Safety, especially in inner-city school
neighborhoods; Uncertainty about what to do; and, Lack of time.
What kinds of activities motivate and attract sustained parent commitment?
Educational seminars and awareness sessions on much needed community services/basic needs support
Happy, friendly, respectful environments Literacy-rich schools, classrooms,
programs Culturally competent and culturally
sensitive activities and events Organized and prepared activities Parent Child Interactive Literacy (PCIL) Helpful and supportive faculty and staff
Activities to motivate and attract parents
Fun, innovative, and playful activities Information that is relevant to
families Activities that allow parents to
facilitate and share strengths and skills
Opportunities to share and network with other parents
Opportunities that provide parents ample and appropriate notification before event
Activities that provide user friendly and easy to do examples that can be repeated at home
Ten Truths of Parental Involvement
All parents have hopes and goals for their children. They differ in how they support their children’s efforts to achieve those goals.
The home is one of several areas that simultaneously influence a child. The school must work with people in the other areas for the child’s benefit.
100 Ways The brochure, “100 Ways for Parents to
be Involved in Their Child’s Education” is available from the National PTA; http://www.pta.org/ Based on the National Standards for
Parent/Family Involvement Programs.
Family and Community Involvement
Family and Community Involvement Family involvement is important through
all years of a child’s education. Family involvement takes many forms
and may not require a family’s presence at school.
Families, schools, and communities are closely interconnected and must collaborate in educating children.
Family & Community Involvement School leaders and staff need support
and training in how to encourage family involvement.
One size does not fit all when developing school-family partnerships.
Change takes time and building successful partnerships requires much effort over time.
How can we achieve effective school, family, and community partnerships?
Components of effective partnership
To partner: Implies a relationship, frequently between two people, in which each has equal status and a certain independence but also implicit or formal obligations to the other or others.
Effective programs to engage families and community embrace a philosophy of partnership. The responsibility for children’s educational development is a shared, collaborative enterprise among parents, school staff, and community members.
The keys to building partnerships:
When programs and initiatives focus on building trusting and respectful relationships among school staff, families, and community members, these programs are effective in creating and sustaining meaningful partnerships.
Parental & Community Involvement
Programs that successfully connect with families and community invite involvement, are welcoming, and address specific parental and community needs.
The Joining Process Welcoming
Honoring
Connecting
Welcoming
Families are made to feel at home, comfortable, and a part of the school community.
Honoring
Family members are respected, validated and affirmed for any type of involvement or contribution they make.
ConnectingSchool staff and families put children at the center and connect on education issues of common interest designed to improve educational opportunities for the children.
Putting the Findings into Action
Work with school staff to broaden the definition of family and community engagement.
Adopt the attitude that all families are involved in their children’s education and want guidance in their efforts to support children’s learning.
Encourage staff to implement both in-school away-from-school initiatives.
Link All Efforts to Engage Families, Whether Based at School or in the Community, to Student Learning.
Implement initiatives that focus on building relationships with families and community members.
• Past experiences• Time• Transportation• Location• Translation
Recognize and Address Barriers
Bridge Class and Cultural Differences
• Understand your own cultural context• Share cultural traditions and norms• Create small, friendly settings• Invite families and community members
to tell their education stories• Ask families about their expectations for
their children
•Plan how families want to be engaged•Consult all families about policies•Involve families in action research
Embrace Partnership and Share Power
Embrace Partnership and Share Power, cont.
• Provide access to principal and staff• Facilitate connections to community
groups• Invite families to staff training
Build Social and Political Connections
Support families involvement in decision-making
Promote families’ connections with each other, school staff and community groups
Invite officials to school to respond to families’ concerns
Give families information about how the system works
See families and communities as having valuable assets versus liabilities
Acknowledge the knowledge base of families
Conduct an asset map, not just a needs assessment, of the community
Joining activities: short term
Provide good signage for visitors outside and inside the school building.
Greet visitors to the front office in a way that is family friendly.
Set up a open door policy that meets the needs of families and staff
Ask families what supports they need to help with children’s learning – conduct a needs assessment.
Make “good news” phone call home to families at least once a month about a child’s progress.
Have events in places other than at school – churches, community centers, etc.
Short term, cont. Provide tips for parents on reading in math
in newsletters, report cards, magnets, book bags.
Have “Ask the Principal” events for parents.
Provide a “family suggestion box.” Respond to all suggestions.
Create a list of questions for parents and teachers to follow for effective and meaningful parent/teacher conferences
Plan frequent meetings and activities.
Joining activities – long term Increase to at least four times per year
the number of times that families get to interact with school staff.
Conduct home visits (discretion) designed to welcome families to the school and begin relationship of partnership between families and staff.
Have workshops for families on topics that they have identified from your needs assessment: computer classes, helping with homework, using the Internet, understanding new policies. Conduct Parent/Teacher/Student conferences
Parents and Community members are more likely to become involved when they:
Understand that they SHOULD be involved
Feel CAPABLE of making a contribution Feel INVITED by the school and their
children
Why Partnership?
Research Parental Involvement is an evidence-
based practice or BEST Practice. http://www.michigan.gov/documents/Fin
al_Parent_Involvement_Fact_Sheet_14732_7.pdf
New Trends Schools that have been the most
successful in involving families look beyond traditional definitions to a broader view that considers parents/families as full partners in the education of their children.
These schools view children’s learning as a shared responsibility among everyone involved in the child’s education.
Research Finding:
Home-School Partnerships: There is a positive and convincing relationship between family involvement and benefits for students, including improved academic achievement. This relationship holds across families of all economic, racial/ethnic, and educational backgrounds and for students at all ages.
Research finding Research demonstrates that parent/
family involvement significantly contributes to improved student outcomes.
Everyone -- students, parents, teachers, administrators, and communities -- benefits from family involvement.
Research findings: The most promising opportunity for
student achievement occurs when families, schools, and community organizations work together.
To be effective, school programs must be individualized to fit the needs of the students, parents, and community.
Activity1. What have I learnt from this session?2. How has the session influenced my
attitudes towards parental/family/community involvement and partnership?
3. How do I intend to use the information to inform my practice (what aspect(s) I will implement)?
POINTS TO NOTE You are to respond to the three questions
on SLIDE 60 (ACTIVITY). Forward your responses to the tutorskimgcharles@gmail.comarlenecelestine.modeste@gmail.com Your response will serve as a record of
your attendance to this session.
THE END
Thank you for participating!