Post on 27-Dec-2015
PALESTİNE
Black- The Prophet Mohammad (570-632)
White- The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750),
Damascus Green- The Fatimid Dynasty (909-1171), North
Africa Red- Arab National movement in 1917
CONTENT
1. Introduction 2. Maps of Gaza Strip & West Bank3. Palestinian National Authority 3.1 General Informations about “Gaza
Strip” 3.2 General Informations about “West
Bank”
4. Historical chronology of “Palestine”
Geography
Palestinian National Authority
Capital Administrative centers: Ramallah (West Bank), Gaza (Gaza
Strip); Jerusalem is the proclaimed capital of PalestineGovernmentSemi-presidential; Islamic socialist;
Parliamentary democracy - President Mahmoud Abbas and Aziz Duwaika - Prime Minister Salam Fayyad and Ismai Haniyeh
Establishment - Established May 4, 1994- “Oslo”Population - 2009 (July) estimate 3,935,249(126th)GDP (PPP)2009 estimate - Total$$12.95 billion (-) - Per
capita$2,900 (-)CurrencyJordanian dinarEgyptian Pound& Israeli new sheqel (JOD, EGP, ILS)
?Representation of the Palestinian National
Authority abroad is performed by the Palestine Liberation Organization. In states
that recognise the State of Palestine it maintains embassies and in other states it
maintains "delegations" or "missions".Representations of foreign states to the
Palestinian National Authority are performed by "missions" or "offices" in
Ramallah and Gaza. States that recognise the State of Palestine also accredit to the Palestine Liberation Organization (as the
government-in-exile of the State of Palestine) non-resident ambassadors
residing in third countries
I. Gaza Strip II. West BankI.Gaza Strip:Location: Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between
Egypt and Israel Population: 1,604,238 (July 2010 est.)country comparison to the world: 149Ethnic groups: Palestinian ArabReligions: Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 99.3%, Christaian 0.7%Languages: Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by many Palestinians),
English (widely understood)Economy: High population density, limited land and sea access,
continuing isolation, and strict internal and external security controls => fighting between HAMAS and Israel during December 2008-January 2009, resulted in the near collapse of most of the private sector, extremely high unemployment, and high poverty rates.
Natural resources: arable land, natural gasLand use: arable land: 29% permanent crops: 21% other: 50% (2002)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 12%, industry: 5%, services: 83% (June 2008)Unemployment rate: 40% (2009 est.) country comparison to the
world: 189Agriculture - products: olives, fruit, vegetables, flowers; beef, dairy
productsIndustries: textiles, food processingExports – commodities: strawberries, carnationsImports - commodities: food, consumer goodsNote: Israel permits limited imports through crossings with Gaza,
but most commercial goods are smuggled through tunnels beneath Gaza's border with Egypt
Broadcast media: 1 television station and about 10 radio stations (2008)
II. West BankLocation: Middle East, west of JordanGeography: landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for
Israel's coastal aquifers; there are about 340 Israeli civilian sites - including 100 small outpost communities in the West Bank and 29 sites in East Jerusalem (July 2008 est.)
Population: 2,514,845country comparison to the world: 140
Ethnic groups: Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17%Religions: Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian
and other 8%Languages: Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many
Palestinians), English (widely understood)Natural resources: arable landLand use: arable land: 16.9%, permanent crops: 18.97%, other:
64.13% (2001)Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 12%, industry:
23%,services: 65% (June 2008)Unemployment rate: 19% (2009 est.)country comparison to the world: 166Exports - commodities: stone, olives, fruit, vegetables, limestoneImports - commodities: food, consumer goods, construction
materials, petroleum, chemicalsBroadcast media: the Palestinian Authority operates 1 television and
1 radio station; about 30 independent TV and 25 radio stations operating; Jordanian TV is available; satellite TV is accessible (2008
General Historical Chronology• 1516- 1918 Palestine under Ottoman rule • 1918(1920)- 1948British Mandate• 1948- 1987From proclaiming State of Israel to “Hamas”• 1996- 2000 Detente• 2000- .. Problems started again
15-19th century Palestine under Ottoman rule as part of (southern)
SyriaFirst Zionist Congress & The Basel Program- 1897Theodor Herzl, ''Der Judenstaat'' The Sykes-Picot Agreement- 1916Dividing Arab provinces of Ottoman Empire into
French and British administered areasThe Balfour Declaration-1917British support for establishment of Jewish
national home inPalestineAim: Keeping away France fromThe Suez CanalOttoman withdrawal from Palestine & British
Mandate ( San Remo)- 1920
Christianity (3%)
• Islam (97%)
Balfour Declaration & “The White Paper”- 1922
British mandate looking for balance between Jews & Arabs
Outbreak of WWIIAliyahs1- (Before the WWI) x 22- 1919-19233- 1924-19264- 1933-1936
In 1931; %82 Arab, %19 Jews, %2 others In 1946; % 67 Arab, %31 Jews, %2 others
UN Partition Plan- 1947• British Foreign Sec. Ernest Bevin announces Britishsubmission of Palestine problem to UN• Arab Higher Committee for Palestine announces
rejectionof UN partition plan.• Jewish Agency announces acceptance of UN
partition plan.US endorses UN partition plan.• Soviet Union endorses UN partition plan• Palestine will be divided into three partState of Israel-1948• State of Israel proclaimed in Tel-Aviv at 4:00 p.m “ El nakba”• British Mandate ends • USA and USSR recognise Israel
15th-19th CenturyPalestine under Ottoman rule as
part of (southern) Syria
"Law of Return“ - 1950• 1951Yasser Arafat reorganizes the Palestinian
Students' Union in Cairo. 1959Fatah is established by Yasser ArafatAfter the “June War” in 1967, Fatah has moved
to Jordan 1964 Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) founded. • 1969Yasser Arafat was elected chairman of a new
executive committee of the PLO.“Kara Eylül”- 1960A military confrontation between Jordan's Forces
and PLO guerrillas
Palestine Liberation Organisation 1964
Fatah 1959 Hamas 1988
1974- Changement in PLO’s policiesThe 7th Arab Summit meeting in Rabat recognises the PLO
as sole representative of the Palestinians and affirms; “The right of the Palestinian people to establish an
independent national authority in any Palestinian territory that is
liberated.”
UN Gen. Assembly recognises the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people in its Res. 3210
• 1976Manifesto of Israeli Council for Israeli-Palestinian Peace.• 1978“Camp David” between Sedat & BeginSupport of USEgypt is excluded • 1988 PLO accepted “UN242” US recognises the PLO as the repserentative
Palestinians in Gaza Strip & West Bank
1967-1977Under military occupation 1977- “Likud” & policy of annexationActivities of “ Gus Emunim- Sadıklar Bloku” 1980Israel annexed ; %40 of West Bank %30 of Gaza Strip
Result: Strengthened relations between Palestinians in Gaza
Strip & West Bank and PLO
The Intifada- 1987• In Gaza, 4 Palestinians are killed and at least 7 wounded
when an Israeli truck collides with 2 vans of Palestinian workers returning from work in Israel; 4,000 demonstrators attend funeral for those killed.
• United National Leadership- Birleşik Milli Liderlik• “Hamas” & Islamic discourses inside the PLO- 1988• “Collective punishment” applied by Israel => intifada
spreaded out• By the end of the 1990; 1.050 Palestinian, 56 jews died; more than 36.000 Arab
injured Result: PLO’s power declined. Israel did not retreat from
West Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem.
Oslo Accords “Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements” or “Declaration of Principles” • Milestone in the ongoing Palestinian-Israeli conflict• Between government of Israel & PLO• Madrid Conference-1991• Public Ceramony in Washington; 13 September 1993, in the
presence of PLO chairman Yasser Arafat, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and US President Bill Clinton
• The Palestinian Authority would have responsibility for the administration of the territory under its control. The Accords also called for the withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) from parts of the Gaza Strip and West Bank.
Problems: “Tunusians” inside the PLO & Hamas’s practices ; religionists
reactions in Israel
Wye Memorandum- 1998
• Netenyahu & Arafat + US• Israel’s withdraw from %13 of West Bank• Problems in “Likud” & Barak• Camp Dawid II- 2000Barak& Arafat + US ( Bill Clington)“Different comments on Jerusalem”Second Intifada- 2000Pressure of Israel increased“Harem-ul Serif”More militarized than the first one